4.6 Article

Stabilization of electrical sensing properties of carbon fiber sensors using pre-tensioning approach

Journal

SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
Volume 26, Issue 1, Pages -

Publisher

IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-665X/26/1/015012

Keywords

carbon fibers; electrical sensors; strain measurements; pre-tension; long gauge sensors; resin creep

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Owing to fabrication defects in carbon fiber (CF) tows, the unevenness of fiber roves, such as local bends, misalignments, and skewness, results in irregular distribution of the electrical resistance in the transverse direction along the gauge length of a sensor, which affects its performance. In this study, a pre-tension approach was developed according to the creep mechanism of composites to straighten the CFs. In addition, the resin relaxation was controlled by tensioning the fibers during and after hardening of the epoxy resin using a double-tension method to enhance the electrical sensing properties of long gauge carbon fiber line (CFL) strain sensors. Different levels of sustained tensile stresses were studied to obtain the optimal tensile stress level both during and after hardening to be applied in the double-tension method. The results of static and dynamic tests showed that the double-tension technique could significantly straighten the fibers, and stabilize the transverse connections of CFL sensors in the case of tensioning the fibers during and after hardening under a sustained stress of 60% of the ultimate tensile stress of the CFs. The proposed double-tension method was utilized to improve the response of the CFL sensors with short gauge lengths.

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