Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Timothy G. Kundro, Samir Nurmohamed, Hemant Kakkar, Salvatore J. Affinito
Summary: Punishments are not always administered immediately after a crime is committed. Third parties tend to punish transgressors more severely if there is a time delay between the crime and punishment due to perceived unfairness. This finding is based on eight studies involving over 160,772 punishment decisions and 6,029 adult participants.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Yasuhiro Kanakogi, Michiko Miyazaki, Hideyuki Takahashi, Hiroki Yamamoto, Tessei Kobayashi, Kazuo Hiraki
Summary: This study reveals that eight-month-old infants engage in third-party punishment towards antisocial others, indicating that this behavioral tendency may be acquired by humans during early infancy.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: This study used the multimodal parcellation atlas of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to measure the effective connectivity, functional connectivity, and tractography between 57 cortical frontal and somatosensory regions and the 360 cortical regions. The results showed that the ventral somatosensory stream and the dorsal action somatosensory stream have different connections with other brain regions, indicating their involvement in different cognitive functions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gwang-Won Kim, Amy H. Farabaugh, Richard Vetterman, Avram Holmes, Maren Nyer, Zahra Nasiriavanaki, Maurizio Fava, Daphne J. Holt
Summary: This study found that young adults with high suicidality have a smaller surface area in the frontal pole of the brain and lower functional connectivity compared to those with low suicidality.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erik Mohlin, Alexandros Rigos, Simon Weidenholzer
Summary: The question of how cooperation evolves and is maintained among nonkin is central to the biological, social, and behavioral sciences. Previous research has focused on explaining how cooperation in social dilemmas can be maintained by direct and indirect reciprocity among the participants of the social dilemma. However, in complex human societies, both modern and ancient, cooperation is frequently maintained by means of specialized third-party enforcement.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Zhuang Li, Gengdan Hu, Lei Xu, Qiangqiang Li
Summary: This study investigates the preference between punishment and compensation in third-party fairness maintenance, finding that the ability to freely choose influences third parties' preferences and that reputational benefits further affect their choices. The results show that when third parties are able to freely choose, they tend to prefer compensation, especially in open contexts.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Hanna Keren, Charles Zheng, David C. Jangraw, Katharine Chang, Aria Vitale, Robb B. Rutledge, Francisco Pereira, Dylan M. Nielson, Argyris Stringaris
Summary: The research suggests that early events have a stronger influence on reported mood than recent events. This has implications for the timing of events in experimental or clinical settings and points towards new directions for individualized mood interventions.
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Rocchi, Hiroyuki Oya, Fabien Balezeau, Alexander J. Billig, Zsuzsanna Kocsis, Rick L. Jenison, Kirill V. Nourski, Christopher K. Kovach, Mitchell Steinschneider, Yukiko Kikuchi, Ariane E. Rhone, Brian J. Dlouhy, Hiroto Kawasaki, Ralph Adolphs, Jeremy D. W. Greenlee, Timothy D. Griffiths, Matthew A. Howard, Christopher I. Petkov
Summary: This study found comparable effective connectivity patterns between macaque monkeys and humans in brain pathways supporting language and memory, with human-specific differences in hemispheric lateralization effects. Additionally, rapid evoked potentials were observed between the auditory cortex and VLPFC in humans, indicating direct projections similar to those seen in monkeys.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lea Roumazeilles, Matthias Schurz, Mathilde Lojkiewiez, Lennart Verhagen, Urs Schuffelgen, Kevin Marche, Ali Mahmoodi, Andrew Emberton, Kelly Simpson, Olivier Joly, Mehdi Khamassi, Matthew F. S. Rushworth, Rogier B. Mars, Jerome Sallet
Summary: The study found that activity in a specific region of the macaque middle superior temporal cortex is modulated by the predictability of social situations, similar to the human TPJ, suggesting a precursor for theory of mind ability in the last common ancestor of human and Old World monkeys.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Justin W. Martin, Sophia Martin, Katherine McAuliffe
Summary: The study found that third-party direct feedback punishment can increase fairness in children, especially among younger children.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Julia Marshall, Daniel A. Yudkin, Molly J. Crockett
