Review
Immunology
Marwa Saadaoui, Parul Singh, Osman Ortashi, Souhaila Al Khodor
Summary: Miscarriage is a devastating pregnancy loss that affects many women worldwide. Recent research suggests a potential role of the vaginal microbiota in miscarriage. This review investigates the link between vaginal microbiota and miscarriage, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the vaginal microbiota may affect miscarriage.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Victoria Hodgetts Morton, Philip Toozs-Hobson, Catherine A. Moakes, Lee Middleton, Jane Daniels, Nigel A. B. Simpson, Andrew Shennan, Fidan Israfil-Bayli, Andrew K. Ewer, Jim Gray, Mark Slack, Jane E. Norman, Christoph Lees, Konstantinos Tryposkiadis, Max Hughes, Peter Brocklehurst, R. Katie Morris
Summary: The use of monofilament suture thread did not reduce the rate of pregnancy loss compared to braided suture thread. Clinicians should consider these findings when deciding on the choice of suture thread to optimize outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Victoria Hodgetts Morton, Philip Toozs-Hobson, Catherine A. Moakes, Lee Middleton, Jane Daniels, Nigel A. B. Simpson, Andrew Shennan, Fidan Israfil-Bayli, Andrew K. Ewer, Jim Gray, Mark Slack, Jane E. Norman, Christoph Lees, Konstantinos Tryposkiadis, Max Hughes, Peter Brocklehurst, R. Katie Morris
Summary: A comparison between monofilament and braided suture thread in cervical cerclage surgery showed that monofilament suture did not reduce the rate of pregnancy loss. Clinicians should consider these findings when choosing suture thread to optimize outcomes.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Xuan Zhou, Xiao-xue Li, Yi-meng Ge, Shao-yang Lai, Luo-qi Zhou, Ling Feng, Jie Zhao
Summary: Cervical incompetence negatively affects pregnancy outcomes and vaginal microecology in twin pregnancies, resulting in earlier delivery, lower birth weight, higher vaginal pH value, and decreased abundance of Lactobacillus. Cervical cerclage can help improve obstetric outcomes by establishing a healthier vaginal environment.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cansu Uzuner, Jason Mak, Fatima El-Assaad, George Condous
Summary: Endometriosis is a state of chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction plays a role in its development. Dysbiosis in the microbiome is believed to be both a cause and a consequence of endometriosis. Studies have examined the microbiome in the gut, peritoneal fluid, and female reproductive tract to identify specific signatures associated with endometriosis. Emerging research is focused on manipulating the microbiome for improved detection and treatment of endometriosis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena Wierzchowska-Opoka, Zaneta Kimber-Trojnar, Bozena Leszczynska-Gorzelak
Summary: Cervical insufficiency is a major factor contributing to recurrent pregnancy loss and preterm birth, with emergency cerclage procedures proving to reduce the rate of preterm birth, prolong gestational age, and improve newborn survival rates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Guiqiong Huang, Chunyan Deng, Hua Liao, Qing Hu, Haiyan Yu, Xiaodong Wang
Summary: In patients with cervical insufficiency, laparoscopic abdominal cervical cerclage (LAC) appears to have better pregnancy outcomes compared to transvaginal cervical cerclage (TVC). Cervical cerclage can improve pregnancy outcomes and increase the latency period, especially in twin pregnancies, particularly in the LAC group.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Suibin Lin, Bin Zhang, Yixia Lin, Yueping Lin, Xiaoyu Zuo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the dysbiosis of the cervical and vaginal microbiota in Chinese women with CIN. The results showed a greater shift in microbial diversity in the cervix compared to the vagina for CIN patients, especially in CIN 1. Less dysbiosis was found between CIN patients and healthy controls, in both the vagina and cervix. The study also identified distinct patterns of perturbed bacteria in the vaginal and cervical microbiota, suggesting potential microbial migration in the reproductive tract.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Fuju Zhao, Xianyang Hu, Chunmei Ying
Summary: The human microbiota in various parts of the body has a significant impact on human health, with the gut microbiota being the most extensively studied in relation to disease. However, the vaginal microbiota also plays a crucial role in female health and has complex dynamic properties. Recent research on the association between the vaginal microbiota and pregnancy outcomes and gynecological diseases has highlighted the importance of maintaining a healthy vaginal microbiota. This review aims to summarize the recent developments in the study of the vaginal microbial ecosystem and its role in female health and reproductive outcomes.
