Article
Engineering, Geological
Kai Cui, Dongjie Zhang, Pangju Li, Qionglin Li, Haodong Zhang, Yulan Qing
Summary: A series of cyclic triaxial tests were conducted to investigate the accumulation behavior of coarse-grained soil (CGS) under different initial static stress states. The results show that specimens with higher initial stress ratios or lower confining stresses exhibit greater accumulated axial strain under identical cyclic loading. The plastic shakedown limits were identified, indicating that higher initial stress ratios or lower confining pressures result in lower plastic shakedown limits. Furthermore, the stress states at the plastic shakedown limit for soils with various initial stress states were plotted in the p-q plane and showed a convergence towards a straight line approximately parallel to the strength envelope. A unified plastic shakedown criterion is proposed for soils under different initial stress states, providing a simple method to predict the plastic shakedown limit.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xiao Liu, Shaoqing Wei, Yi Shi, Fang Liu, Chao Zhou, Qianbo Li, Yijie Li, Linfei Liu, Zhixiang Shi, Li Ren, Ying Xu, Pu Duan, Zhixing Yang, Junyi Ge, Yanpeng Qi, Yuntao Song, HuaJun Liu, Zhan Zhang, Jinggang Qin
Summary: A FeSe0.5Te0.5 coated conductor with copper encapsulation was developed to enhance its mechanical performance. The copper encapsulated conductor showed improved critical performance and a higher irreversible tensile strain limit compared to the bare conductor.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Yugui Cao, Longlong Li, Muyu Liu, Yufei Wu
Summary: The study found that under CFRP confinement, the compressive strength and ultimate strain of rubber concrete decrease with increasing rubber volume replacement ratio, while the stiffness of confinement also decreases with increasing rubber content.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yafeng Li, Rusong Nie, Wuming Leng, Yipeng Guo, Junli Dong, Baoli Sun
Summary: This research studied the effect of intermittent cyclic loading of trains on the permanent deformation behaviors, established the classification criterion for strain behaviors, and proposed a practical method for estimating the critical dynamic stress under intermittent loading.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Kyu Song, Nak-Kyun Cho, Keun Park, Chung-Soo Kim
Summary: This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of PDMS films under both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions. The test results show that the monotonic elastic modulus of the films is not affected by thickness and tensile loading, while the cyclic elastic modulus varies depending on experimental parameters. By defining appropriate material parameters, the stress-strain behaviors of the PDMS films can be simulated, and reliable material coefficients for evaluating the structural integrity of the films using finite element technique are provided.
Article
Mechanics
Klajdi Toska, Flora Faleschini
Summary: This study analyzed the experimental behavior of confined concrete specimens subjected to axial cyclic load, revealing that the stress-strain curves obtained with cyclic loading coincide with the monotonic curve. The stress-strain curve of FRCM-confined concrete has been modeled according to three different behaviors exhibited in this experimental campaign, including purely softening, softening with plateau, and hardening.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mairaj Hyder Alias Aamir Soomro, Buddhima Indraratna, Shivakumar Karekal
Summary: This paper introduces a new concept of critical shear strain of rock joint under cyclic loading and emphasizes its role in evaluating the sliding potential of rock joint. A series of cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on a cylindrical rock joint specimen, and experimental results indicate that the onset of instability of rock joint is suppressed beyond a threshold value of critical shear strain. The critical strain concept is extended to rock joints and a semiempirical model is suggested to quantify the critical shear strain, considering the effect of joint roughness coefficient, cyclic loading amplitude, and the number of loading cycles. Additionally, a rational classification of Joint Sliding Potential based on critical shear strain and normalized total shear strain is proposed to characterize the cyclic loading induced sliding instability of a rock discontinuity.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jan Kraft, Michael Vormwald
Summary: In this study, a method is introduced to combine incremental notch approximation methods with a cyclic plasticity model to improve numerical stability and lower computational effort. The proposed solution algorithm is applied to three known incremental notch approximation methods and validated through comparison with finite element calculations of a notched component. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method for both proportional and non-proportional load cases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yueming Sun, Jin Fang, Andres E. Pantoja, Rodney A. Badcock, Nicholas J. Long, Zhenan Jiang
Summary: Commercial high-T-c superconducting coated conductors exhibit asymmetric I-c(B,theta) characteristics under different magnetic field angles and temperatures, with simulation results reproducing the trend of experimental results. The asymmetric I-c(B,theta) characteristics of the conductor result in differences in magnetization loss values for positive and negative half field cycles.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hasan Nuri Turkmenoglu, Hakan Nuri Atahan
Summary: The addition of 1.5% nano-silica (NS) to concrete was found to significantly affect its deformation behavior, particularly in terms of stress-strain diagram characteristics, especially in the pre-peak region. Compared to micro-silica (MS), the effect of NS was more significant in the pre-peak region, and also more dominant in the post-peak region, making concrete more brittle.The compressive strength and modulus of elasticity were not significantly improved by the addition of NS to concrete mixtures.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Klajdi Toska, Flora Faleschini, Mariano Angelo Zanini
