Review
Biology
Lilla Horvath, Noemi Nemeth, Gergely Feher, Zsuzsanna Kives, Dora Endrei, Imre Boncz
Summary: The past decades have seen a significant increase in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Peripheral artery disease (PAD), which is strongly age-related, is estimated to become more prevalent in the future. PAD shares risk factors with coronary and cerebrovascular diseases and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in treatment, the prevalence of PAD continues to rise, and data from LMICs are scarce.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shih-Hao Feng, Ya-Ping Huang, Kuo-Cheng Yeh, Shin-Liang Pan
Summary: The study found that patients with osteoporosis are at increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease, especially among women.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hussein Sakr, Zenat Khired, Marzieh Moghadas
Summary: This study examined the effect of a wheat grain diet on bone turnover markers in rats. The results showed that rats fed whole or refined grains had lower bone density and mineral content compared to the control group. Additionally, levels of bone turnover indicators in the blood were altered, indicating a decrease in bone turnover and mass with a grain diet.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nasser M. Al-Daghri, Syed Danish Hussain, Abdullah M. Alnaami, Naji Aljohani, Shaun Sabico
Summary: Osteoporosis is a significant public health concern in Saudi Arabia, particularly among the aging population. This study examined the association between dietary calcium intake and osteoporosis risk in Saudi adults. Results showed that the overall mean calcium intake was very low and that certain dietary factors, such as tea intake and consumption of fish and eggs, were associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anurag Mehta, Devinder S. Dhindsa, Ananya Hooda, Aditi Nayak, Chris S. Massad, Birju Rao, Leyla Fowe Makue, Ravi R. Rajani, Olamide Alabi, Arshed A. Quyyumi, Guillermo A. Escobar, Bryan J. Wells, Laurence S. Sperling
Summary: Premature atherosclerotic peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the lower extremities, diagnosed before the age of 50, is increasing globally and often goes underdiagnosed. Patients with premature PAD have aggressive vascular disease progression, high burden of cardiovascular risk factors, and the main management goals are prevention of cardiovascular events, improvement of symptoms and functional status, and prevention of adverse limb events.
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leili Behrooz, Abdelrhman Abumoawad, Syed Husain M. Rizvi, Naomi M. Hamburg
Summary: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with poor outcomes, including cardiovascular morbidity, lower quality of life, and increased healthcare utilization. Cigarette smoking, a preventable risk factor, is strongly linked to disease progression and worse post-procedural outcomes in PAD patients. Measures to reduce smoking and promote cessation could greatly benefit patients with PAD.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Jowko, Barbara Dlugolecka, Igor Cieslinski, Jadwiga Kotowska
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify relevant factors that affect bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in young, healthy men reaching peak bone mass. The results showed that age, BMI, engaging in combat and team sports at a competitive level, and certain genetic polymorphisms were significant predictors of BMD/BMC at different skeletal sites. Specifically, the SOD2 AG genotype was associated with lower BMC values, while the VDR FokI GG genotype was associated with lower BMD. However, the CALCR AG genotype was linked to higher arm BMD. These findings suggest that sports training may mitigate the negative impact of genetic factors on bone tissue and reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elham Kazemian, Ali Pourali, Fatemeh Sedaghat, Mehrdad Karimi, Vahid Basirat, Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh, Sayed Hossein Davoodi, Michael F. Holick
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of vitamin D-3 supplementation on bone health in adults. The results showed a protective effect of vitamin D-3 supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip. Dose-response analysis revealed a linear relationship between vitamin D-3 supplementation doses and BMD. However, no significant effect of vitamin D-3 supplementation on whole-body or total hip BMD was found. The relationship between vitamin D-3 supplement doses and markers of bone turnover was nonlinear.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathryn Frost, Amy J. Naylor, Helen M. McGettrick
Summary: Bone remodelling is a dynamically regulated process involving osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their progenitors. Dysregulation of bone remodelling can lead to disorders like osteoporosis and Paget's disease. The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway has been identified as an important regulator of bone remodelling and inflammatory responses. This review discusses the role of S1P in bone homeostasis and disease, highlighting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sang Heon Suh, Tae Ryom Oh, Hong Sang Choi, Eun Mi Yang, Chang Seong Kim, Eun Hui Bae, Seong Kwon Ma, Kook-Hwan Oh, Young Youl Hyun, Suah Sung, Soo Wan Kim
Summary: This study indicates that there is a clear association between low BMD and all-cause mortality in patients with nondialysis CKD. Osteoporosis is significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, while osteopenia does not have a significant association. This suggests that the routine measurement of BMD may have additional benefits beyond predicting fracture risk in this population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel Messiha, Olga Petrikhovich, Julia Lortz, Amir Abbas Mahabadi, Ramona Hering, Mandy Schulz, Tienush Rassaf, Christos Rammos