Article
Immunology
Yunshan Xiao, Shiting Huang, Weiwei Yu, Yan Ni, Danni Lu, Quanfeng Wu, Qin Leng, Ting Yang, Meilan Ni, Jingxian Xie, Xueqin Zhang
Summary: This study analysed the vaginal microbiota of patients with cervical incompetence and investigated the changes in vaginal microbiota before and after cervical cerclage. The results showed that cervical cerclage increased microbiota diversity, reduced abundance of Lactobacillus, and increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria, which compromised pregnancy maintenance and surgical efficacy. Thus, the role of the vaginal microbiome should be considered when developing treatment strategies for pregnant women with cervical incompetence.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Veronika Guenther, Leila Allahqoli, Rafal Watrowski, Nicolai Maass, Johannes Ackermann, Soeren von Otte, Ibrahim Alkatout
Summary: The human microbiome, particularly the vaginal microbiome, has gained importance in reproductive medicine due to its potential influence on infertility and implantation failure. Non-Lactobacillus-dominated microbiomes have been associated with dysbiosis and may negatively impact reproductive outcomes. Screening the microbiome and administering antibiotic and/or probiotic treatment could improve pregnancy outcomes.
Article
Immunology
Xuetao Mao, Hao Chen, Xuan Peng, Xingping Zhao, Zheng Yu, Dabao Xu
Summary: This study revealed dysbiosis of the female reproductive tract in the presence of uterine fibroids and identified a distinct pattern of characteristic vaginal and cervical microbiome involved in uterine fibroids.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Huseyin Ekici, Firat Okmen, Didem Gul Saritas, Gultap Khaligli, Ahmet Mete Ergenoglu
Summary: Cervical cerclage plays an important role in twin pregnancies, providing a significant prolongation of pregnancy and improving neonatal survival rate. However, further research is needed to determine the indications for cerclage and its effectiveness in preventing premature birth.
IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heng Zhang, Shumin Wang, Lingjin Tuo, Qixiao Zhai, Jingjing Cui, Daozhen Chen, Dexiang Xu
Summary: Vitamin D plays an important role in pregnancy, with low levels being associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms of how vitamin D regulates these outcomes and aims to provide a basis for public health intervention strategies.
Article
Microbiology
Yueran Ren, Jingru Liang, Xiao Li, Yiting Deng, Sanping Cheng, Qiheng Wu, Wei Song, Yan He, Jiajia Zhu, Xiaomei Zhang, Hongwei Zhou, Jia Yin
Summary: The study examined the oral microbiome in patients with acute ischemic stroke and found dynamic differences in the oral microbial composition between patients with and without stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Patients with SAP were more likely to have lower levels of Streptococcus and higher levels of Actinobacteriota, indicating a potential link to poor clinical outcomes. The findings suggest that the oral microbiota could serve as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for predicting illness development and outcomes in SAP patients.
Article
Industrial Relations & Labor
Soebin Jang, Sangok Yoo, Jin Lee, Yunsoo Lee
Summary: This study explores the impact of servant leadership on thriving at work by examining the mediating effect of work meaningfulness and the moderating role of perceived interpersonal justice. The findings indicate that work meaningfulness acts as a mediator and perceived interpersonal justice acts as a boundary condition in the relationship between servant leadership and thriving at work.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesca M. Trovato, Rabiya Zia, Florent Artru, Salma Mujib, Ellen Jerome, Anna Cavazza, Muireann Coen, Ian Wilson, Elaine Holmes, Phillip Morgan, Arjuna Singanayagam, Christine Bernsmeier, Salvatore Napoli, William Bernal, Julia Wendon, Rosa Miquel, Krishna Menon, Vishal C. Patel, John Smith, Stephen R. Atkinson, Evangelos Triantafyllou, Mark J. W. McPhail
Summary: A metabolome study found that ALF patients have dysregulated metabolism and immune responses, potentially mediated by the LPC-ATX-LPA pathway.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Akanksha Garg, Laura Burney Ellis, Ryan Laurence Love, Karen Grewal, Sarah Bowden, Phillip R. Bennett, Maria Kyrgiou
Summary: The vaginal microbiota has been found to affect a number of reproductive outcomes. Obesity, a global epidemic, has been shown to be a risk factor for adverse female health outcomes. A healthy vaginal microbiome is dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus, but obesity is associated with higher diversity and lower dominance of Lactobacillus. This review summarizes the evidence on the vaginal microbiome in obese women and its impact on reproductive outcomes, as well as explores the mechanisms by which obesity alters microbial composition and suggests potential therapeutic targets for the vaginal microbiota.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anita Semertzidou, Harriet Grout-Smith, Ilkka Kalliala, Akanksha Garg, Vasso Terzidou, Julian Marchesi, David MacIntyre, Phillip Bennett, Konstantinos Tsilidis, Maria Kyrgiou
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the strength and validity of associations between diabetes and anti-diabetic interventions and the risk of gynaecological or obstetric conditions. The results showed a positive association between gestational diabetes and caesarean section, large for gestational age babies, major congenital malformations, and heart defects. There was also an inverse relationship between metformin use and ovarian cancer incidence.
