Diverse evolutionary roots and mechanistic variations of the CRISPR-Cas systems

Crystal Structure of Cpf1 in Complex with Guide RNA and Target DNA

(2016) Takashi Yamano et al.   CELL

Degradation of Phage Transcripts by CRISPR-Associated RNases Enables Type III CRISPR-Cas Immunity

(2016) Wenyan Jiang et al.   CELL

RNA-activated DNA cleavage by the Type III-B CRISPR–Cas effector complex

(2016) Michael A. Estrella et al.   GENES & DEVELOPMENT

Bipartite recognition of target RNAs activates DNA cleavage by the Type III-B CRISPR–Cas system

(2016) Joshua R. Elmore et al.   GENES & DEVELOPMENT

Recent Mobility of Casposons, Self-Synthesizing Transposons at the Origin of the CRISPR-Cas Immunity

(2016) Mart Krupovic et al.   Genome Biology and Evolution

The CRISPR-associated DNA-cleaving enzyme Cpf1 also processes precursor CRISPR RNA

(2016) Ines Fonfara et al.   NATURE

MIMIVIRE is a defence system in mimivirus that confers resistance to virophage

(2016) Anthony Levasseur et al.   NATURE

High-fidelity CRISPR–Cas9 nucleases with no detectable genome-wide off-target effects

(2016) Benjamin P. Kleinstiver et al.   NATURE

Genome-wide specificities of CRISPR-Cas Cpf1 nucleases in human cells

(2016) Benjamin P Kleinstiver et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Genome-wide analysis reveals specificities of Cpf1 endonucleases in human cells

(2016) Daesik Kim et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

CRISPR–Cas adaptation: insights into the mechanism of action

(2016) Gil Amitai et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Structural basis for the endoribonuclease activity of the type III-A CRISPR-associated protein Csm6

(2016) Ole Niewoehner et al.   RNA

Direct CRISPR spacer acquisition from RNA by a natural reverse transcriptase-Cas1 fusion protein

(2016) S. Silas et al.   SCIENCE

C2c2 is a single-component programmable RNA-guided RNA-targeting CRISPR effector

(2016) Omar O. Abudayyeh et al.   SCIENCE

Surveillance and Processing of Foreign DNA by the Escherichia coli CRISPR-Cas System

(2015) Sy Redding et al.   CELL

Structural and Mechanistic Basis of PAM-Dependent Spacer Acquisition in CRISPR-Cas Systems

(2015) Jiuyu Wang et al.   CELL

Efficient Intracellular Delivery of Native Proteins

(2015) Diego S. D’Astolfo et al.   CELL

Co-transcriptional DNA and RNA Cleavage during Type III CRISPR-Cas Immunity

(2015) Poulami Samai et al.   CELL

Cpf1 Is a Single RNA-Guided Endonuclease of a Class 2 CRISPR-Cas System

(2015) Bernd Zetsche et al.   CELL

Cas9 function and host genome sampling in Type II-A CRISPR–Cas adaptation

(2015) Yunzhou Wei et al.   GENES & DEVELOPMENT

Efficient CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Mice by Zygote Electroporation of Nuclease

(2015) Wenning Qin et al.   GENETICS

ISC, a Novel Group of Bacterial and Archaeal DNA Transposons That Encode Cas9 Homologs

(2015) Vladimir V. Kapitonov et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Evolution of the CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity systems in prokaryotes: models and observations on virus–host coevolution

(2015) Eugene V. Koonin et al.   Molecular BioSystems

A Conserved Structural Chassis for Mounting Versatile CRISPR RNA-Guided Immune Responses

(2015) Ryan N. Jackson et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

DNase H Activity of Neisseria meningitidis Cas9

(2015) Yan Zhang et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Two Distinct DNA Binding Modes Guide Dual Roles of a CRISPR-Cas Protein Complex

(2015) Timothy R. Blosser et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Crystal Structure of the CRISPR-Cas RNA Silencing Cmr Complex Bound to a Target Analog

(2015) Takuo Osawa et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Discovery and Functional Characterization of Diverse Class 2 CRISPR-Cas Systems

