Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lee Rickards, Anthony Lynn, Deborah Harrop, Margo E. Barker, Mark Russell, Mayur K. Ranchordas
Summary: Consuming polyphenol-rich foods, juices and concentrates accelerated recovery of muscle function and reduced muscle soreness in humans. The maximal benefit occurred 48-72 hours post-exercise, with moderate to very low certainty of evidence. Supplementation could be beneficial when limited time between competitive events and impaired recovery could impact performance negatively.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge Moreno-Fernandez, Maria Puche-Juarez, Juan M. Toledano, Ignacio Chirosa, Luis J. Chirosa, Mario Pulido-Moran, Naroa Kajarabille, Isabel M. Guisado, Rafael Guisado, Javier Diaz-Castro, Julio J. Ochoa
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential positive effects of ubiquinol supplementation on muscle aggression, physical performance, and fatigue perception in non-elite athletes after high intensity circuit weight training. The results showed that ubiquinol supplementation improved muscle performance, reduced muscle damage markers, and had a protective effect on muscle fibers.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emma O'Connor, Toby Muendel, Matthew J. Barnes
Summary: Exercise-induced muscle damage is a state of fatigue characterized by muscle weakness, pain, and reduced recovery ability. Research suggests that tart cherry and omega-3 fatty acids may help accelerate post-exercise recovery, but further studies are needed to explore the potential effects of other compounds.
Article
Sport Sciences
Jimmy T. Wangdi, Mary F. O'Leary, Vincent G. Kelly, Sarah R. Jackman, Jonathan C. Y. Tang, John Dutton, Joanna L. Bowtell
Summary: The study found that Montmorency cherry concentrate (MCC) supplementation can enhance functional recovery after exercise by upregulating antioxidant gene and protein expression. Supplementing with MCC also increased concentrations of phenolic acids. There were no significant differences in other outcome measures between the two conditions.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Brett W. Crossland, B. Rhett Rigby, Anthony A. Duplanty, George A. King, Shanil Juma, Nicholas A. Levine, Cayla E. Clark, Kyndall P. Ramirez, Nicole L. Varone
Summary: This study investigated the effects of CBD supplementation on recovery in collegiate athletes. The results showed that CBD supplementation did not significantly reduce inflammation, muscle damage, or fatigue, nor did it improve performance. These findings suggest that the effects of CBD supplementation may vary in different populations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philipp Baumert, S. Temple, J. M. Stanley, M. Cocks, J. A. Strauss, S. O. Shepherd, B. Drust, M. J. Lake, C. E. Stewart, R. M. Erskine
Summary: The study reveals that repeated maximal sprints can lead to neuromuscular fatigue in hamstring muscles, causing both immediate strength loss linked to central and peripheral fatigue and prolonged strength loss associated with muscle damage indicators. The findings suggest that kinematic changes after sprinting may protect fatigued hamstrings, while factors like muscle cross-sectional area and myoblast:fibroblast ratio could aid in muscle recovery within 48 hours post-sprinting.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Susan Y. Kwiecien, Malachy P. McHugh, Kirsty M. Hicks, Karen M. Keane, Glyn Howatson
Summary: The study tested the efficacy of prolonging the duration of cooling using phase change material (PCM) on various recovery markers following a marathon run. Results showed that prolonging the cooling duration with PCM did not accelerate the resolution of any dependent variables related to muscle damage. Despite differences in soreness and countermovement jump height between groups, there was no significant advantage seen with PCM treatment.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Marco Aurelio Araujo Dourado, Denis C. L. Vieira, Daniel Boullosa, Martim Bottaro
Summary: This study aimed to verify the time course recovery of muscle edema and functional performance after lower-body single-and multi-joint exercises. The results showed that peak torque decreased immediately after the exercises and fully recovered within 24-48 hours. Jump height and power followed the same recovery pattern as peak torque. However, the recovery of muscle thickness varied depending on the exercise type.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stela Mirla da Silva Felipe, Raquel Martins de Freitas, Emanuel Diego dos Santos Penha, Christina Pacheco, Danilo Lopes Martins, Juliana Osorio Alves, Paula Matias Soares, Adriano Cesar Carneiro Loureiro, Tanes Lima, Leonardo R. Silveira, Alex Soares Marreiros Ferraz, Jorge Estefano Santana de Souza, Jose Henrique Leal-Cardoso, Denise P. Carvalho, Vania Marilande Ceccatto
Summary: The study investigated the transcriptional profile of strenuous exercise in rat soleus muscle, identifying 80 differentially expressed genes and key pathways including PI3K-Akt signaling and cell proliferation/degeneration. These findings suggest a transient and dynamic process in cell signaling transcription networks after acute strenuous exercise.