Summary: The study found that children punish transgressors for both retributive and consequentialist reasons, showing that they have complex psychological motivations in moral situations similar to adults.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiamiao Yang, Ruolei Gu, Jie Liu, Kexin Deng, Xiaoxuan Huang, Yue-Jia Luo, Fang Cui
Summary: This study investigates the third-party framing effect, which refers to how the punishment of norm violators by third-party observers might be influenced by the way a norm violation is verbally described. Results showed that participants were more likely to execute third-party punishment when the norm violation was framed as harm rather than as failure to help. The mediating role of anger towards perpetrators and the involvement of specific brain regions, such as the insula and mid-cingulate cortex, in the framing effect were also observed.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Po-Han Kung, Christopher G. Davey, Ben J. Harrison, Alec J. Jamieson, Kim L. Felmingham, Trevor Steward
Summary: The study found that adolescents with depression showed weaker inhibitory modulation during cognitive reappraisal, which was predictive of individual diagnostic status. Post-treatment depression remission was associated with weaker excitatory connectivity between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala at baseline.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Thomas Baumgartner, Jan Hausfeld, Miguel dos Santos, Daria Knoch
Summary: Research indicates that independent punishers have larger gray matter volume in the right temporo-parietal junction associated with social cognition, while conditional punishers show larger gray matter volume in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex linked to behavioral control and strategic reasoning. Both independent punishers and nonpunishers exhibit larger gray matter volume in an area involved in the processing of social and monetary rewards, the bilateral caudate. Using a neural trait approach, these three types were clearly differentiated based on their neural signatures, shedding light on underlying psychological mechanisms.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masahiro Sawada, Ralph Adolphs, Brian J. Dlouhy, Rick L. Jenison, Ariane E. Rhone, Christopher K. Kovach, Jeremy D. W. Greenlee, Matthew A. Howard, Hiroyuki Oya
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity of the human amygdala in patients with epilepsy using direct electrical stimulation. The findings reveal complex connectivity patterns in the human amygdala and provide important insights for further functional neuroimaging studies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Adam M. M. Goodman, Muriah D. D. Wheelock, Nathaniel G. G. Harnett, Elizabeth S. S. Davis, Sylvie Mrug, Gopikrishna Deshpande, David C. C. Knight
Summary: The study reveals that acute stress disrupts connectivity underlying top-down emotion regulation of the threat response, and increased connectivity between the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and amygdala may play a critical role in stress-induced changes in the emotional response to threat.
BRAIN CONNECTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Maria Pyasik, Elisabetta Fortunato, Olga Dal Monte, Selene Schintu, Francesca Garbarini, Tommaso Ciorli, Lorenzo Pia
Summary: Research shows that the ability to distinguish between another person's body and one's own body modulates the social softness illusion. In experiments, the touched person's skin was perceived as softer than the own one, and this illusion was more pronounced in an allocentric perspective.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah B. Weinberg-Wolf, Nick Fagan, Olga Dal Monte, Steve W. C. Chang
Summary: The study found that increasing central concentrations of serotonin with the direct precursor 5-HTP impairs the ability of rhesus macaques to flexibly orient and inhibit, particularly inhibiting orienting to face images. The effects of 5-HTP on performance were correlated with physiological changes such as pupil constriction, increased time to initiate trials, and increased reaction time, suggesting a downregulation of arousal and motivational states.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Wenjing Yan, Lena Palaniyappan, Peter F. Liddle, D. Rangaprakash, Wei Wei, Gopikrishna Deshpande
Summary: This study investigated the shared and distinct neural bases of Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder by examining hemodynamic response function (HRF) variability, which may impact the results of functional connectivity studies. Quantifying HRF abnormalities in specific brain regions revealed associations with disease genes and medication dosage.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Gopikrishna Deshpande, Xinyu Zhao, Jennifer Robinson
Summary: This study tests the validity of the HERNET model in humans by computing functional connectivity in layer-specific cortico-hippocampal microcircuits. The results support some predictions of the model and suggest an anterior-posterior gradient along the long axis of the hippocampus, but do not confirm anterior-posterior specificity in network relationships.