(2015) Sergey Shmakov et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Integrase-mediated spacer acquisition during CRISPR–Cas adaptive immunity

(2015) James K. Nuñez et al.   NATURE

CRISPR-Cas immunity in prokaryotes

(2015) Luciano A. Marraffini   NATURE

CRISPR adaptation biases explain preference for acquisition of foreign DNA

(2015) Asaf Levy et al.   NATURE

Conformational control of DNA target cleavage by CRISPR–Cas9

(2015) Samuel H. Sternberg et al.   NATURE

Multiple mechanisms for CRISPR–Cas inhibition by anti-CRISPR proteins

(2015) Joseph Bondy-Denomy et al.   NATURE

Cas9 specifies functional viral targets during CRISPR–Cas adaptation

(2015) Robert Heler et al.   NATURE

Genome-scale transcriptional activation by an engineered CRISPR-Cas9 complex

(2015) Silvana Konermann et al.   NATURE

In vivo genome editing using Staphylococcus aureus Cas9

(2015) F. Ann Ran et al.   NATURE

A split-Cas9 architecture for inducible genome editing and transcription modulation

(2015) Bernd Zetsche et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Epigenome editing by a CRISPR-Cas9-based acetyltransferase activates genes from promoters and enhancers

(2015) Isaac B Hilton et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Small molecule–triggered Cas9 protein with improved genome-editing specificity

(2015) Kevin M Davis et al.   Nature Chemical Biology

Functional annotation of native enhancers with a Cas9–histone demethylase fusion

(2015) Nicola A Kearns et al.   NATURE METHODS

An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR–Cas systems

(2015) Kira S. Makarova et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Mechanism of foreign DNA recognition by a CRISPR RNA-guided surveillance complex from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

(2015) MaryClare F. Rollins et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

The casposon-encoded Cas1 protein fromAciduliprofundum booneiis a DNA integrase that generates target site duplications

(2015) Alison B. Hickman et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

CRISPR interference and priming varies with individual spacer sequences

(2015) Chaoyou Xue et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Foreign DNA acquisition by the I-F CRISPR–Cas system requires all components of the interference machinery

(2015) Daria Vorontsova et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Different genome stability proteins underpin primed and naïve adaptation inE. coliCRISPR-Cas immunity

(2015) Ivana Ivančić-Baće et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Three CRISPR-Cas immune effector complexes coexist inPyrococcus furiosus

(2015) Sonali Majumdar et al.   RNA

The CRISPR-associated Csx1 protein ofPyrococcus furiosusis an adenosine-specific endoribonuclease

(2015) Nolan F. Sheppard et al.   RNA

Rationally engineered Cas9 nucleases with improved specificity

(2015) I. M. Slaymaker et al.   SCIENCE

Structures of the CRISPR-Cmr complex reveal mode of RNA target positioning

(2015) D. W. Taylor et al.   SCIENCE

CRISPR/Cas9 cleavage of viral DNA efficiently suppresses hepatitis B virus

(2015) Vyas Ramanan et al.   Scientific Reports

Directional R-Loop Formation by the CRISPR-Cas Surveillance Complex Cascade Provides Efficient Off-Target Site Rejection

(2015) Marius Rutkauskas et al.   Cell Reports

Efficient CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Mice by Zygote Electroporation of Nuclease

(2015) Wenning Qin et al.   GENETICS

The basic building blocks and evolution of CRISPR–Cas systems

(2015) Kira S. Makarova et al.   BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS

Casposons: a new superfamily of self-synthesizing DNA transposons at the origin of prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas immunity

(2014) Mart Krupovic et al.   BMC BIOLOGY

CRISPR-Cas9 Knockin Mice for Genome Editing and Cancer Modeling

(2014) Randall J. Platt et al.   CELL

Crystal Structure of Cas9 in Complex with Guide RNA and Target DNA

(2014) Hiroshi Nishimasu et al.   CELL

Genome-Scale CRISPR-Mediated Control of Gene Repression and Activation

(2014) Luke A. Gilbert et al.   CELL

Development and Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome Engineering

