Journal
ONCOTARGET
Volume 7, Issue 35, Pages 57452-57463Publisher
IMPACT JOURNALS LLC
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10767
Keywords
epigenetics; myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC); microRNA (miRNA); small interfering RNA (siRNA); DNA methylation
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81400752]
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous population of cells composed of progenitors and precursors to myeloid cells, are deemed to participate in the development of tumor-favoring immunosuppressive microenvironment. Thus, the regulatory strategies targeting MDSCs' expansion, differentiation, accumulation and function could possibly be effective weapons in anti-tumor immunotherapies. Epigenetic mechanisms, which involve DNA modification, covalent histone modification and RNA interference, result in the heritable down-regulation or silencing of gene expression without a change in DNA sequences. Epigenetic modification of MDSC's functional plasticity leads to the remodeling of its characteristics, therefore reframing the microenvironment towards countering tumor growth and metastasis. This review summarized the pertinent findings on the DNA methylation, covalent histone modification, microRNAs and small interfering RNAs targeting MDSC in cancer genesis, progression and metastasis. The potentials as well as possible obstacles in translating into anti-cancer therapeutics were also discussed.
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