Review
Sport Sciences
Conor C. Carey, Alice Lucey, Lorna Doyle
Summary: The study suggests that polyphenol treatments containing flavonoids have the potential to enhance recovery of muscle strength and reduce muscle soreness post EIMD. Future research should prioritize characterization of polyphenol dosage and composition of treatments to develop specific guidelines for the inclusion of flavonoid-rich foods in the diet of athletes and active individuals.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Simeng Yang, Qing He, Lijun Shi, Ying Wu
Summary: The study found that supplementation with 3 g/d of Antarctic krill oil and continued supplementation after exercise can alleviate exercise-induced muscle damage and promote post-exercise recovery.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Joao B. Ferreira-Junior, Suene F. N. Chaves, Maria H. A. Pinheiro, Vitor H. S. Rezende, Eduardo D. S. Freitas, Joao C. B. Marins, Mauricio G. Bara-Filho, Amilton Vieira, Martim Bottaro, Carlos M. A. Costa
Summary: The study investigated the time course of skin temperature response and muscle recovery status following resistance training involving leg press exercise. The results showed that thigh skin temperature remained unaffected up to 72 hours post-exercise, and there was no significant correlation between skin temperature changes and muscle recovery status.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Anastasia Rosvoglou, Ioannis G. Fatouros, Athanasios Poulios, Themistoklis Tsatalas, Konstantinos Papanikolaou, Evaggeli Karampina, Christina A. Liakou, Panagiotis Tsimeas, Panagiota Karanika, Dimitrios Tsoukas, Ioannis Katrabasas, Athanasios Chatzinikolaou, Chariklia K. Deli, Giannis Giakas, Athanasios Z. Jamurtas, Dimitrios Draganidis
Summary: This study compared the effects of different intensities of eccentric contractions on muscle damage and recovery. The results showed that higher intensity eccentric contractions resulted in more severe muscle damage and slower recovery.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hugo J. Bello, Alberto Caballero-Garcia, Daniel Perez-Valdecantos, Enrique Roche, David C. Noriega, Alfredo Cordova-Martinez
Summary: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the role of vitamin D in muscle recovery post-exercise, with inconclusive results suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jessica Amie Hill, Karen Mary Keane, Rebecca Quinlan, Glyn Howatson
Summary: The study demonstrated that tart cherry supplementation can have beneficial effects on reducing muscle soreness, recovering muscular strength and power. It also showed significant impact on jump height recovery and sprint time, but no significant effects on creatine kinase and tumor necrosis factor alpha.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Rachel Kimble, Katherine Jones, Glyn Howatson
Summary: Anthocyanins have potential to facilitate exercise recovery by improving antioxidant capacity, reducing inflammation, and enhancing strength and muscle soreness. The effects are dose-dependent.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sarah E. Costello, Jack R. W. Rossiter, Glyn Howatson, Phillip G. Bell, Barry O'Neill, Ken van Someren, Crystal F. Haskell-Ramsay
Summary: This study investigated the effects of intensified training on cognitive function, psychological state, and performance in trained cyclists. The findings showed that two weeks of intensified training resulted in overreaching, as demonstrated by decreased peak and mean power output, increased total mood disturbance, and disruption to recovery-stress balance. However, cognitive function remained unaffected during the training period, suggesting caution in using it as an early indicator of overreaching.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Bryony A. Curry, Aimee L. Drane, Rebeca Atencia, Yedra Feltrer, Glyn Howatson, Thalita Calvi, Christopher Palmer, Sophie Moittie, Steve Unwin, Joshua C. Tremblay, Meg M. Sleeper, Michael L. Lammey, Steve Cooper, Mike Stembridge, Rob Shave
Summary: The study found differences in body weight, growth rate, and age at maturation between captive chimpanzees and wild chimpanzees. Adult body weight was greater in zoo and research chimpanzees compared to sanctuary chimpanzees. Sanctuary chimpanzees had slower growth rates, and male sanctuary chimpanzees had a later age at maturation for body weight.