(2014) Patrick D. Hsu et al.   CELL

BREX is a novel phage resistance system widespread in microbial genomes

(2014) T. Goldfarb et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Target RNA capture and cleavage by the Cmr type III-B CRISPR–Cas effector complex

(2014) Caryn R. Hale et al.   GENES & DEVELOPMENT

The Role of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Virulence of Pathogenic Bacteria

(2014) R. Louwen et al.   MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REVIEWS

Structural Model of a CRISPR RNA-Silencing Complex Reveals the RNA-Target Cleavage Activity in Cmr4

(2014) Christian Benda et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

RNA Targeting by the Type III-A CRISPR-Cas Csm Complex of Thermus thermophilus

(2014) Raymond H.J. Staals et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Programmable RNA Shredding by the Type III-A CRISPR-Cas System of Streptococcus thermophilus

(2014) Gintautas Tamulaitis et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Multiplexed and Programmable Regulation of Gene Networks with an Integrated RNA and CRISPR/Cas Toolkit in Human Cells

(2014) Lior Nissim et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

CRISPR-Cas Systems: Prokaryotes Upgrade to Adaptive Immunity

(2014) Rodolphe Barrangou et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Conditional tolerance of temperate phages via transcription-dependent CRISPR-Cas targeting

(2014) Gregory W. Goldberg et al.   NATURE

Structural basis of PAM-dependent target DNA recognition by the Cas9 endonuclease

(2014) Carolin Anders et al.   NATURE

DNA-guided DNA interference by a prokaryotic Argonaute

(2014) Daan C. Swarts et al.   NATURE

DNA interrogation by the CRISPR RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9

(2014) Samuel H. Sternberg et al.   NATURE

Improving CRISPR-Cas nuclease specificity using truncated guide RNAs

(2014) Yanfang Fu et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Exploiting CRISPR-Cas nucleases to produce sequence-specific antimicrobials

(2014) David Bikard et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

CRISPR transcriptional repression devices and layered circuits in mammalian cells

(2014) Samira Kiani et al.   NATURE METHODS

Evolution of adaptive immunity from transposable elements combined with innate immune systems

(2014) Eugene V. Koonin et al.   NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS

Unravelling the structural and mechanistic basis of CRISPR–Cas systems

(2014) John van der Oost et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

CRISPR–Cas systems: beyond adaptive immunity

(2014) Edze R. Westra et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Cas1–Cas2 complex formation mediates spacer acquisition during CRISPR–Cas adaptive immunity

(2014) James K Nuñez et al.   NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

CRISPR-mediated targeted mRNA degradation in the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus

(2014) Ziga Zebec et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

An archaeal CRISPR type III-B system exhibiting distinctive RNA targeting features and mediating dual RNA and DNA interference

(2014) Wenfang Peng et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Detection and characterization of spacer integration intermediates in type I-E CRISPR–Cas system

(2014) Zihni Arslan et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Priming in the Type I-F CRISPR-Cas system triggers strand-independent spacer acquisition, bi-directionally from the primed protospacer

(2014) Corinna Richter et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Classification and evolution of type II CRISPR-Cas systems

(2014) Krzysztof Chylinski et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

RNA-directed gene editing specifically eradicates latent and prevents new HIV-1 infection

(2014) W. Hu et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Degenerate target sites mediate rapid primed CRISPR adaptation

(2014) P. C. Fineran et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Crystal structure of a CRISPR RNA-guided surveillance complex bound to a ssDNA target

(2014) S. Mulepati et al.   SCIENCE

Crystal structure of the CRISPR RNA-guided surveillance complex from Escherichia coli

(2014) R. N. Jackson et al.   SCIENCE

Structures of Cas9 Endonucleases Reveal RNA-Mediated Conformational Activation

(2014) M. Jinek et al.   SCIENCE

Synthesizing AND gate genetic circuits based on CRISPR-Cas9 for identification of bladder cancer cells

