Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marianne Destoop, Lise Docx, Manuel Morrens, Geert Dom
Summary: Contingency management shows potential effectiveness on abstinence for patients with SUD and (severe) psychotic disorders, although the number of studies is limited. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm its sustained effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jesse Dallery, Lindsey Ives, Alexandra Knerr
Summary: Digital contingency management utilizes remote methods to obtain biochemical confirmation of drug status and provide tangible consequences based on abstinence. Advances in digital CM include technological capabilities, specialized companies, policies and reimbursement models, and increasing availability of resources. It has expanded to include illicit substance misuse and diverse high-risk groups, and culturally responsive methods may enhance uptake and engagement.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephen T. Higgins
Summary: This Special Issue focuses on Contingency Management (CM), an efficacious intervention for substance use disorders and other behavioral health conditions. The issue highlights recent developments in overcoming implementation obstacles and presents promising advances in treating difficult-to-treat problems.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Gabriela K. Khazanov, Sarah E. Forster, Dominick DePhilippis, James R. McKay
Summary: Individuals with psychiatric disorders often struggle to engage in treatment, but financial incentives can improve treatment outcomes. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs recently implemented successful incentive-based interventions in substance use disorder treatment, and other healthcare systems can learn from this experience and apply similar approaches to other psychiatric disorders.
PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Rory A. Pfund, Jemma E. Cook, Nicholas W. McAfee, Sally L. Huskinson, Jefferson D. Parker
Summary: This article discusses an outpatient CM treatment program for substance use disorders and the challenges associated with adherence to CM parameters from research protocols. Possible solutions for these challenges are proposed, along with implications for practice.
PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Taghrid Asfar, Maria Luisa Alcaide, Deborah L. Jones, Laura A. McClure, Judson Brewer, David J. Lee, Adam Carrico
Summary: Objectives Cigarette smoking rates among people living with HIV (PLWH) in the US is triple that of the general population. PLWH smokers are a high-risk group for smoking-related health disparities and should be a prime focus for smoking cessation efforts. Our team has developed a novel evidence-based Mindfulness Training (MT) smoking cessation smartphone application (app), Craving-to-Quit. Using qualitative focus groups among PLWH smokers, this study aims to tailor and optimize the app's content and design to PLWH's unique psychosocial profile and needs.
Methods We conducted 8 focus groups among PLWH smokers (n = 59; 47.5% females; >= 18 years) to gain insight into participants' perceptions about the app, MT, and the feasibility and acceptability of adding two additional strategies (CM: Contingency Management; self-monitoring of anti-retroviral therapies intake [ART]) to further optimize the app.
Results Most participants were non-Hispanic black (67.8%), on a federal health insurance program (61.0%). Participants considered it easy to learn the app and thought that MT is helpful in reducing stress and motivating quit attempts and were supportive of adding CM and recommended providing $20-$50 weekly cash incentives to help in quitting. Participants felt that adding self-monitoring of ART is helpful but were concerned about confidentiality in case they lost their phone. Participants recommended making the app cost-free and adding information about smoking cessation medications and the negative effects of smoking among PLWH.
Conclusions Findings will guide the development of a novel multi-component smoking cessation intervention app integrating MT, CM, and ART self-monitoring strategies. This intervention has the potential to address several barriers to quitting in PLWH. Further clinical research is needed to test this intervention.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kimberly C. Kirby, Matthew J. Dwyer, Connor Burrows, Dustin A. Fife, Elena Bresani, Mary Tabit, Bethany R. Raiff
Summary: The study found that SUD treatment providers and the public have a higher acceptance of health care incentives compared to medical treatment providers. Medical treatment providers are less likely to endorse incentives to treat legal and illicit substance use.
JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jason P. Connor, Daniel Stjepanovic, Bernard Le Foll, Eva Hoch, Alan J. Budney, Wayne D. Hall
Summary: Cannabis use disorder affects approximately 10% of global cannabis users, and while there are treatment methods available, enduring abstinence is not common. Legalization of non-medical cannabis use may increase the prevalence of CUD.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elisa Hollenberg, Ali Bani-Fatemi, Anna Durbin, David Castle, Nicole Kozloff, Carolyn Ziegler, Vicky Stergiopoulos
Summary: People experiencing homelessness (PEH) often face multiple barriers to accessing health services and have high rates of acute and chronic health conditions. Financial incentive (FI) interventions have the potential to improve treatment retention, adherence, and other health outcomes for PEH. Existing research shows that FI interventions have promise in decreasing substance use, preventing infectious diseases, promoting health behavior change, and achieving general health goals for PEH. However, there is limited research on the efficacy of cash versus non-cash FIs, long-term outcomes, and impacts.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Carsten Hjorthoj, Maria Oku Larsen, Marie Stefanie Kejser Starzer, Merete Nordentoft
Summary: The study indicates that the incidence rate of cannabis-induced psychosis is increasing year by year, which is related to the increase in THC content and cannabis use. Dual diagnosis (schizophrenia and cannabis use disorder) is also on the rise, while the incidence rate of alcohol-induced psychosis is decreasing. There is no significant trend in the incidence of psychosis induced by other substances.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jean-Francois Etter
Summary: Large financial incentives increase motivation to quit smoking in smokers who failed to quit despite receiving incentives. This intervention leads to higher intention to quit and more frequent quit attempts, but has no impact on cigarette dependence scores.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Freda Scheffler, Lebogang Phahladira, Hilmar Luckhoff, Stefan du Plessis, Laila Asmal, Sanja Kilian, Marta Di Forti, Robin Murray, Robin Emsley
Summary: The study found that there were no significant differences in baseline symptom severity and treatment outcomes between cannabis users and non-users in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, as the frequency of cannabis use increased during treatment, the risk of relapse also increased.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Victoria C. Patterson, Philip G. Tibbo, Sherry H. Stewart, Joel Town, Candice E. Crocker, Zenovia Ursuliak, Siranda Lee, Jason Morrison, Sabina Abidi, Kara Dempster, Maria Alexiadis, Neal Henderson, Alissa Pencer
Summary: This study aims to test an adapted prolonged exposure protocol to observe if individuals with early phase psychosis and comorbid substance misuse experience reductions in adversity-related psychopathology.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Bryce A. Fournier, Leonardo F. Andrade
Summary: Physical inactivity is linked to various health problems, but only a small percentage of adults reach the recommended levels of physical activity. This study examined a multicomponent intervention that used monetary incentives to increase physical exercise and found that the intervention may be feasible and effective at increasing moderate physical activity levels.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Melina Wiedmann, Soeren Kuitunen-Paul, Lukas A. Basedow, Veit Roessner, Yulia Golub
Summary: Among adolescent SUD patients, MDMA use in addition to cannabis use is associated with APS, while cannabis use is not related to APS. Cannabis may increase the risk for psychosis after a longer period of use and in combination with other risk factors, such as trauma history. Clinicians should screen for APS among SUD patients using MDMA and cannabis in order to adapt treatment plans of SUDs.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Deepiksana Keerthy, Joht Singh Chandan, Juste Abramovaite, Krishna Margadhamane Gokhale, Siddhartha Bandyopadhyay, Ed Day, Steven Marwaha, Matthew R. Broome, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Clara Humpston
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between cannabis exposure and the risks of mental illness diagnoses or treatment and finds that cannabis exposure is associated with an increased risk of developing mental health disorders.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Isabel Morales-Munoz, Brooklyn Ashdown-Doel, Emily Beazley, Camilla Carr, Cristina Preece, Steven Marwaha
Summary: This study found that mothers with postnatal depression are more likely to have offspring with anxiety at 10 years old, and mothers with postnatal anxiety are more likely to have offspring with psychotic experiences at 12/13 years old.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Rebecca Appleton, Phoebe Barnett, Norha Vera San Juan, Elizabeth Tuudah, Natasha Lyons, Jennie Parker, Emily Roxburgh, Spyros Spyridonidis, Millie Tamworth, Minnie Worden, Melisa Yilmaz, Nick Sevdalis, Brynmor Lloyd-Evans, Justin J. J. Needle, Sonia Johnson
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the rapid adoption of telemental health care, but there are significant variations and barriers in its implementation. This review aimed to identify strategies for effective implementation and evaluate their impact.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Panos Katakis, Merle Schlief, Phoebe Barnett, Luke Sheridan Rains, Sarah Rowe, Steve Pilling, Sonia Johnson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions delivered in community and outpatient settings in treating symptoms associated with 'personality disorder', and the moderating effects of treatment-related variables. The results showed that these interventions effectively reduced symptoms of 'borderline personality disorder', anxiety, depression, and global psychiatric symptoms, with all therapeutic approaches showing similar effectiveness. Therefore, mental health services should provide specialized treatments for individuals with complex emotional needs according to availability and patient preferences.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zoe Chui, Daniel D. Leightley, Margaret Jones, Sabine T. Landau, Paul McCrone, Richard Hayes, Simon Wessely, Nicola Fear, Laura Goodwin