Summary: Economic status has a significant impact on cardiovascular health, with higher prevalence of PAD in low-income areas. Low-income patients are more likely to receive outpatient care and guideline-recommended pharmacotherapy, while high-income patients are more likely to seek outpatient vascular surgery.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alicia R. Jones, Koen Simons, Susan Harvey, Vivian Grill
Summary: Individuals with primary hyperparathyroidism have reduced cortical bone mineral density, but relatively preserved trabecular bone density. However, their fracture risk is still increased. Trabecular bone score may provide a more accurate assessment of bone quality and fracture risk. This study compared the effectiveness of bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in describing bone quality in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, and also evaluated changes in trabecular bone score following parathyroidectomy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kazuyoshi Shigehara, Kouji Izumi, Yoshifumi Kadono, Atsushi Mizokami
Summary: Bone fracture due to osteoporosis is a significant issue for elderly men, and testosterone replacement therapy has shown benefits in improving bone mineral density in symptomatic hypogonadal men with osteopenia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xiaowen Zhang, Warrington W. Q. Hsu, Chor-Wing Sing, Gloria H. Y. Li, Kathryn C. B. Tan, Annie W. C. Kung, Janus S. H. Wong, Ian Chi-Kei Wong, Ching-Lung Cheung
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk of incident dementia, and found that higher BMD was associated with a reduced risk of dementia, particularly in women. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of BMD in predicting and managing dementia.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Galvez-Fernandez, Maria Grau-Perez, Tamara Garcia-Barrera, Sara Ramirez-Acosta, Jose L. Gomez-Ariza, Beatriz Perez-Gomez, Inaki Galan-Labaca, Ana Navas-Acien, Josep Redon, Laisa S. Briongos-Figuero, Antonio Duenas-Laita, Jose Luis Perez-Castrillon, Maria Tellez-Plaza, Juan Carlos Martin-Escudero
Summary: The study evaluated the association between arsenic, cadmium, and selenium biomarkers with bone mineral density. Results showed that selenium was associated with BMD-related disease, while arsenic and cadmium were not. The non-linear association of selenium with BMD-related disease included a strong positive association with osteoporosis-related bone fractures risk at higher selenium exposure levels.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Zachary A. Matthay, Eric J. Smith, Colleen P. Flanagan, Bian Wu, Mahmoud B. Malas, Jade S. Hiramoto, Michael S. Conte, James C. Iannuzzi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between intraoperative and perioperative transfusion, anemia, and cardiovascular risk factors with cardiovascular events and mortality in patients undergoing infrainguinal revascularization. The results showed that intraoperative and early perioperative transfusions were strongly associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes after the surgery.
ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Isaac N. Naazie, Isibor Arhuidese, Mohammad S. Abdelgawwad, Jonathan Unkart, Michael S. Conte, Mahmoud B. Malas
Summary: Different patterns of RAASI usage have different associations with outcomes in patients undergoing lower extremity bypass for peripheral arterial disease. Isolated preoperative RAASI use is associated with worse mortality and amputation-free survival, while continuous RAASI use is associated with improved outcomes.
ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Sanuja Bose, Chen Dun, Rebecca Sorber, David P. Stonko, Alex J. Solomon, James H. Black, Ying-Wei Lum, Michael S. Conte, Martin A. Makary, Caitlin W. Hicks
Summary: This study examined the practice patterns of tibial peripheral vascular interventions (PVIs) for the treatment of claudication in the United States. The results showed that tibial PVI was mainly performed by nonvascular surgeons in high-volume practices and high-reimbursement settings. There is a need to reevaluate the indications, education, and reimbursement policies surrounding these procedures.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Clara Gomez-Sanchez, Evan Werlin, Thomas Sorrentino, Rym El Khoury, Elizabeth Lancaster, Charles Parks, Brooke Goodman, Monara Dini, James Iannuzzi, Alexander Reyzelman, Michael S. Conte, Warren Gasper
Summary: For CLTI patients requiring TMA, an initial open approach to revascularization is associated with improved healing and higher rates of ambulation compared with endovascular interventions.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Katherine M. Sanders, Joyce H. Nacario, Eric J. T. Smith, Emanuel A. Jaramillo, Elizabeth M. Lancaster, Jade S. Hiramoto, Michael S. Conte, James C. Iannuzzi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of structured discharge documentation on sex-based disparities. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the proportion of male and female patients prescribed statins after the implementation of structured discharge documentation. Female patients had a higher odds of being prescribed statins at discharge. The study demonstrated the significant role of regional quality improvement projects in eliminating gender disparities among patients.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Iris H. Liu, Rym El Khoury, Bian Wu, Warren J. Gasper, Peter A. Schneider, Jade S. Hiramoto, Shant M. Vartanian, Michael S. Conte
