Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Bai-Feng Zheng, Zhi-Zheng Wang, Jin Dong, Jin-Yi Ma, Yang Zuo, Qiong-You Wu, Guang-Fu Yang
Summary: A new compound, 8aj, was discovered to be a potent inhibitor of Nicotiana tabacum PPO enzyme. It showed 71-fold higher activity than the commercial herbicide oxadiazon and has the potential to be developed as a new herbicide for weed control.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Mangini, Rosa D'Angelo, Caterina Vinciguerra, Christine Payre, Gerard Lambeau, Barbara Balestrieri, Julia F. F. Charles, Stefania Mariggio
Summary: This study investigates the role of group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)-IIA) in osteoclast bone-resorption activity and syncytium formation. The results suggest that sPLA(2)-IIA is involved in the regulation of osteoclast maturation and fusion through both catalytic-dependent and independent mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Arfan, Abdelrahman Zamzam, Muzammil H. Syed, Shubha Jain, Niousha Jahanpour, Rawand Abdin, Mohammad Qadura
Summary: Elevated levels of D-dimer and prothrombin fragment (F1+2) are associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD), and are negatively correlated with ABI, serving as independent predictors of PAD status.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael McDermott, David E. Newby
Summary: In this study, Fuchs et al. analyzed the outcomes of 9533 adults who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography. The unique data provided by this study on the natural history of coronary artery disease will be valuable for informing prevention strategies.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Georgi Stavrakov, Irena Philipova, Atanas Lukarski, Mariyana Atanasova, Borislav Georgiev, Teodora Atanasova, Spiro Konstantinov, Irini Doytchinova
Summary: Despite the lack of effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, AChE inhibitors remain important in the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate cognitive impairments. Researchers designed a new library of AChE inhibitors and found a more effective non-toxic compound through virtual screening.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rahayu Zulkapli, Suhaila Abd Muid, Seok Mui Wang, Hapizah Nawawi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on PCSK9, targeted early atherogenesis biomarkers, and monocyte binding in stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC). The results showed that PCSK9 inhibitors exerted anti-atherogenic effects by downregulating PCSK9 and early atherogenesis biomarkers, as well as significantly inhibiting monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells via the NF-kappa B and eNOS pathways. These findings suggest the potential role of PCSK9 inhibitors in preventing atherosclerosis-related complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Federico Carbone, Alessia Valente, Carlo Perego, Maria Bertolotto, Bianca Pane, Giovanni Spinella, Domenico Palombo, Maria-Grazia De Simoni, Fabrizio Montecucco, Stefano Fumagalli
Summary: The study revealed that ficolins support intraplaque immune cell recruitment and inflammatory processes, with ficolin-2 showing a strong predictive value for adverse cardiovascular events. This evidence presents a potentially new pharmacological target for dampening inflammatory mechanisms leading to plaque vulnerability.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu Jiang, Tong Pang, Rui Shi, Wen-lei Qian, Wei-feng Yan, Yuan Li, Zhi-gang Yang
Summary: The study found that smoking is significantly associated with the presence of noncalcified, obstructive, and more extensive coronary artery plaques in diabetes patients. Furthermore, a longer smoking duration is significantly associated with a higher risk of mixed, obstructive, and more extensive plaques.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sadiya S. Khan, Wendy S. Post, Xiuqing Guo, Jingyi Tan, Fang Zhu, Daniel Bos, Bahar Sedaghati-Khayat, Jeroen van Rooij, Aaron Aday, Norrina B. Allen, Maxime M. Bos, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Matthew J. Budoff, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Jonathan D. Mosley, Jerome I. Rotter, Philip Greenland, Maryam Kavousi
Summary: Coronary artery calcium score and polygenic risk score were evaluated for their ability to predict risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in two population-based studies. The results showed that coronary artery calcium score had better discrimination and improved risk prediction when added to traditional risk factors compared to the polygenic risk score.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Beth Whittington, Marc R. R. Dweck, Edwin J. R. van Beek, David Newby, Michelle C. C. Williams
Summary: PET-MRI combines MRI's anatomical detail and tissue characterization with PET's functional information, allowing for the identification of biological activity and high-risk plaque features within the coronary arteries. It can also provide information on myocardial perfusion, viability, and function, characterizing the downstream effects of coronary artery disease on the myocardium.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laurits Juhl Heinsen, Gokulan Pararajasingam, Thomas Rueskov Andersen, Soren Auscher, Hussam Mahmoud Sheta, Helle Precht, Jess Lambrechtsen, Kenneth Egstrup
Summary: This study found a high prevalence of HRP in asymptomatic T2D patients, with HRP detection associated with specific patient characteristics. HRP was not correlated with high CACS, as HRP could be found even in patients with zero CACS.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gianni Chessari, Rachel Grainger, Rhian S. Holvey, R. Frederick Ludlow, Paul N. Mortenson, David C. Rees
Summary: This study analyzed 131 fragment-to-lead examples targeting various protein families between 2015-2019, identifying the most common polar functional groups involved in fragment-protein binding and highlighting the key role of growth from carbocentric vectors. The results suggest that robust C-H functionalisation methods that tolerate the polar functionality on fragments could be transformative for fragment-based drug discovery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pearly Shuyi Ng, Klement Foo, Sandra Sim, Gang Wang, Chuhui Huang, Li Hong Tan, Anders Poulsen, Boping Liu, Doris Hui Ying Tee, Nur Huda Binte Ahmad, Sifang Wang, Zhiyuan Ke, May Ann Lee, Zekui P. Kwek, Joma Joy, Jothi Anantharajan, Nithya Baburajendran, Vishal Pendharkar, Vithya Manoharan, Susmitha Vuddagiri, Kanda Sangthongpitag, Jeffrey Hill, Thomas H. Keller, Alvin W. Hung
Summary: This study identified a new indazole-based AXL inhibitor through a fragment-based lead discovery approach, providing a suitable starting point for further optimization efforts.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jia-Lu Hu, Zhi-Feng Yao, Min-Na Tang, Chun Tang, Xiao-Fan Zhao, Xi Su, Dan-Bo Lu, Qiu-Rong Li, Zhang-Sheng Wang, Yan Yan, Zeneng Wang
Summary: In this study, 78 human subjects were recruited and their gut microbiota compositions were analyzed. Specific microbial taxa associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risks were identified, but the reproducibility of enriched taxa across different cohorts limited their use in early diagnosis and prevention of CAD. Only decreased Bacteroides abundance was found to be a reliable marker for indicating CAD progression.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Muya Xiong, Tianqing Nie, Qiang Shao, Minjun Li, Haixia Su, Yechun Xu
Summary: This study identified three potential covalent non-peptidomimetic inhibitors for the treatment of the coronavirus based on virtual screening. The effectiveness of one compound was validated through enzymatic activity assay and crystal structure analysis. The study also demonstrated an effective computational approach for seeking new covalent small molecules.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