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
David Felipe Garcia Mendez, Janeth Sanabria, Julien Wist, Elaine Holmes
Summary: Since the early 1980s, researchers have developed in vitro models of the human gastrointestinal system for studying the gut microbiome ecology. Simulating all features and conditions of the gastrointestinal system using a bioreactor is a significant challenge. Despite advances in simulating functionalities such as temperature and pH control, more work is needed to make the models closer to in vivo conditions. In this review, the impact of key operational parameters on gut microbial ecology is discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of current bioreactor systems.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Joshua A. Twigg, Ann Smith, Clotilde Haury, Melanie J. Wilson, Jonathan Lees, Mark Waters, David W. Williams
Summary: This study found that pneumonia patients with dentures had a significant increase in the relative abundance of respiratory pathogens in the oral cavity compared to individuals with respiratory health. There were also significant shifts in bacterial community diversity and richness. This suggests that dentures can serve as potential colonization sites for respiratory pathogens, increasing the risk of pneumonia in susceptible individuals.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Monique J. Ryan, Alanah Grant-St James, Nathan G. Lawler, Mark W. Fear, Edward Raby, Fiona M. Wood, Garth L. Maker, Julien Wist, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray
Summary: This study presents an optimized comprehensive targeted workflow for plasma and serum lipid quantification, which combines stable isotope internal standard dilution, automated sample preparation, and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with rapid polarity switching. The method is robust to common sources of analytical variation and is suitable for large-scale, multibatch applications in precision medicine.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Charlotte-Eve S. Short, Rachael Quinlan, Yun S. Lee, Veronica G. Preda, Ann Smith, Julian R. Marchesi, Robin Shattock, Phillip R. Bennett, David A. MacIntyre, Graham P. Taylor
Summary: This study examined whether two methods of collecting bacterial biomass are equivalent for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that there was no difference in bacterial load or composition between using Menstrual cups (MCs) and high vaginal swabs (HVS). Therefore, both methods are suitable for studying the vaginal microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Immunology
Belen Gimeno-Molina, Erna Bayar, Katherine Mountain, Ryan Love, Yun Lee, Ingrid Muller, Anne Dell, Stuart Haslam, Paola Grassi, Gang Wu, David MacIntyre, Phillip Bennett, Pascale Kropf, Lynne Sykes
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Dada Oluwaseyi Temilola, Martha Wium, Juliano Paccez, Azola Samkele Salukazana, Solomon O. Rotimi, Hasan H. Otu, Giuseppina M. Carbone, Lisa Kaestner, Stefano Cacciatore, Luiz Fernando Zerbini
Summary: This study investigates the diagnostic role of cfDNA in South African PCa patients and identifies a panel of significantly deregulated mutated genes, providing new biomarkers for PCa diagnosis in the South African population.
Article
Oncology
Dada Oluwaseyi Temilola, Martha Wium, Juliano Paccez, Azola Samkele Salukazana, Hasan H. Otu, Giuseppina M. Carbone, Lisa Kaestner, Stefano Cacciatore, Luiz Fernando Zerbini
Summary: The study identified a ratio of miR-194-5p/miR-16-5p in plasma extracellular vesicles as a non-invasive marker for assessing the aggressiveness of prostate cancer in the South African population.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alice Nishigaki, Renato Previdelli, James L. Alexander, Sharmili Balarajah, Lauren Roberts, Julian R. Marchesi
Summary: Sampling stools from animals is a useful way of diagnosing diseases. In this study, a commercially available animal stool storage kit was tested for its ability to chemically preserve bacterial DNA, without relying on cold storage. The kit successfully preserved Salmonella spp. in cow stool at room temperature.
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Joram M. Posma, Isabel Garcia Perez, Ibrahim Karaman, He Gao, Queenie Chan, Martha Daviglus, Linda Van Horn, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Paul Elliott
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Retraction
Food Science & Technology
Isabel Garcia-Perez, Joram M. Posma, Edward S. Chambers, John C. Mathers, John Draper, Manfred Beckmann, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Elaine Holmes, Gary Frost
Article
Biophysics
Jose Ivan Serrano-Contreras, John C. Lindon, Gary Frost, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Isabel Garcia-Perez
Summary: NMR spectroscopy is an important technique in metabolic profiling, but metabolite identification is often hindered by peak overlap. Recently developed pure shift NMR spectroscopy has the potential to simplify complex proton NMR spectra and aid metabolite identification. In this study, two complementary approaches to spectral simplification were evaluated, and both methods were found to improve resolution of resonances and enhance metabolite identification. These methods are easy to implement and the strong coupling artifacts contain latent connectivity information that can be used to enhance metabolite identification.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)