Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tengfei Wang, Kaifeng Guan, Qiuju Su, Xiaotong Wang, Zengqiang Yan, Kailin Kuang, Yuan Wang, Qingde Zhang, Xiang Zhou, Bang Liu
Summary: The composition of gut microbiota is related to the resistance of pigs to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV). Higher levels of probiotics in resistant pigs positively impact host immunity and growth performance, while higher levels of pathogenic bacteria in susceptible pigs are associated with poorer clinical outcomes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Wan Liang, Xiangge Meng, Yueran Zhen, Yu Zhang, Xueying Hu, Qingde Zhang, Xiang Zhou, Bang Liu
Summary: This study examined the transcriptome and proteome differences in lymph nodes between PRRSV-resistant and PRRSV-susceptible pigs upon PRRSV infection. The results revealed genetic differences in antigen presentation and metabolism between the two groups of pigs, leading to different immune responses to PRRSV infection. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and proteome datasets identified important factors for PRRSV clearance, such as antigen recognition capacity, immune activation, cell cycles, and cell metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Liujun Zhang, Xing Feng, Huandi Wang, Shaojun He, Hongjie Fan, Deyi Liu
Summary: Fc gamma receptor-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) can promote virus invasion of target cells, sometimes exacerbating the severity of the disease. ADE of PRRSV infection has been demonstrated, but its effect on the host cell's natural antiviral immunity is unclear.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Bilal Ahmad Wani, Faheem Shehjar, Sonaullah Shah, Ajaz Koul, Adfar Yusuf, Masqooba Murtaza, Rajni Singh, Fayez Althobaiti, Adil Aldhahrani, Dil Afroze
Summary: Studies show a significant association of IL-10 and IFN-gamma gene polymorphisms with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (ETB) in ethnic Kashmiri population.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Claudia Augusta Di Trani, Assunta Cirella, Leire Arrizabalaga, Maite Alvarez, Angela Bella, Myriam Fernandez-Sendin, Joan Salvador Russo-Cabrera, Celia Gomar, Nuria Ardaiz, Alvaro Teijeira, Elixabet Bolanos, Jose Gonzalez-Gomariz, Itziar Otano, Fernando Aranda, Belen Palencia, Aina Segues, Shuyu Huang, Sander M. J. van Duijnhoven, Andrea van Elsas, Ignacio Melero, Pedro Berraondo
Summary: This study aims to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by enhancing the tethering of IL-12 to tumor cells. The fusion of IL-12 with diabodies successfully achieved binding to tumor cells and reduced its systemic availability. This strategy could potentially enhance the therapeutic effects and minimize the toxicity of IL-12 in cancer treatment.
MOLECULAR THERAPY NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Shanmuga Sundaram Mahalingam, Sangeetha Jayaraman, Adhvika Arunkumar, Holly M. Dudley, Donald D. Anthony, Carey L. Shive, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Pushpa Pandiyan
Summary: Individuals aged >61 show intrinsic changes in T cell responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection, including reduced cytokine production capacity and increased PD-1(+) cells. These findings may provide insights into dysregulated immune responses in COVID-19 in the elderly.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Michael Brandon Ware, Maggie Phillips, Christopher McQuinn, Mohammad Y. Zaidi, Hannah M. Knochelmann, Emily Greene, Brian Robinson, Cameron J. Herting, Thomas A. Mace, Zhengjia Chen, Chao Zhang, Matthew R. Farren, Amanda N. Ruggieri, Jacob S. Bowers, Reena Shakya, Alton B. Farris, Gregory Young, William E. Carson III, Bassel El-Rayes, Chrystal M. Paulos, Gregory B. Lesinski
Summary: This study demonstrates that anti-IL-6 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies can enhance antitumor immune responses to pancreatic cancer. Dual blockade of IL-6 and CTLA-4 inhibits tumor growth by inducing T cell infiltrations and secretion of IFN-gamma by CD4+ T cells. The efficacy of this combination therapy is dependent on the CXCR3 axis and the presence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicolle Rakanidis Machado, Beatriz Oliveira Fagundes, Lorena Abreu Fernandes, Augusto Cesar Penalva de Oliveira, Youko Nukui, Jorge Casseb, Fernando Roberto Machado Cunha, Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali, Sabri Saeed Sanabani, Jefferson Russo Victor
Summary: This study found that IgG obtained from HAM/TSP and ATLL patients can differentially modulate the cytokine production by human T and B cells, and elicit distinct effects on target populations.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Catarina M. Ferreira, Ana Margarida Barbosa, Palmira Barreira-Silva, Ricardo Silvestre, Cristina Cunha, Agostinho Carvalho, Fernando Rodrigues, Margarida Correia-Neves, Antonio G. Castro, Egidio Torrado
Summary: IL-10 acts on CD4(+) T cells during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, impairing their ability to migrate into the lung parenchyma and interact with infected phagocytic cells, thereby impeding the control of infection.
