Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah A. Purcell, Ryan J. Marker, Marc-Andre Cornier, Edward L. Melanson
Summary: Many breast cancer survivors experience changes in energy balance during and after treatment, potentially influenced by factors such as dietary intake and estrogen suppression. Future research may focus on developing targeted and personalized behavioral interventions to address these specific changes in energy balance.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tingting Lin, Shuyu Zhang, Yuchuan Zhou, Ligang Wu, Xinmei Liu, Hefeng Huang
Summary: The study found that physical exercise can effectively improve the negative impact of obesity on male fertility. Small noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs in germ cells, may play a critical role in the effects of obesity and physical exercise on spermatozoa.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Logan K. Townsend, Gregory R. Steinberg
Summary: Complex multicellular organisms rely on coordinated responses from multiple tissues and endocrine signals to maintain whole-body homeostasis in the face of energetic stressors such as fasting, cold, and exercise. AMPK, a master regulator of nutrient homeostasis, integrates these endocrine signals and controls autophagy, metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids, cholesterol, and proteins. Understanding how AMPK responds to diverse homeostatic challenges helps us comprehend energy balance regulation and metabolic disorders.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Josephine Yu, David Ross Laybutt, Lynn-Jee Kim, Lake-Ee Quek, Lindsay E. Wu, Margaret J. Morris, Neil A. Youngson
Summary: Research has shown that NMN treatment impairs the benefits of exercise in obese mice, affecting glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and hepatic triglyceride accumulation. However, exercising alongside NMN supplementation enhanced the ratio of antioxidants to prooxidants, suggesting that NMN administration may not be beneficial when NAD(+) levels are replete.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jiabao Yan, Cuiru Ren, Yunlong Dong, Jibran A. A. Wali, Hongjie Song, Ying Zhang, Hengrui Zhang, Guangning Kou, David Raubenheimer, Zhenwei Cui
Summary: Ketogenic diet combined with moderate aerobic exercise effectively reduces body weight and fat mass, with no significant adverse effects except for an increase in circulating triglyceride level. Aerobic exercise further improves blood parameters and hepatic condition in mice fed with ketogenic diet.
Review
Cell Biology
Ursula Paula Reno Soci, Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante, Alex Cleber Improta-Caria, Leonardo Roever
Summary: Obesity is a serious global health issue and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is characterized by an increase in adipose tissue, which leads to pathological changes in metabolism, hemodynamics, cytokine secretion, inflammation, and cardiac metabolism. Adipose tissue has heterogeneous locations and performs various anatomical, metabolic, and endocrine functions. MiRNAs play a bidirectional regulatory role between the heart and adipose tissue, affecting metabolism and health conditions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Meng Ding, Hongyu Li, Lan Zheng
Summary: This study focuses on the impact of regular exercise in aging individuals using the fruit fly model, highlighting the potential and challenges in anti-aging research.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lu Ding, Jieying Liu, Liyuan Zhou, Xinhua Xiao
Summary: This article systematically reviewed the effects of maternal exercise on offspring obesity outcomes in adulthood. The results showed that maternal exercise contributes to improved glucose tolerance, reduced insulin concentration, and lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels in adult offspring in mice. However, in rats, maternal exercise leads to a higher body weight in adult offspring, which might be attributed to the high-fat diet of offspring after weaning. These findings further support the metabolic beneficial role of maternal exercise on offspring in adulthood, although the issue of translating the results to the human population is still yet to be addressed.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kartika W. Taroeno-Hariadi, Mardiah S. Hardianti, Hemi Sinorita, Teguh Aryandono
Summary: Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome are closely linked to the incidence of breast cancer, with miRNA possibly playing a crucial role in the processes of obesity and carcinogenesis.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michihiro Kon, Yuko Tanimura
Summary: Aerobic exercise is an effective therapeutic strategy for managing metabolic disorders, but its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of acute aerobic exercise on the levels of CTRP1, CTRP3, CTRP5, and CTRP9 in human participants. The results suggest that acute aerobic exercise may enhance the secretion of CTRP1, CTRP3, CTRP5, and CTRP9 in healthy adults.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Everton Lopes Vogt, Maiza Cristina Von Dentz, Debora Santos Rocha, Jorge Felipe Argenta Model, Lucas Stahlhofer Kowalewski, Diane Silveira, Marjoriane de Amaral, Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt Junior, Luiz Carlos Kucharski, Mauricio Krause, Anapaula Sommer Vinagre
Summary: This study investigated the immediate effects of a single moderate-intensity exercise bout performed in fast or fed states on the metabolism of gastrocnemius and soleus of lean and obese rats. The results showed that exercise and fasting had different effects on the metabolism of the muscles in obese rats, which can promote health benefits in these animals.
