Low-oxygen waters limited habitable space for early animals

Effective use of cerium anomalies as a redox proxy in carbonate-dominated marine settings

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Sufficient oxygen for animal respiration 1,400 million years ago

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Statistical analysis of iron geochemical data suggests limited late Proterozoic oxygenation

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A global transition to ferruginous conditions in the early Neoproterozoic oceans

(2015) Romain Guilbaud et al.   Nature Geoscience

Dynamic redox conditions control late Ediacaran metazoan ecosystems in the Nama Group, Namibia

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Ediacaran skeletal metazoan interpreted as a lophophorate

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Rise to modern levels of ocean oxygenation coincided with the Cambrian radiation of animals

(2015) Xi Chen et al.   Nature Communications

Discriminating between different genetic types of marine ferro-manganese crusts and nodules based on rare earth elements and yttrium

(2014) M. Bau et al.   CHEMICAL GEOLOGY

Assessing the utility of Fe/Al and Fe-speciation to record water column redox conditions in carbonate-rich sediments

(2014) M.O. Clarkson et al.   CHEMICAL GEOLOGY

Trace Fossils with Spreiten from the Late Ediacaran Nama Group, Namibia: Complex Feeding Patterns Five Million Years Before the Precambrian–Cambrian Boundary

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Co-evolution of eukaryotes and ocean oxygenation in the Neoproterozoic era

(2014) Timothy M. Lenton et al.   Nature Geoscience

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Ediacaran metazoan reefs from the Nama Group, Namibia

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Stratigraphy, palaeontology and geochemistry of the late Neoproterozoic Aar Member, southwest Namibia: Reflecting environmental controls on Ediacara fossil preservation during the terminal Proterozoic in African Gondwana

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Late Ediacaran redox stability and metazoan evolution

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A novel extraction chromatography and MC-ICP-MS technique for rapid analysis of REE, Sc and Y: Revising CI-chondrite and Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) abundances

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Paleoecology of the earliest skeletal metazoan communities: Implications for early biomineralization

(2011) Rachel A. Wood   EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS

Ferruginous Conditions: A Dominant Feature of the Ocean through Earth's History

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Cerium anomaly variations in Ediacaran–earliest Cambrian carbonates from the Yangtze Gorges area, South China: Implications for oxygenation of coeval shallow seawater

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Corumbella and in situ Cloudina in association with thrombolites in the Ediacaran Itapucumi Group, Paraguay

(2011) Lucas V. Warren et al.   TERRA NOVA

Rare earth elements in authigenic methane-seep carbonates as tracers for fluid composition during early diagenesis

(2010) T. Himmler et al.   CHEMICAL GEOLOGY

Rare Earth Element and yttrium compositions of Archean and Paleoproterozoic Fe formations revisited: New perspectives on the significance and mechanisms of deposition

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Spatial variability in oceanic redox structure 1.8 billion years ago

(2010) Simon W. Poulton et al.   Nature Geoscience

Experimental silicification of the extremophilic ArchaeaPyrococcus abyssiandMethanocaldococcus jannaschii: applications in the search for evidence of life in early Earth and extraterrestrial rocks

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Rapid, oxygen-dependent microbial Mn(II) oxidation kinetics at sub-micromolar oxygen concentrations in the Black Sea suboxic zone

(2009) Brian G. Clement et al.   GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA

Fossil steroids record the appearance of Demospongiae during the Cryogenian period

(2009) Gordon D. Love et al.   NATURE

Tracing the stepwise oxygenation of the Proterozoic ocean

(2008) C. Scott et al.   NATURE