Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Myroslav Sprynskyy, Fernanda Monedeiro, Maciej Monedeiro-Milanowski, Zuzanna Nowak, Aneta Krakowska-Sieprawska, Pawel Pomastowski, Renata Gadzala-Kopciuch, Boguslaw Buszewski
Summary: This study aimed to isolate EPA and DHA from diatom biomass using different extraction methods and analyze the extracts. Reflux extraction yielded the highest content of omega-3 fatty acids, while the extracts obtained from SFE had lower toxicity and could be directly used for product development.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lorena Ortega, Lorena Lobos-Gonzalez, Mauricio Reyna-Jeldes, Daniela Cerda, Erwin De la Fuente-Ortega, Patricio Castro, Giuliano Bernal, Claudio Coddou
Summary: This study demonstrated that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has a selective antiproliferative effect on gastric cancer (GC), primarily driven by apoptosis induction. DHA treatment consistently reduced tumor size, ascitic fluid volume, and liver metastasis in an in vivo mouse model. These findings provide promising potential for DHA as a therapeutic agent in GC.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marina Ivanisevic, Marina Horvaticek, Karlo Delmis, Josip Delmis
Summary: This study found that supplementation with DHA and EPA in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes can increase the concentration and proportions of n-3 PUFAs in maternal and fetal blood, while decreasing the proportion of n-6 PUFAs.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matheus H. Theinel, Mariana P. Nucci, Arielly H. Alves, Olivia F. M. Dias, Javier B. Mamani, Murilo M. Garrigos, Fernando A. Oliveira, Gabriel N. A. Rego, Nicole M. E. Valle, Gabriela Cianciarullo, Lionel F. Gamarra
Summary: A systematic review was conducted to study the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplements on breast cancer prevention and treatment. Out of 679 articles, only 27 were included and examined based on various factors such as induction type, experimental design, fatty acid composition, and analysis of outcomes. The findings suggest that omega-3 PUFA supplementation, particularly in combination with antitumor drugs, can have positive effects on tumor growth and metastases. However, the effectiveness of omega-3 PUFA supplementation without antitumor agents remains uncertain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siyan Yu, Qunying Xie, Weifeng Tan, Manjiang Hu, Guiling Xu, Xiao Zhang, Guanghang Xie, Limei Mao
Summary: This study found that supplementation of fish oil with an appropriate higher ratio of DHA (1.5:1) can alleviate insulin resistance, reduce adipocyte hypertrophy and oxidative stress, improve lipid metabolism, and reduce hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance mice.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Anil Kumar Patel, Ajeet Singh Chauhan, Prashant Kumar, Philippe Michaud, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Jo-Shu Chang, Chiu-Wen Chen, Cheng-Di Dong, Reeta Rani Singhania
Summary: This article provides an update on the production of essential fatty acids from potential microbes and explores novel strategies to promote the accumulation of omega-3 and omega-6 through engineering and omics approaches.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ajeet Singh Chauhan, Anil Kumar Patel, Chiu-Wen Chen, Jo-Shu Chang, Philippe Michaud, Cheng-Di Dong, Reeta Rani Singhania
Summary: Considering the increasing health concerns, urban population tends to adopt a healthy lifestyle and incorporate nutritional food supplements to mitigate common health risks. The consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs is on the rise, thus alternative commercial production methods are being developed. Microbial sources are emerging platforms to meet the global demand for omega PUFAs. Marine oleaginous protist Aurantiochytrium sp. has been identified as a potential source for substantial production of DHA and SFA. The objective of this research was to enhance PUFA yield by optimizing glucose concentration and nitrogen ratio. The maximum lipid and DHA yield and content were achieved at 30 g/L glucose, while the relative PUFA content was highest at 10 g/L glucose, with remaining SFA potentially usable for biodiesel.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Keri Lanier, Breanna Wisseman, Cody Strom, Carol A. Johnston, Christy Isler, James DeVente, Edward Newton, Roman Pawlak, Brittany R. Allman-Tucker, Samantha McDonald, Linda E. May
Summary: In the United States, pregnant women have low concentrations of DHA and EPA, which are essential for fetal development. The consumption of PUFA-containing foods can reflect the status of DHA and EPA in maternal blood. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal self-reported dietary intake of foods high in DHA and EPA and maternal blood concentrations of DHA and EPA.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuefei Li, Zhengjie Lu, Yongjian Qi, Biao Chen, Bin Li
Summary: This study used the Mendelian randomization approach to explore the potential causal relationships between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and osteoarthritis (OA), and found that higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids may reduce the risk of knee OA and hip OA. These results highlight the importance of maintaining optimal levels of PUFAs, especially omega-6 fatty acids, in individuals with a genetic predisposition to OA.