Review
Physiology
Lifei Liu, Yuhao Liu, Mei Huang, Miao Zhang, Chenyu Zhu, Xi Chen, Samuel Bennett, Jiake Xu, Jun Zou
Summary: Asprosin is a secreted factor that regulates glucose homeostasis by binding to a specific receptor in liver cells. Recent studies have found that asprosin expression is regulated by exercise. Understanding the role of asprosin in metabolism and its regulation by exercise can provide insights into the mechanisms underlying metabolic disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shalini Mishra, Ashish Kumar, Susy Kim, Yixin Su, Sangeeta Singh, Mitu Sharma, Sameh Almousa, Hilal A. Rather, Heetanshi Jain, Jingyun Lee, Cristina M. Furdui, Sarfaraz Ahmad, Carlos M. Ferrario, Henry A. Punzi, Chia-Chi Chuang, Martin Wabitsch, Stephen B. Kritchevsky, Thomas C. Register, Gagan Deep
Summary: Obesity is a major risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, but there is a lack of techniques to determine the molecular changes in adipose tissue. In this study, we isolated small extracellular vesicles (EVs) from adipose tissue of lean and diet-induced obese mice and identified unique surface proteins. Using these proteins as a signature, we successfully isolated EVs from the blood and validated their specificity. We also demonstrated the pro-inflammatory effect and aberrant amino acid metabolism of EVs from obese individuals.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Klaudia Pawlina-Tyszko, Tomasz Szmatola
Summary: This study compared three bioinformatic algorithms for gene sequencing and found that different programs may generate different results. Validation using RT-qPCR showed strong correlation for some miRNAs. The results demonstrated the good performance of the tested programs, but indicated the possibility of discrepancies between NGS and qPCR methods.
FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jonas Salling Quist, Anders Bue Klein, Kristine Faerch, Kristine Beaulieu, Mads Rosenkilde, Anne Sofie Gram, Anders Sjodin, Signe Torekov, Bente Stallknecht, Christoffer Clemmensen, Martin Baek Blond
Summary: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is involved in appetite control and is increased by acute exercise. However, the effects of exercise training on GDF15 in individuals with overweight/obesity are unclear. This study found that acute exercise increased GDF15 levels, but exercise training did not have the same effect. Higher GDF15 levels were associated with poorer cardiometabolic health but not with appetite. The impact of GDF15 on energy intake and weight management needs further investigation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
L. Andersson, U. Emanuelson, S. Ringmark, C. R. Bjornvad, A. Hedhammar, K. Hoglund
Summary: High body weight in dogs has been linked to developmental and metabolic issues, as well as degenerative diseases. A study found that mean body weight in young adult dogs of different breeds changed significantly over a 10-year period, with around 45% of breeds experiencing notable changes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Stinna Nybroe, Pernille B. Horsman, Kamilla Krag, Therese G. Hosbjerg, Kathrine Stenberg, Bekzod Khakimov, Jorgen Baymler, Charlotte R. Bjornvad, Ida N. Kieler
Summary: This study explored the effects of a commercial diet containing the probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 on the health of dogs. The results showed that the probiotic diet reduced the occurrence of soft stools and decreased serum cholesterol levels. Most observed effects were related to the diet itself, regardless of the inclusion of the probiotic.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Kathrine Hojte Dahl, Mette Kreutzfeldt Zebis, Anne Desire Vitger, James Edward Miles, Tine Alkjaer
Summary: This scoping review aimed to identify the non-invasive methods for canine muscle function assessments that have been reported in the literature in the past 10 years. A total of 139 studies were included, and 18 different muscle function assessment categories were identified, with cranial cruciate ligament rupture or disease (CCLD) being the most commonly reported disease state. The clinical relevance and practical applicability of these methods were subjectively assessed.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Therese Fitzwilliams, Julie L. L. Wolff-Sneedorff, Merete Fredholm, Peter Karlskov-Mortensen, Bernt Guldbrandtsen, Camilla S. S. Bruun
Summary: Cystinuria is a genetic disease that can lead to cystine urolith formation and the English bulldog is the most commonly affected breed. This study investigated the occurrence of three mutations associated with cystinuria in the Danish population of English bulldogs and found a significant association between the c.568A>G and c.2086A>G mutations and cystinuria in male English bulldogs.