(2014) Yuchen Liu et al.   Nature Communications

Essential Structural and Functional Roles of the Cmr4 Subunit in RNA Cleavage by the Cmr CRISPR-Cas Complex

(2014) Nancy F. Ramia et al.   Cell Reports

Concerning RNA-guided gene drives for the alteration of wild populations

(2014) Kevin M Esvelt et al.   eLife

CRISPR-Cas systems: new players in gene regulation and bacterial physiology

(2014) Timothy R. Sampson et al.   Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

CRISPR interference: a structural perspective

(2013) Judith Reeks et al.   BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL

Repurposing CRISPR as an RNA-Guided Platform for Sequence-Specific Control of Gene Expression

(2013) Lei S. Qi et al.   CELL

Dynamic Imaging of Genomic Loci in Living Human Cells by an Optimized CRISPR/Cas System

(2013) Baohui Chen et al.   CELL

Double Nicking by RNA-Guided CRISPR Cas9 for Enhanced Genome Editing Specificity

(2013) F. Ann Ran et al.   CELL

CRISPR-Mediated Modular RNA-Guided Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes

(2013) Luke A. Gilbert et al.   CELL

Molecular mechanisms of CRISPR-mediated microbial immunity

(2013) Giedrius Gasiunas et al.   CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES

A Ruler Protein in a Complex for Antiviral Defense Determines the Length of Small Interfering CRISPR RNAs

(2013) Asma Hatoum-Aslan et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Structure of an RNA Silencing Complex of the CRISPR-Cas Immune System

(2013) Michael Spilman et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Structure and Activity of the RNA-Targeting Type III-B CRISPR-Cas Complex of Thermus thermophilus

(2013) Raymond H.J. Staals et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Structure of the CRISPR Interference Complex CSM Reveals Key Similarities with Cascade

(2013) Christophe Rouillon et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Processing-Independent CRISPR RNAs Limit Natural Transformation in Neisseria meningitidis

(2013) Yan Zhang et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

A novel interference mechanism by a type IIIB CRISPR-Cmr module inSulfolobus

(2013) Ling Deng et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Inter-viral conflicts that exploit host CRISPR immune systems ofSulfolobus

(2013) Susanne Erdmann et al.   MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY

A bacteriophage encodes its own CRISPR/Cas adaptive response to evade host innate immunity

(2013) Kimberley D. Seed et al.   NATURE

Targeted genome engineering in human cells with the Cas9 RNA-guided endonuclease

(2013) Seung Woo Cho et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Cas9 as a versatile tool for engineering biology

(2013) Prashant Mali et al.   NATURE METHODS

Revenge of the phages: defeating bacterial defences

(2013) Julie E. Samson et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY

Staphylococcus epidermidis Csm1 is a 3'-5' exonuclease

(2013) N. F. Ramia et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Evolution of CRISPR RNA recognition and processing by Cas6 endonucleases

(2013) O. Niewoehner et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Programmable repression and activation of bacterial gene expression using an engineered CRISPR-Cas system

(2013) David Bikard et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Comparative genomics of defense systems in archaea and bacteria

(2013) Kira S. Makarova et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Adaptation of the Haloarcula hispanica CRISPR-Cas system to a purified virus strictly requires a priming process

(2013) Ming Li et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

CRISPR-spacer integration reporter plasmids reveal distinct genuine acquisition specificities among CRISPR-Cas I-E variants ofEscherichia coli

(2013) César Díez-Villaseñor et al.   RNA Biology

RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9

(2013) P. Mali et al.   SCIENCE

Genome-Scale CRISPR-Cas9 Knockout Screening in Human Cells

(2013) Ophir Shalem et al.   SCIENCE

Genetic Screens in Human Cells Using the CRISPR-Cas9 System

(2013) Tim Wang et al.   SCIENCE

Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems

(2013) L. Cong et al.   SCIENCE

CRISPR-Cas and restriction–modification systems are compatible and increase phage resistance

(2013) Marie-Ève Dupuis et al.   Nature Communications

Harnessing the CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt latent HIV-1 provirus