Article
Immunology
Madhuparna Nandi, Mitterrand Muamba Moyo, Sakina Orkhis, Jeanne Masunga Faida Mobulakani, Marc-Andre Limoges, Fjolla Rexhepi, Marian Mayhue, Anny Armas Cayarga, Gisela Cofino Marrero, Subburaj Ilangumaran, Alfredo Menendez, Sheela Ramanathan
Summary: Interleukin-15 (IL-15) regulates immune cell activity by forming a trimeric complex with IL-15Rα, but can also signal through the IL-15Rβγ(c) dimer. IL-15 deficiency results in the inability to control bacterial infections, while mice lacking IL-15Rα are able to effectively clear pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Wei-Jia Luo, Sung-Liang Yu, Chia-Ching Chang, Min-Hui Chien, Ya-Ling Chang, Keng-Mao Liao, Pei-Chun Lin, Kuei-Pin Chung, Ya-Hui Chuang, Jeremy J. W. Chen, Pan-Chyr Yang, Kang-Yi Su
Summary: HLJ1 knockout mice show reduced organ injury and mortality in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxic shock. HLJ1 deletion affects IFN-gamma-related gene signatures in distinct immune cell clusters. HLJ1 deficiency leads to reduced IL-12 levels, dampened IFN-gamma production in natural killer cells, and improved survival rate. HLJ1 converts misfolded IL-12p35 homodimers to monomers, maintaining bioactive IL-12p70 heterodimerization and secretion.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Taosheng Ye, Jiaohong Zhang, Xuan Zeng, Yuxiang Xu, Min Li
Summary: This study found that levels of IFN-gamma, IL-10, IL-12, and CCL1 in the serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are significantly increased, indicating immune impairment. After treatment, these levels decreased and were found to be correlated with other inflammatory markers.
ACTA MEDICA MEDITERRANEA
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Antoni Ribas, W. Nicholas Haining, Ton N. M. Schumacher
Summary: Tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells need to change the tumor microenvironment to enhance their antitumor effects. IFN-γ plays a critical role by altering the gene expression of cancer cells and immune cells, turning them into enablers of the antitumor immune response.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Lisa Johann, Ari Waisman
Summary: The study reveals a novel mechanism by which astrocytes maintain an anti-inflammatory state in the CNS. This mechanism involves IFNg-induced TRAIL expression on astrocytes, leading to effector T cell apoptosis and suppression of inflammation.
Article
Immunology
Zixi Wang, Di Guan, Jianxin Huo, Subhra K. Biswas, Yuhan Huang, Yuansheng Yang, Shengli Xu, Kong-Peng Lam
Summary: The study demonstrates that IL-10 upregulates both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in human NK cells, crucial for their enhanced effector functions. Mechanistically, it is revealed that IL-10 activates the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) to regulate metabolic reprogramming in human NK cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mohamed S. H. Hassan, Ahmed Ali, Motamed Elsayed Mahmoud, Danah Altakrouni, Shahnas M. Najimudeen, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of different vaccination programs against Canadian DMV/1639 IBV and found that the autogenous inactivated DMV/1639 vaccine was more effective in reducing viral loads and boosting virus neutralization titers. Both vaccination programs provided significant protection against pathological effects.
Article
Virology
Wanda Christ, Jonas Klingstrom, Janne Tynell
Summary: The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, triggering translational arrest and inhibiting stress granule formation. However, the stress-responsive transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP are not induced. Different SARS-CoV-2 variants show variant-specific differences in ISR activation, suggesting potential impacts on pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
Article
Virology
Xiao Han, Hankun Xu, Yifan Weng, Rong Chen, Jidong Xu, Tong Cao, Renjie Sun, Ying Shan, Fang He, Weihuan Fang, Xiaoliang Li
Summary: Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) can inhibit the host innate immunity by decreasing the level of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and CSFV Npro can evade host antiviral immune response through upregulating HMGB1 acetylation.
Article
Virology
Sunjian Lyu, Fulei Xiong, Tianpeng Qi, Weifeng Shen, Qi Guo, Mingming Han, Li Liu, Weishao Bu, Julin Yuan, Bao Lou
Summary: This study identified and characterized a novel temperate A. hydrophila phage, P05B, which has strong lytic ability and stability across different temperatures and pH values.
Article
Virology
Siyuan Liu, Wei Chen, Raphael Nyaruaba, Shunlong Wang, Cihan Yang, Qun Wu, Ying Liu, Puyu Liu, Fei Wang, Jingling Wang, Zhiming Yuan, Dingwei Sun, Han Xia
Summary: Specific, sensitive, and reliable RT-qPCR assays for the detection of OYAV and EBIV have been successfully developed in this study. These assays hold great promise for their potential application in clinical and field samples in the future.