Summary: Accidents are the most common cause of death among UK military personnel. This study found that mental health problems, such as common mental disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder, were associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions for accidents and injuries. Additionally, smoking was also associated with more visits to accident and emergency departments. Therefore, healthcare professionals should consider mental health and health damaging behaviors when treating military personnel after an accident.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Paul McCrone
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Lucy Pollyanna Goldsmith, Katie Anderson, Geraldine Clarke, Chloe Crowe, Heather Jarman, Sonia Johnson, Jo Lomani, David McDaid, A-La Park, Jared G. Smith, Steven Gillard
Summary: Internationally, hospital-based short-stay crisis units have been introduced to provide a safe space for stabilisation and further assessment for those in psychiatric crisis. This study assessed changes to service use following a service user's first visit to a unit, characterised the population accessing these units, and examined equality of access to the units. The results showed that short-stay crisis units are typically accessed by a young population, including those who previously were unknown to mental health services, who proceed to access a broader range of mental health services following discharge.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Primary Health Care
Judy Shakespeare, Sharon Dixon, Steven Marwaha
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abhinav Kumar, Amrit Sanghera, Balpreet Sanghera, Tahira Mohamed, Ariella Midgen, Sophie Pattison, Louise Marston, Melvyn M. Jones
Summary: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of myocardial infarction but may experience less chest pain, leading to delayed treatment and worse outcomes. A meta-analysis of 22 studies showed that patients with diabetes mellitus are less likely to have chest pain during myocardial infarction compared to those without.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Larisa Duffy, Louise Marston, Gemma Lewis, Glyn Lewis
Summary: We developed a retrospective Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (rCIS-R) to assess depression relapse in the previous 12 weeks, and found that it has excellent test-retest reliability and construct validity. The rCIS-R can be used in randomized controlled trials due to its simplicity and self-report format.
Article
Psychiatry
Joseph Botham, Alan Simpson, Paul McCrone
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the costs of care for individuals with a personality disorder diagnosis, and compare service use and costs between those receiving specialist input and those receiving generic care. Service use data was collected from records and costs were calculated. Comparisons were made between individuals receiving care from specialist personality disorder teams and those who did not. Regression modeling identified demographic and clinical factors that predicted costs. Results showed that mean total costs before diagnosis were £10,156 for the specialist group and £11,531 for the non-specialist group. Post-diagnosis costs were £24,017 and £22,266 respectively. Costs were associated with specialist care, comorbid conditions, and living outside of London.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chris Hollis, Charlotte L. Hall, Kareem Khan, Marie Le Novere, Louise Marston, Rebecca Jones, Rachael Hunter, Beverley J. Brown, Charlotte Sanderson, Per Andren, Sophie Bennett, Liam R. Chamberlain, Bethan Davies, Amber Evans, Natalia Kouzoupi, Caitlin Mckenzie, Isobel Heyman, Joseph Kilgariff, Cristine Glazebrook, David Mataix-Cols, Eva Serlachius, Elizabeth Murray, Tara Murphy
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an online-delivered, therapist- and parent-supported therapy for young people with tic disorders. The results showed that this therapy was clinically and cost-effective in reducing tics, with durable benefits extending up to 18 months.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Larisa Duffy, Gemma Lewis, Louise Marston, Tony Kendrick, David Kessler, Michael Moore, Nicola Wiles, Glyn Lewis
Summary: The number of previous episodes and residual symptoms of depression were associated with an increased likelihood of relapse, while older age of onset was associated with a reduced rate of relapse.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Gianna Cadorna, Norha Vera San Juan, Heather Staples, Sonia Johnson, Rebecca Appleton
Summary: Emergency departments have been unable to meet the mental health needs of young people, exacerbating their distress and making them feel like a burden or unworthy of treatment, with consequent poor outcomes.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Antonio Rojas-Garcia, Christian Dalton-Locke, Luke Sheridan Rains, Ceri Dare, Cedric Ginestet, Una Foye, Kathleen Kelly, Sabine Landau, Chris Lynch, Paul Mccrone, Shilpa Nairi, Karen Newbigging, Patrick Nyikavaranda, David Osborn, Karen Persaud, Nick Sevdalis, Martin Stefan, Ruth Stuart, Alan Simpson, Sonia Johnson, Brynmor Lloyd-Evans
Summary: This study aims to develop a typology of mental health crisis care systems and explore the relationship between crisis care service models and psychiatric hospital admissions and detentions.