Article
Psychiatry
Vittal Korann, Arpitha Jacob, Bonian Lu, Priyanka Devi, Umesh Thonse, Bhargavi Nagendra, Dona Maria Chacko, Avyarthana Dey, Anantha Padmanabha, Venkataram Shivakumar, Rose Dawn Bharath, Vijay Kumar, Shivarama Varambally, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Gopikrishna Deshpande, Naren P. Rao
Summary: This study examined the effect of oxytocin on brain connectivity in schizophrenia and found that oxytocin significantly increased the strength of specific connections. These findings provide a rationale for exploring the potential utility of oxytocin in treating social cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Gopikrishna Deshpande, Vinoo Alluri, Aaryana Sharma, Madhura Ingalhalikar
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Pinar Demirayak, Gopikrishna Deshpande, Kristina Visscher
Summary: The emergence of ultra-high field MRI scanners has enabled researchers to study the human brain in detail. This non-invasive technique allows for the observation of differences between cortical layers, and layer-specific fMRI can distinguish feedback and feedforward pathways, thus contributing to the understanding of brain function.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Gopikrishna Deshpande, Yun Wang
Summary: This study proposes an experimental and analytical framework for the noninvasive functional characterization of layer-specific cortical microcircuits. By studying a specific pathway in the human visual system, the framework is able to infer the functional pathways and explain their roles in the visual system.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alessandro Mazza, Olga Dal Monte, Selene Schintu, Samuele Colombo, Nicola Michielli, Pietro Sarasso, Peter Torlind, Marco Cantamessa, Francesca Montagna, Raffaella Ricci
Summary: The compound nature of creativity makes it difficult to attribute it to a single neural signature, as it involves multiple cognitive processes. Divergent thinking paradigms have shown that creativity is related to specific mental operations such as inhibition, loose semantic associations, and mental imagery. Neurophysiological studies have found high alpha rhythm synchronization during creative ideation, along with oculomotor activity and pupil dilation as indicators of mental operations. This study investigated the involvement of other frequency bands, such as beta and gamma, in divergent and convergent thinking, and their association with gaze patterns and pupil response. The findings revealed specific neural dynamics and physiological patterns during idea generation, providing new insights into the physiological signature of creative production.
Article
Neurosciences
Sidharth Kumar, Ahmedur Rahman Shovon, Gopikrishna Deshpande
Summary: There is a growing interest in studying brain function using functional connectivity networks (FCN) obtained from resting-state fMRI. However, FCNs are sensitive to data acquisition parameters such as sampling period, which introduces variability in pooled data from different scanning protocols and MRI scanners. To address this, an end-to-end pipeline using persistent homology (PH) is proposed to demonstrate similarity across FCNs acquired at different temporal sampling periods. The topological features extracted by PH capture the network organization across continuous threshold values and can be compared using the earth-moving metric (Wasserstein distance).
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
D. Rangaprakash, Robert L. Barry, Gopikrishna Deshpande
Summary: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a method to indirectly measure neural activity, but its accuracy is affected by the variability of the hemodynamic response function (HRF). This article argues that ignoring HRF variability confounds connectivity estimates within subjects and group differences between subjects. The clinical relevance of HRF aberrations in various disorders is also discussed. Limited data on HRF differences between men and women are presented, showing a median error of 15.4% in functional connectivity estimates at the group level. The implications of HRF variability for spinal cord fMRI studies are also discussed. More dialogue within the scientific community on the HRF confound is needed, and it is hoped that this article will serve as a catalyst for this discussion.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Gabriele Bellucci, Soyoung Q. Park
Summary: This study demonstrates the role of first impressions and the orbitofrontal cortex in biased learning patterns in lonely individuals, providing a mechanistic understanding of loneliness with potential downstream impacts on clinical practice.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Gabriele Bellucci
Summary: Trait impressions about others are crucial for navigating the social environment, but there is still a lack of a unified model to explain its organizational principles.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Edoardo Battegazzorre, Francesco Strada, Lucia De Francesco, Alessandro Mazza, Olga Dal Monte, Andrea Bottino
Summary: This paper presents a virtual reality Stroop test application that incorporates influencer-based elements. The study examines the effects of these elements on performance and stress levels, finding that social presence generally improves performance and reduces stress, except in competitive situations. The research contributes to the development of more engaging and effective virtual Stroop tests.
