Recovery of cis,cis-muconic acid from organic phase after reactive extraction

Reactive extraction has been shown as an applicable first step in the downstream processing for the recovery of dicarboxylic acids from aqueous solutions, leading to yields of X-RE = 0.95 +/- 0.05 for cis,cis-muconic acid. A next step towards a downstream processing concept is the examination of strategies to recover the dicarboxylic acid from the organic phase. A reasonable strategy has to lead to high yields and allow for a recycle of the organic phase for further reactive extraction steps. This work presents two recovery strategies for the cis,cis-muconic acid after reactive extraction. A pH-shift uses the strong pH dependency of the reactive extraction itself. A buffered aqueous phase as re-extraction phase leads to a yield of X-REEX = 0.99 +/- 0.080 at pH > 7. The second approach is the addition of water soluble amines as an additional reactive component. A complex of water soluble amines and the acid is re-extracted into an aqueous phase. Propylamine showed the best performance (X-REEX = 1 +/- 0.069) of all water soluble amines investigated. An analysis of the distribution behavior of the water soluble amines showed that a recycle of the organic phase for further reactive extraction steps is feasible for both strategies. The results allow for a further development of an in situ downstream processing concept for biocatalytic produced dicarboxylic acids. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.