Article
Virology
Rui Wang, Qiang Sun, Jinbo Xiao, Congcong Wang, Xiaoliang Li, Jichen Li, Yang Song, Huanhuan Lu, Ying Liu, Shuangli Zhu, Zhijun Liu, Yong Zhang
Summary: Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) has emerged as an important agent causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Mutations in residue 64 of the virus have been found to increase resistance to ribavirin and decrease sensitivity to guanidine hydrochloride. This mutation also leads to increased replication fidelity and reduced pathogenicity. These findings provide a foundation for the development of a safe and effective live attenuated CVA6 vaccine.
Article
Virology
Yao Xiong, Keran Ma, Xiao Zou, Yantao Liang, Kaiyang Zheng, Tiancong Wang, Hong Zhang, Yue Dong, Ziyue Wang, Yundan Liu, Hongbing Shao, Andrew Mcminn, Min Wang
Summary: This study isolated a novel virus, vB_VviC_ZQ26, infecting Vibrio cyclitrophicus from coastal waters near Qingdao, China. It was found that vB_VviC_ZQ26 belongs to a new vibriophage-specific family, Coheviridae, and is mainly found in temperate and tropical epipelagic zones.
Article
Virology
Xing Li, Zhiping Ye, Ewan P. Plant
Summary: By analyzing clinical and cultured samples using the same bioinformatic pipeline, it was found that 5' copyback DVGs are prevalent in human clinical samples but not in cultured samples. Furthermore, there are differences in DVG production and composition between in vivo and in vitro infections.
Article
Virology
Shreya Banerjee, Rakesh Sarkar, Arpita Mukherjee, Suvrotoa Mitra, Animesh Gope, Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
Summary: Rotavirus is a major cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and continues to be a severe issue in underdeveloped nations. Recent research has shown that a long non-coding RNA called SLC7A11-AS1 is upregulated during rotavirus infection and plays a role in facilitating the virus's propagation by regulating intracellular glutathione and lipid peroxidation.
Article
Virology
Eiichi Hondo, Tetsufumi Katta, Ayato Sato, Naoya Kadofusa, Tomoki Ishibashi, Hiroshi Shimoda, Hirokazu Katoh, Atsuo Iida
Summary: Bat-borne emerging viruses, such as the Ebola virus and Nipah virus, pose a significant threat to public health. In this study, we identified micafungin as a potential antiviral drug against Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) and found that it inhibits viral release in human cells through activating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway. This research provides valuable insights into the development of effective treatments for future virus pandemics.
Article
Virology
M. Joubert, N. van den Berg, J. Theron, V. Swart
Summary: This study investigated the host gene expression in asymptomatic avocado nursery trees infected with Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) using RNA sequencing. The results showed that 631 genes were differentially expressed during infection, with 63% upregulated. ASBVd infection significantly affected plant defence responses, phytohormone networks, gene expression pathways, secondary metabolism, cellular transport, as well as protein modification and degradation. This study provides insights into the molecular interactions underlying avsunviroid-host interactions.
Article
Virology
Wanling Zhang, Haiyan Yang, Zhengyun Liu, Shengyu Wang, Tianyang Chen, Hong Song, Yunbin Xu, Fajin Li, Guo Luo, Huan Wang
Summary: EV71 infection leads to changes in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in human neuroblastoma cells, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction that may contribute to nervous system dysfunction.
Article
Virology
Mikhail Oliveira Leastro, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima, Vicente Pallas, Jesus Angel Sanchez- Navarro
Summary: This study reports the construction and validation of an infectious cDNA clone of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) based on an agroinfection system. Agro-injected Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed localized lesions similar to the natural infection process. The virus recovered from the infected plant tissue could be mechanically transmitted between plants. The CiLV-C reverse genetic system provides a powerful molecular tool for unraveling the peculiarities of the citrus leprosis pathosystem.
Article
Virology
Manel Essaidi-Laziosi, Francisco J. Perez-Rodriguez, Catia Alvarez, Pascale Sattonnet-Roche, Giulia Torriani, Meriem Bekliz, Kenneth Adea, Matthias Lenk, Tasnim Suliman, Wolfgang Preiser, Marcel A. Mueller, Christian Drosten, Laurent Kaiser, Isabella Eckerle
Summary: This study found that the Omicron variant has different replication characteristics compared to other variants of concern, being able to efficiently produce infectious virus in nasal cells but not lung cells. In addition, the Delta and Omicron variants showed increased infection efficiency in A549 cells. These findings suggest that the variants of concern have better adaptation to humans but do not have an extended host range.
Article
Virology
Martin Faye, Modeste Name Faye, Babacar Ndiaye, Moussa Moise Diagne, Safietou Sankhe, Ndeye Marieme Top, Amadou Diallo, Cheikh Loucoubar, Ndongo Dia, Amadou Alpha Sall, Ousmane Faye
Summary: Genomic surveillance in Senegal since March 2020 has detected the emergence of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages in June 2022. Next-generation sequencing and phylogeny analysis of isolates from a cluster of cases in Northern Senegal in July 2022 revealed that the BA.4 cases originated from a XAS recombinant, marking the first reported sequence of this variant from Senegal. Continuous genomic surveillance of positive SARS-CoV-2 samples is crucial.