Square-wave voltammetric determination of clindamycin using a glassy carbon electrode modified with graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles within a crosslinked chitosan film

An electrochemical method for the determination of clindamycin using a glassy carbon electrode modified with graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles within a film of crosslinked chitosan with epichlorohydrin (AuNPs-GO-CTS-ECH/GCE) is proposed. The electrochemical behavior of clindamycin was studied using cyclic voltammetry, and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). Under the optimized working conditions using 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) solution as the supporting electrolyte, at a potential of +0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L-1 KCl), using the SWV technique with the proposed AuNPs-GO-CTS-ECH/GCE electrode, the analytical curve showed a wide linear concentration range from 9.5 x 10(-7) to 1.4 x 10(-4) mol L-1, with a limit of detection of 2.9 x 10(-7) mol L-1. The voltammetric method was successfully applied in the quantification of clindamycin in pharmaceutical formulations, as well as synthetic urine and river water samples, with results similar to those obtained by a comparative method (HPLC). (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.