Letter
Nutrition & Dietetics
Harry B. Rice, Gerard Bannenberg
Summary: In summary, this letter offers additional perspective on four statements that do not fully represent the totality of available scientific evidence. It urges authors to consider the totality of scientific evidence in their future publications.
Article
Cell Biology
Jing Chen, Esther A. Zaal, Celia R. Berkers, Rob Ruijtenbeek, Johan Garssen, Frank A. Redegeld
Summary: The study demonstrates that pretreating MM cells with DHA/EPA before bortezomib significantly enhances chemosensitivity by decreasing GSH levels and altering metabolism, highlighting the role of GSH degradation in overcoming drug resistance. RNA-seq results suggest the NRF2-ATF3/4-CHAC1 signaling pathway as central in GSH degradation and indicate potential connections to various pathways contributing to the tumor suppressive effect. The findings implicate GSH degradation as a promising therapeutic target in MM and provide new insights into combating bortezomib resistance.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Hassan Reda Hassan Elsayed, Hanan S. Anbar, Mohammed R. Rabei, Mohamed Adel, Randa El-Gamal
Summary: The study found that Omega-3 fatty acids could decrease MTX-induced splenic injury, reduce oxidative stress markers, improve anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory conditions, and increase immune cell levels. Therefore, Omega-3 may be a promising adjuvant therapy for MTX, helping prevent its deleterious effects on the spleen.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Fang, Zhuangwei Zhang, Yinyin Cheng, Haitao Yang, Hui Zhang, Zhe Xue, Songtao Lu, Yichen Dong, Chunyan Song, Xiaohong Zhang, Yuping Zhou
Summary: The study found that EPA and DHA have different effects in ulcerative colitis. High-dose EPA can enhance the mucus barrier, regulate the gut microbiome, and relieve inflammation. This suggests that EPA may be a promising adjunctive therapy for ulcerative colitis.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
A. Lehner, K. Staub, L. Aldakak, P. Eppenberger, F. Ruehli, Robert D. Martin, N. Bender
Summary: The study found no significant association between DHA/EPA supplementation and cognitive performance of children born to pregnant and/or breastfeeding women who consumed fish oil supplements.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Masayuki Okuda, Aya Fujiwara, Satoshi Sasaki
Summary: The study found that in Japanese youths, high intake of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with low levels of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, while high intake of saturated fatty acids was associated with high levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, indicating a close relationship between dietary fatty acid composition and cardiometabolic risk.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael J. Patan, David O. Kennedy, Cathrine Husberg, Svein Olaf Hustvedt, Philip C. Calder, Benita Middleton, Julie Khan, Joanne Forster, Philippa A. Jackson
Summary: The study found that consuming oil rich in DHA could improve wake efficiency and latency but may lead to feeling less energetic and rested. On the other hand, consuming oil rich in EPA could improve sleep efficiency but decrease time in bed and total sleep time. The results suggest that n-3 PUFAs have positive effects on sleep quality, with differential effects observed between DHA and EPA.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emma L. Wightman, Philippa A. Jackson, Bethany Spittlehouse, Thomas Heffernan, Damien Guillemet, David O. Kennedy
Summary: The study suggests that a combination of sage extracts can positively impact cognitive functions in humans, improving performance on working memory and accuracy tasks both acutely and chronically. The effects of this combination slightly differ from those of single sage administration, prompting further research to confirm these distinctions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Abrar M. Babateen, Oliver M. Shannon, Gerard M. O'Brien, Edward Okello, Anmar A. Khan, Sofia Rubele, Emma Wightman, Ellen Smith, Nicholas McMahon, Dilara Olgacer, Christina Koehl, William Fostier, Ines Mendes, David Kennedy, John C. Mathers, Mario Siervo