Summary: The SVS WIfI limb staging system is used for risk estimation of major amputation in CLTI and for outcomes comparisons. This retrospective study of 413 CLTI patients who underwent infrainguinal revascularization found that presenting WIfI stage is strongly associated with long-term risks of major amputation and death. Furthermore, effective revascularization is critical in stage 4 disease, and autogenous vein bypass provides durable long-term limb preservation.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Jeffrey J. Siracuse, Vincent L. Rowe, Matthew T. Menard, Kenneth Rosenfield, Michael S. Conte, Richard Powell, Leonardo C. Clavijo, Kristina A. Giles, Taye H. Hamza, Max Van Over, Mark Cziraky, Christopher J. White, Michael B. Strong, Alik Farber
Summary: This study investigated the impact of wounds, ischemia, and foot infection on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI). The results showed that WIfI stage was negatively associated with mental health-related quality of life. Clinicians should be aware of the psychological burden borne by patients with severe limb impairment.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Nicholas Govsyeyev, Mark Nehler, Michael S. Conte, Sebastian Debus, Jayer Chung, Walter Dorigo, Ivan Gudz, Dainis Krievins, Joseph Mills, Frans Moll, Lars Norgren, Gabriele Piffaretti, Rick Powell, David Szalay, Henrik Sillesen, Max Wohlauer, Michael Szarek, Rupert M. Bauersachs, Sonia S. Anand, Manesh R. Patel, Warren H. Capell, Nicole Jaeger, Connie N. Hess, Eva Muehlhofer, Lloyd P. Haskell, Scott D. Berkowitz, Marc P. Bonaca
Summary: The use of rivaroxaban in patients with PAD undergoing lower extremity revascularization surgery significantly reduced the risk of adverse limb and cardiovascular events. Patients with prosthetic conduits had higher rates of adverse events compared to those with venous conduits, but rivaroxaban was effective regardless of conduit type. However, rivaroxaban increased the risk of bleeding.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Surgery
Michael S. Conte
SEMINARS IN VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Justin Chin-Bong Choi, Jorge Miranda, Erin Greenleaf, Michael S. Conte, Marie D. Gerhard-Herman, Joseph L. Mills, Neal R. Barshes
Summary: This study used the WIfI system to predict limb loss and peripheral artery disease in patients with foot ulcers or gangrene. It found that a toe-brachial index <0.7 and minimum ankle-brachial index <0.9 were effective in identifying patients with severe disease, with high sensitivity rates. The diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive measures varied in identifying different degrees of disease. It also found that the presence of medial artery calcification significantly reduced the sensitivity of other noninvasive parameters.
Article
Surgery
Clara M. Gomez-Sanchez, Michael S. Conte
Summary: Chronic limb-threatening ischemia is difficult to treat due to the complexity of patients, diversity of limb presentations, and complicated arterial pathology. Vascular surgeons require a wide range of skills to tailor interventions to the specific needs of each patient. Inframalleolar bypass is a tool for patients with extensive arterial occlusive disease below the knee, but it requires systematic surgical planning and a high level of technical competence. We describe our approach to inframalleolar bypass for limb preservation in suitable patients with advanced tibial artery disease.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY CASES INNOVATIONS AND TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Scott D. J. Solomon, Charles J. S. Lowenstein, Ankeet S. Bhatt, Alexander Peikert, Orly N. Vardeny, Mikhail N. S. Kosiborod, Jeffrey S. R. Berger, Harmony R. Reynolds, Stephanie Mavromichalis, Anya D. Barytol, Andrew D. F. Althouse, James F. S. Luther, Eric S. L. Leifer, Andrei L. Kindzelski, Mary N. Cushman, Michelle N. Z. Gong, Lucy Z. Kornblith, Pooja S. Khatri, Keri S. Kim, Lisa Baumann Kreuziger, Lana Wahid, Bridget-Anne W. Kirwan, Mark W. D. Geraci, Matthew D. S. Neal, Judith S. Hochman
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of using the P-selectin inhibitor crizanlizumab in reducing mortality and disease progression in COVID-19 patients. However, the results showed that the drug did not improve organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel Y. Choi, Dena Hayes, Samuel D. Maidman, Nehal Dhaduk, Jill E. Jacobs, Anna Shmukler, Jeffrey S. Berger, Germaine Cuff, David Rehe, Mitchell Lee, Robert Donnino, Nathaniel R. Smilowitz
Summary: Preoperative cardiovascular risk stratification before noncardiac surgery is a common clinical challenge. Coronary calcium obtained from nongated chest CT imaging can improve preoperative clinical risk stratification before noncardiac surgery.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Muhammad Haisum Maqsood, Franz H. Messerli, Adam H. Skolnick, Jonathan D. Newman, Jeffrey S. Berger, Sripal Bangalore
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of morning versus evening dosing of antihypertensive drugs and found that evening dosing significantly reduced ambulatory blood pressure parameters and cardiovascular events, but this effect was mainly driven by trials by the Hermida group. Therefore, the timing of antihypertensive drug administration should be chosen based on convenience and minimizing undesirable effects.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Katharine L. McGinigle, Matthew T. Menard, Michael S. Conte
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