Summary: This paper investigates various aspects that affect the effectiveness of Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) jackets as confining systems, including overlapping length, equivalent fiber thickness, fibers coating presence, and reinforcement configuration. An experimental campaign was conducted on cylindrical specimens with carbon-based FRCM (CFRCM) jackets to analyze failure modes, stress-strain behavior, strength and stiffness deterioration, and plastic strains. The results show that the investigated parameters have a significant impact on the effectiveness of the confining jackets, with the best results observed when carbon fibers are epoxy-coated. New relationships for predicting cyclic behavior of confined concrete are proposed and compared with existing literature on other confining systems.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Tao Zhang, Weiya Xu, Rubin Wang, Long Yan, Mingjie He
Summary: The deformation behavior of cement mortar was studied under different loading patterns, analyzing the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio at various deviatoric stress levels. Additionally, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy tests were conducted to examine the mechanical properties and failure mechanism for the different loading patterns.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Bing Du, Hengyan Yang, Jingyan Wang, Jingyun Liang, Han Li, Changcai Zhao
Summary: This paper investigates the common defect in sheet metal forming, wrinkling, and explores the wrinkling phenomenon under different forming loads. By establishing numerical analysis models and using various algorithms, the wrinkling phenomenon of sheet metal under different working conditions is accurately predicted, and a unified wrinkling limit curve is established.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Stangl, A. Palau, G. Deutscher, X. Obradors, T. Puig
Summary: The functional properties of cuprates are strongly influenced by oxygen doping, as demonstrated in this study of YBCO thin films. The relation between charge carrier density, hole doping, and critical current density was explored, revealing a significant increase of Jc with nH. Overdoping in YBCO was found to enhance current carrying capabilities through the reconstruction of the Fermi surface at the Quantum Critical Point (QCP).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jizhong Zhao, Peilin Fu, Xiang Xu, Xu Zhang, Ping Wang, Qianhua Kan
Summary: Experimental results showed that U75VG rail steel exhibits rate-dependent tension, cyclic softening feature, and ratcheting behavior at various loading rates. A new cyclic visco-plastic constitutive model was proposed based on the rate-dependent experimental results, which can reasonably simulate cyclic deformation behaviors under different loading rates.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tomonori Watanabe, Shigeo Nagaya, Atsushi Ishiyama, So Noguchi, Hiroshi Ueda, Gen Nishijima
Summary: The behavior of non-circular coils in a high magnetic field at 4.2 K was investigated, and two different structures of isosceles triangle coils were manufactured. It was found that the non-reinforcement coil lost its superconducting properties and generated voltage when the current exceeded a certain threshold, while the coil with reinforcement showed better mechanical strength and stability under high magnetic fields.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Y. Takeda, K. Kobayashi, A. Uchida, H. Kitaguchi, G. Nishijima, Y. Yanagisawa, T. Nakashima, S. Yamade, S. Kobayashi, T. Kato, S. Nakamura, T. Motoki, J. Shimoyama
Summary: By introducing a two-step sintering process, we have improved the critical current of the superconducting joint between Bi2223 tapes, and successfully demonstrated its in-field transport and ultra-low in-field resistance. This study provides an important technological foundation for the development of Bi2223 superconducting magnets.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. Dhakarwal, M. Sugano, T. Ogitsu, S. Kawashima, G. Nishijima, N. Banno
Summary: This study examined the impact of zinc addition to the copper matrix on the superconducting properties and mechanical strength of Nb3Sn wires. The I-c-strain characteristics were evaluated using Walters springs to investigate the effect of copper and brass matrix on further improving J(c) and mechanical robustness.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kensuke Kobayashi, Gen Nishijima, Kotaro Ohki, Tatsuoki Nagaishi, Akira Uchida, Hitoshi Kitaguchi
Summary: We evaluated the joint resistance and current-carrying capacity of the intermediate grown superconducting (iGS) joint at low temperatures and high magnetic fields using a specially developed evaluation system. The results showed that the iGS joint has a sufficiently high current-carrying capacity at 4.2K in a 3T magnetic field and does not exhibit magnetic field dependence. However, at 77K, the joint resistance was relatively high due to a high load factor.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
T. Yagai, M. Takahashi, R. Inomata, T. Takao, T. Onji, T. Komagome, Y. Makida, T. Shintomi, N. Hirano, T. Hamajima, A. Kikuchi, G. Nishijima, A. Matsumoto
Summary: Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) is a promising option to support the integration of more renewables into the grid. The use of MgB2 strands and liquid hydrogen as a coolant could lead to the development of a practical SMES device. This study presents the design and testing of the world's largest-capacity AC cable.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
H. Tanaka, T. Suzuki, M. Kodama, H. Kotaki, G. Nishijima, A. Matsumoto