Summary: The study found that prolonged consumption of beetroot juice is feasible in older overweight and obese adults, leading to increased nitric oxide production and improved health outcomes. Compliance with the interventions was high, indicating potential benefits of nitrate-rich foods on vascular and brain functions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Philippa A. Jackson, Joanne Forster, Julie Khan, Camille Pouchieu, Severine Dubreuil, David Gaudout, Benjamin Moras, Line Pourtau, Florent Joffre, Carole Vaysse, Karene Bertrand, Helene Abrous, David Vauzour, Julie Brossaud, Jean Benoit Corcuff, Lucile Capuron, David O. Kennedy
Summary: This study found that supplementation with saffron extract in healthy adults with subclinical low mood and anxiety or stress can reduce depression scores and improve social relationships. Urinary crocetin levels increased and were correlated with changes in depression scores. The stress-induced decrease in heart rate variability was attenuated following acute saffron intake.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael J. Patan, David O. Kennedy, Cathrine Husberg, Svein Olaf Hustvedt, Philip C. Calder, Julie Khan, Joanne Forster, Philippa A. Jackson
Summary: This study found that oil rich in EPA can improve cognitive performance and memory accuracy, and outperformed oil enriched with DHA. Additionally, n-3 PUFAs may be associated with increased cognitive efficiency.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Philippa A. Jackson, Crystal Haskell-Ramsay, Joanne Forster, Julie Khan, Rachel Veasey, David O. Kennedy, Alissa R. Wilson, Caroline Saunders, Emma L. Wightman
Summary: The study found that 1100 mg of coffee berry extract could enhance alertness with limited effects on cognitive function. There were no effects on mood when apple extract was added. This suggests the potential for synergistic effects of low dose caffeine within coffee berry with polyphenols.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Abrar M. Babateen, Oliver M. Shannon, Gerard M. O'Brien, Edward Okello, Ellen Smith, Dilara Olgacer, Christina Koehl, William Fostier, Emma Wightman, David Kennedy, John C. Mathers, Mario Siervo
Summary: The pilot study found that prolonged consumption of nitrate-rich beetroot juice did not significantly affect cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in overweight and obese older participants. Larger studies using more sophisticated imaging methods are needed to confirm these findings and determine the potential influence of prolonged dietary nitrate supplementation on brain function in older overweight individuals.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fiona Dodd, David Kennedy, Emma Wightman, Julie Khan, Michael Patan, Rian Elcoate, Philippa Jackson
Summary: This study found that chronic supplementation with a multi-herb extract preparation can reduce anxiety in healthy individuals and lower physiological stress responses to a psychosocial stressor.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
David O. Kennedy, Emma L. Wightman
Summary: The plant defence compound caffeine is widely consumed as a performance enhancer in sports, but its effects on mental performance are limited to improved attention or concentration. Caffeine interacts with other bioactive compounds and potentially affects their functional effects.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Philippa A. Jackson, Charlotte Kenney, Joanne Forster, Ellen F. Smith, Rian Elcoate, Bethany Spittlehouse, Jodee Johnson, David O. Kennedy
Summary: This study investigated the effects of low and moderate doses of coffeeberry extract on cognition and mood. The results showed that 100 mg of coffeeberry extract resulted in increased mental fatigue and decreased accuracy on a task of sustained attention. However, no significant effects were found with 300 mg of coffeeberry extract. Therefore, low to moderate doses of coffeeberry extract do not have a beneficial effect on mood, mental and physical energy levels, or cognition.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emma Wightman, Julie Khan, Ellen Smith, Vivien Rolfe, Darren Smith, Greg Young, William Cheung, David Kennedy
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of a multi-ingredient herbal supplement on cognitive function in older adults and found that the supplement improved the speed of cognitive task performance and increased metabolism of tyrosine, suggesting the involvement of increased dopaminergic activity. Additionally, the supplement significantly reduced certain bacterial species in the gut and improved bowel movements. However, the interpretation of the negative effects on memory was limited due to unequal randomization of participants before and after COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
