Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 541, Issue -, Pages 1232-1242Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.002
Keywords
Organochlorines; Organochlorine pesticides; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Fish; Indus River; Pakistan; Risk assessment
Categories
Funding
- Natural Environment Research Council [ceh010010] Funding Source: researchfish
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The present study was conducted to reveal the concentrations and patterns of organochlorines [i.e., organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)] in freshwater fish species collected from four ecologically important sites of the Indus River i.e., Taunsa (TAU), Rahim Yar Khan (RYK), Guddu (GUD) and Sukkur (SUK). In the fish muscle tissues, concentrations of 15 OCPs (Sigma(15)OCPs) and 29 PCBs (Sigma(29)PCBs) varied between 1.93-61.9 and 0.81-44.2 ng/g wet weight (ww), respectively. Overall, the rank order of OCs was DDTs > PCBs > hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) > chlordanes (CHLs). The patterns of PCBs showed maximum contribution of tri-CBs (59%). Ratios of individual HCH and DDT analytes contributing to the summed values indicated both recent and past use of these chemicals in the region, depending upon fish species. To assess the associated health risks, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were calculated through hazard ratios (HRs). For carcinogenic risk, HR was >1 at both 50th and 95th percentile concentrations, suggesting that the daily exposure to OCPs and PCBs yields a lifetime cancer risk of 1 in amillion. HR for non-cancerous riskwas <1 at both the percentiles, signifying no adverse effect by OCs exposure in native population. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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