Summary: The strain tolerance of magnesium dioboride (MgB2) wire and its impact on coil fabrication were investigated. Results showed that MgB2 wire can tolerate a certain amount of strain at room temperature. A stainless-steel reinforced MgB2 wire was fabricated and found to have suitable strain tolerance for the react and wind method, as well as higher engineering current density.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kota Mizushima, Shunya Matsuba, Ye Yang, Tetsuya Fujimoto, Yoshiyuki Iwata, Masami Urata, Etsuo Noda, Toshiyuki Shirai, Michinaka Sugano, Gen Nishijima, Saki Amano, Tomofumi Orikasa, Shigeki Takayama, Kosuke Nakanishi, Yutaka Hirata
Summary: A synchrotron using superconducting magnets has been designed for a next-generation heavy-ion therapy system. The design and fabrication of the first prototype magnet and the results of the magnetic-field measurements are reported in this paper.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Y. Takeda, G. Nishijima, K. Inoue, Y. Takano, H. Kitaguchi
Summary: This study quantitatively investigated the effect of intermediate layer densification on the critical current (Ic) of Bi-2223 superconducting joints. The results showed that pressing the film samples to increase density can enhance the intergrain critical current density (Jc). Additionally, synthesizing an intermediate layer between two Bi-2223 tapes with uniform uniaxial pressure resulted in reproducible superconducting joints with high Ic.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
H. Matsui, G. Nishijima, A. Matsumoto, I. Yamaguchi, T. Manabe, M. Sohma
Summary: We observed a superconducting diode effect (SDE) in a YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) film irradiated with 75-MeV-Au ions at 77K under an incident angle of 30 degrees-off normal to the film surface. The dc critical current showed up to 3% asymmetry in out-of-plane magnetic fields. This unconventional SDE in YBCO films is attributed to the asymmetric barrier between the film surface and the film-substrate interface, which affects the entry of vortices. We also observed a sudden reversal of the diode polarity when the magnetic field angle was rotated across the ion-incident angle.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. Sugano, A. Kikuchi, H. Kitaguchi, G. Nishijima, T. Yagai
Summary: Flexible Rutherford cables are needed for high field superconducting magnets with A15 conductors based on R&W technology. The National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) has developed ultra-thin A15 composite wires with a diameter of 0.03-0.05 mm for this purpose. Mechanical properties of these wires, such as proof strength and fracture strength, were evaluated through tensile tests and their stress-strain curves. A simple technique to measure stress-strain curves for ultra-thin Nb3Sn wires was found to be feasible based on the results.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. Nakamoto, M. Sugano, M. Dhakarwal, T. Ogitsu, G. Nishijima, S. Awaji, S. Kawashima, S. C. Hopkins, A. Ballarino
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. Badel, K. Takahashi, A. Zampa, T. Okada, G. Nishijima, T. Uto, H. Takewa, S. Hanai, S. Ioka, J. Inagaki, S. Awaji
Summary: In this article, we propose a robust REBCO HTS insert coil concept for upgrading a superconducting magnet. The concept includes a two-tape bundle to mitigate tape degradation risks and edge impregnation for enhanced mechanical stiffness and conduction-cooling capability. A dump resistor is used for thermal runaway protection, with an early detection concept. The concept has been successfully tested on small scale prototypes and implemented on a large-size insert coil.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yasuaki Takeda, Gen Nishijima, Kensuke Kobayashi, Hitoshi Kitaguchi
Summary: Superconducting joints between Bi-2223 tapes were fabricated using a hot-pressing process and a 24-hour heat treatment. Specialized equipment was developed to apply pressure during the heat treatment. Hot pressing yielded practical critical current even with a short heat treatment. The resistance of the superconducting joint in a closed-loop was measured at 7.3 x 10(-15) ? at 4.2 K, with an estimated maximum persistent current flow of 170 A at 4.2 K. Remaining challenges include purification and densification of the intermediate layer in the joint. Once these challenges are addressed, the hot-pressing process shows promise for high-yield fabrication of high-performance Bi-2223 superconducting joints in a short processing time.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gen Nishijima, Munenori Amaya, Takashi Nishimura, Koji Kamiya, Takenori Numazawa
Summary: We have begun developing a magnetic refrigeration system for hydrogen liquefaction. The system includes a superconducting magnet with an active magnetic regenerative (AMR) bed. To study its suitability for the magnetic refrigeration system, a Bi-2223 superconducting magnet with compensation coils at both ends was designed and made. The magnet was designed to generate 4.76 T at a rated current of 300 A, and the compensation coils reduce the magnetic field outside the bore to zero. The magnet was fabricated using epoxy-impregnated double-pancake coils, and the cooling time for the magnet was approximately 82 hours. However, the power supply was stopped at 229 A (3.63 T) due to voltage oscillations in the coils, possibly caused by compression from the magnetic repulsive force.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
K. Takahashi, A. Badel, A. Zampa, T. Okada, S. Awaji, G. Nishijima, T. Uto, H. Takewa, S. Hanai, S. Ioka, J. Inagaki
Summary: For the next generation of high field cryogen-free superconducting user magnets, a robust coil concept is adopted, with two tapes co-wound in a face-to-back configuration, a fluorine-coated polyimide tape as the inter-bundle insulation, and thin FRP plates glued on the coil edges. The electromagnetic and current-voltage properties of 20-stacked REBCO pancake coils wound with Fujikura EuBCO tapes using the robust coil concept were investigated under a background field of 14 T and at a temperature of 4.2 K. The coil structure showed no anomalous behavior up to 25 T, indicating its advantage against large electromagnetic stress.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)