(2013) Hirotaka Ebina et al.   Scientific Reports

A virocentric perspective on the evolution of life

(2013) Eugene V Koonin et al.   Current Opinion in Virology

RNA-programmed genome editing in human cells

(2013) Martin Jinek et al.   eLife

Structure and Mechanism of the CMR Complex for CRISPR-Mediated Antiviral Immunity

(2012) Jing Zhang et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

RNA-guided genetic silencing systems in bacteria and archaea

(2012) Blake Wiedenheft et al.   NATURE

Proteins and DNA elements essential for the CRISPR adaptation process in Escherichia coli

(2012) Ido Yosef et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

CRISPR Interference Directs Strand Specific Spacer Acquisition

(2012) Daan C. Swarts et al.   PLoS One

Cleavage of Phage DNA by the Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR3-Cas System

(2012) Alfonso H. Magadán et al.   PLoS One

Cas9-crRNA ribonucleoprotein complex mediates specific DNA cleavage for adaptive immunity in bacteria

(2012) G. Gasiunas et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A Programmable Dual-RNA-Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity

(2012) M. Jinek et al.   SCIENCE

Cas5d Protein Processes Pre-crRNA and Assembles into a Cascade-like Interference Complex in Subtype I-C/Dvulg CRISPR-Cas System

(2012) Ki Hyun Nam et al.   STRUCTURE

Memory of viral infections by CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems: Acquisition of new information

(2012) Peter C. Fineran et al.   VIROLOGY

Molecular memory of prior infections activates the CRISPR/Cas adaptive bacterial immunity system

(2012) Kirill A. Datsenko et al.   Nature Communications

Unification of Cas protein families and a simple scenario for the origin and evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems

(2011) Kira S Makarova et al.   Biology Direct

CRISPR-based adaptive immune systems

(2011) Michael P Terns et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY

Nature and Intensity of Selection Pressure on CRISPR-Associated Genes

(2011) N. Takeuchi et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

Defense Islands in Bacterial and Archaeal Genomes and Prediction of Novel Defense Systems

(2011) K. S. Makarova et al.   JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY

CRISPR RNA maturation by trans-encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III

(2011) Elitza Deltcheva et al.   NATURE

Structures of the RNA-guided surveillance complex from a bacterial immune system

(2011) Blake Wiedenheft et al.   NATURE

Structural basis for CRISPR RNA-guided DNA recognition by Cascade

(2011) Matthijs M Jore et al.   NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

RNA-guided complex from a bacterial immune system enhances target recognition through seed sequence interactions

(2011) B. Wiedenheft et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Interference by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) RNA is governed by a seed sequence

(2011) E. Semenova et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The CRISPR/Cas bacterial immune system cleaves bacteriophage and plasmid DNA

(2010) Josiane E. Garneau et al.   NATURE

Self versus non-self discrimination during CRISPR RNA-directed immunity

(2010) Luciano A. Marraffini et al.   NATURE

CRISPR interference: RNA-directed adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea

(2010) Luciano A. Marraffini et al.   NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS

Sequence- and Structure-Specific RNA Processing by a CRISPR Endonuclease

(2010) Rachel E. Haurwitz et al.   SCIENCE

Self-targeting by CRISPR: gene regulation or autoimmunity?

(2010) Adi Stern et al.   TRENDS IN GENETICS

RNA-Guided RNA Cleavage by a CRISPR RNA-Cas Protein Complex

(2009) Caryn R. Hale et al.   CELL

Short motif sequences determine the targets of the prokaryotic CRISPR defence system

(2009)   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

CRISPR-based adaptive and heritable immunity in prokaryotes

(2009) John van der Oost et al.   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES

Cas6 is an endoribonuclease that generates guide RNAs for invader defense in prokaryotes

(2008) J. Carte et al.   GENES & DEVELOPMENT

Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes

(2008) S. J. J. Brouns et al.   SCIENCE

CRISPR Interference Limits Horizontal Gene Transfer in Staphylococci by Targeting DNA

(2008) Luciano A. Marraffini et al.   SCIENCE