Article
Sport Sciences
Carl Langan-Evans, Mark A. Hearris, Chloe Gallagher, Stephen Long, Craig Thomas, Andrew D. Moss, William Cheung, Glyn Howatson, James P. Morton
Summary: This study aimed to test the effects of a novel nutritional blend on subjective and objective measures of sleep. The results showed that the blend reduced sleep onset latency, increased total sleep time and sleep efficiency, and reduced morning sleepiness.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Steven J. Marshall, Kirsty M. Hicks, Glyn Howatson, Lisa Cox, Kevin Thomas
Summary: This study examined the validity and reliability of measuring patellar tendon (PT) cross-sectional area (CSA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US). The findings indicate that both MRI and US can accurately estimate the PT CSA, with US measurements showing excellent reliability.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kia Salimi, Masoomeh Alvandi, Mahdi Saberi Pirouz, Kamran Rakhshan, Glyn Howatson
Summary: Skeletal muscle responds to exercise training by increasing muscle protein synthesis through the translation elongation pathway. This review highlights the impact of exercise training on this pathway, focusing on the molecular factors and the mode and volume of exercise training intervention.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Anna Wippich, Glyn Howatson, Georgia Allen-Baker, Derek Farrell, Matthew Kiernan, Andrea Scott-Bell
Summary: This study conducted experiments on low socioeconomic status individuals and refugees in Lebanon, proving the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression symptoms. These findings contribute to the research base for under-researched populations.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Natalie Dyas, David Green, Kevin Thomas, Esme Matthew, Glyn Howatson
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between physical floor based performance measures and maximum Time of Flight (ToF) in elite gymnasts. The results showed that there were very large and large positive correlations between CMJ F-0 and ToF for seniors and juniors respectively, and very large positive correlations between CMJ height and total ToF for both seniors and juniors. Multiple regression analyses revealed that CMJ F-0 predicted 72% of ToF variability in seniors, while CMJ height, 10 to 5 Reactive Strength Index (RSI), and CMJ F-0 predicted 82% of ToF variability in juniors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Rachelle Bester, Zinandre Stander, Shayne Mason, Karen M. Keane, Glyn Howatson, Tom Clifford, Emma J. Stevenson, Du Toit Loots
Summary: Extreme endurance events can have negative effects on athletes' health and performance, especially without sufficient recovery. This study aimed to understand the metabolic changes during post-marathon recovery and identify biomarkers related to stress, recovery, and adaptation. Using metabolomics, researchers found that several metabolites were significantly affected during recovery, including those related to energy production, gut microbiota, and muscle soreness. Although some metabolic pathways recovered within 48 hours, certain metabolites remained perturbed or fluctuated again after initial recovery.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Justin W. Andrushko, Joshua C. Carr, Jonathan P. Farthing, Lindsey K. Lepley, Jason M. Defreitas, Stuart Goodall, Ashlee M. Hendy, Glyn Howatson, Dustin R. Grooms, Tjerk Zult, Tibor Hortobagyi, Gulcan Harput, Maria Papandreou, Kazunori Nosaka, Richard G. Carson, Andrea Manca, Franca Deriu, David George Behm, Dawson J. Kidgell, Nicholas C. Clark, Lara A. Boyd
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Freddy Brown, Matt Hill, Derek Renshaw, Charles Pedlar, Jessica Hill, Ken van Someren, Glyn Howatson, Jason Tallis
Summary: This study investigated the effects of compression garments on recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage and the repeated bout effect. The results showed that compression garments did not enhance recovery but impaired the repeated bout effect at higher isokinetic velocities.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Gonzalo Gomez-Guerrero, Janne Avela, Miro Enroth, Ella Haekkinen, Paul Ansdell, Glyn Howatson, Simon Walker
Summary: This study investigated the reliability of motor evoked potentials and lumbar evoked potentials at different stimulation intensities and contraction levels in m.rectus femoris. The results showed that MEPs and LEPs elicited in m.rectus femoris appear to be reliable to assess changes at different segments of the cortico-spinal tract during different contraction levels and stimulator output intensities. Furthermore, the TMS- and LS- elicited SP was a reliable tool considered to reflect inhibitory processes at spinal and cortical levels.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Yonas Akalu, Ashlyn K. Frazer, Glyn Howatson, Alan J. Pearce, Ummatul Siddique, Mohamad Rostami, Jamie Tallent, Dawson J. Kidgell
Summary: In addition to its established role in postural control, the reticulospinal tract (RST) has been found to be involved in strength, motor recovery, and other gross motor functions. This review aimed to determine the overall role of the RST in motor function and recovery. A literature search retrieved 32 eligible studies, including human and animal studies, that assessed the role of the RST. The findings suggest that the RST plays an important role in motor recovery, gross motor function, and strength gain, although further studies are needed to better understand its role in healthy individuals and its contribution to the development of spasticity.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Gonzalo Gomez-Guerrero, Paul Ansdell, Glyn Howatson, Janne Avela, Simon Walker
Summary: This study investigated spinal excitability during the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) silent period (SP) at different time delays in m.rectus femoris. The results showed that reduced spinal excitability was extended during 50% and 75% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). In the future, paired TMS-lumbar stimulation (LS) could be a valuable method for studying changes in spinal excitability during SP and testing various neurophysiological phenomena.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Danny Lum, Glyn Howatson
Summary: This study compared the acute effects of isometric strength training and heavy resistance training on sprinting, jumping, and isometric strength performance. The results showed that acute heavy resistance training led to a greater reduction in sprinting strength performance and lower perceived recovery.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE IN SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)
