Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 563, Issue -, Pages 40-52Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.061
Keywords
Ozone (O-3); Carbon monoxide (CO); Eastern Mediterranean (EM); Long-range transport (LRT); Free Troposphere (FT)
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Funding
- CityZEN project [FP7-ENV-2008-212095]
- ECLIPSE (Evaluating the CLimate and Air Quality ImPacts of Short-livEd Pollutants) [FP7-ENV-2011-282688]
- PEGASOS (Pan-European Gas-AeroSOls-climate interaction Study) - European Commission [FP7-ENV-2010-265148]
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The importance of the long-range transport (LRT) on O-3 and CO budgets over the Eastern Mediterranean has been investigated using the state-of-the-art 3-dimensional global chemistry-transport model TM4-ECPL. A 3-D budget analysis has been performed separating the Eastern from the Western basins and the boundary layer (BL) from the free troposphere (FT). The FT of the Eastern Mediterranean is shown to be a strong receptor of polluted air masses from the Western Mediterranean, and the most important source of polluted air masses for the Eastern Mediterranean BL, with about 40% of O-3 and of CO in the BL to be transported from the FT aloft. Regional anthropogenic sources are found to have relatively small impact on regional air quality in the area, contributing by about 8% and 18% to surface levels of O-3 and CO, respectively. Projections using anthropogenic emissions for the year 2050 but neglecting climate change calculate a surface O-3 decrease of about 11% together with a surface CO increase of roughly 10% in the Eastern Mediterranean. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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