Article
Fisheries
Sara Zaldivar-Lopez, Juber Herrera-Uribe, Rocio Bautista, Angeles Jimenez, Angela Moreno, M. Gonzalo Claros, Juan J. Garrido
Summary: Salmonella infection induces transcriptional and phosphorylation changes in neutrophils, leading to increased neutrophil survival, decreased immune response, and impaired intracellular vesicle transport. These changes are mediated by overexpression of virulence factors and affect JAK/STAT, toll-like receptor, MAPK, interferons I and II signaling pathways. The results also suggest that Salmonella inhibits proinflammatory cytokine receptor genes, activates p53 signaling and NFκB-proteasome pathways, and downregulates the expression of STAT1 and STAT2. These findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of Salmonella Typhimurium infection.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elizabeth Mannion, Christian Ritz, Paola G. Ferrario
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joseph Mbabazi, Hannah Pesu, Rolland Mutumba, Gareth McCray, Kim F. Michaelsen, Christian Ritz, Suzanne Filteau, Andre Briend, Ezekiel Mupere, Benedikte Grenov, Henrik Friis, Mette Frahm Olsen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of milk protein (MP) versus soy and whey permeate (WP) versus maltodextrin in large-quantity, lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS), as well as LNS itself versus no supplementation, on child development and head circumference among stunted children aged 1-5 years. The results showed that neither MP nor WP had an effect on any developmental domain. Although LNS itself had no impact on development, it resulted in a 0.07cm increase in head circumference.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suvi T. Kangas, Issa Niamanto Coulibaly, Zachary Tausanovitch, Bareye Ouologuem, Bethany Marron, Elizabeth Radin, Christian Ritz, Salimou Dembele, Cesaire T. Ouedraogo, Jeanette Bailey
Summary: The study aimed to determine the incidence of relapse and associated factors among children recovering from acute malnutrition using the ComPAS protocol. A cohort of 420 children with a MUAC >= 125 mm was monitored for 6 months. The cumulative incidence of relapse was 26.1% for MUAC < 125 mm and/or edema and 1.7% for MUAC < 115 mm and/or edema. Factors such as lower anthropometry at admission and discharge, more illness episodes per month, and certain socio-economic factors were associated with relapse.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sofie Hauerberg Henninger, Anna Yde Fibieger, Faidon Magkos, Christian Ritz
Summary: Current treatment options for overweight and obesity rely on strict diet and exercise regimes, making it difficult to sustain as a lifelong routine. This study explored the effects of mindful eating and YogaDance, individually and in combination, as alternative approaches to manage obesity. The findings suggest modest benefits of an 8-week combination of mindful eating and YogaDance, supporting previous research on the effectiveness of mindful eating, yoga, and dance.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Louise Brogaard, Janne. G. G. Lyngby, Annemarie. T. T. Kristensen, Merete Fredholm, Charlotte R. Bjornvad, Silke Salavati Schmitz, Ellen Skancke, Joanna. S. S. Morris, Nana Dupont, David Argyle, Armand Sanchez, Anette Spohr, Kasper Graarup-Hansen, Lise. N. N. Nielsen, Susanna Cirera
Summary: Serum miR-223-3p shows potential as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for gastrointestinal cancer in cats, as well as a tool for differentiating chronic inflammatory enteropathies and small cell lymphoma. However, fecal miRNAs are not able to distinguish between gastrointestinal cancer and chronic inflammatory enteropathies.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rolland Mutumba, Hannah Pesu, Joseph Mbabazi, Eva Greibe, Mette F. Olsen, Andre Briend, Christian Molgaard, Christian Ritz, Nicolette Nabukeera-Barungi, Ezekiel Mupere, Suzanne Filteau, Henrik Friis, Benedikte Grenov
Summary: This study assessed the correlates of iron, cobalamin, folate, and vitamin A biomarkers in stunted children in eastern Uganda. The results showed that these children have deficiencies in iron, cobalamin, and vitamin A. Therefore, interventions addressing stunting should also target these micronutrient deficiencies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victor Nikiema, Suvi T. Kangas, Cecile Salpeteur, Andre Briend, Leisel Talley, Henrik Friis, Christian Ritz, Ebba Nexo, Adrian Mccann
Summary: In children with severe acute malnutrition, treatment with RUTF improved B12 status but did not fully correct deficiency. Breastfed children had lower B12 status compared to non-breastfed children.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rolland Mutumba, Joseph Mbabazi, Hannah Pesu, Eva Greibe, Mette F. Olsen, Andre Briend, Christian Molgaard, Christian Ritz, Ezekiel Mupere, Suzanne Filteau, Henrik Friis, Benedikte Grenov
Summary: Anemia is common among stunted children in eastern Uganda, and micronutrient deficiencies, inflammation, and malaria are associated with low hemoglobin levels.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Erling Strandberg, Linda Andersson, Ulf Emanuelson, Charlotte Reinhard Bjornvad, Sara Ringmark, Ake Hedhammar, Katja Hoglund
Summary: This study investigated the genetic variation of body weight within different dog breeds and found that on average about 50% of the total variation in body weight between dogs, within a breed, depends on genetic differences. There were rather small changes over time in the genetic predisposition for high or low body weight. In conclusion, body weight in dogs is highly heritable, but there is very little selection on it.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
L. Alibrandi, R. Tognetti, O. Domenech, M. Croce, M. Giuntoli, G. Grosso, T. Vezzosi
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility and diagnostic reliability of a new smartphone-based ECG device in dogs, and found no significant differences compared to a traditional ECG device. The results suggest that the smartphone-based device is clinically reliable for assessing heart rate and rhythm in dogs.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2024)