Article
Neurosciences
Ling Zhou, Chuan Lin, Xintao Pang, Hao Yang, Yongcai Pan, Yuwei Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a lightweight edge detection network called PHNet, which draws inspiration from the parallel processing and hierarchical processing mechanisms of visual cortex neurons and is implemented via a convolutional neural network (CNN). Empirical evaluation demonstrates that, despite a minimal parameter count of only 0.2 M, the proposed model achieves remarkable ODS scores of 0.781 on the BSDS500 dataset and 0.863 on the MBDD dataset. These results underscore the efficacy of the proposed network in attaining superior edge detection performance at a low computational cost.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mohamed R. Khalife, Rod C. Scott, Amanda E. Hernan
Summary: This article explores the role of seizures in causing cognitive impairments and presents an alternative hypothesis about these deficits. The article focuses on the mechanisms of information processing underlying healthy cognition and explains how the underlying etiology of epilepsy alters neural networks and potential treatments.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Junru Wu, Wei Zheng, Mengru Han, Niels O. Schiller
Summary: The study found that early and proficient bidialectalism can have a protective effect on the ability of cross-dialectal lexical borrowing in early adulthood, even if it is not directly related to the recipient dialect. Bidialectals tend to add separate lexical representations for dialectal variants encountered incidentally, while monolectals tend to assimilate dialectal variants to standard forms. Dialectal variability enriches, rather than increases, the short-term lexical experience of learners, facilitating lexical borrowing.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Michael A. Eskenazi, Robert L. Askew, Jocelyn R. Folk
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of 110 words as measures of lexical expertise and provide a set of words that more precisely measure lexical expertise. Through an iterative process of removing words with high error variance, a set of 20 words was selected that minimizes measurement error and demonstrates discriminant validity from vocabulary and comprehension abilities.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Phillip (Xin) Cheng, Shrey Grover, Wen Wen, Shruthi Sankaranarayanan, Sierra Davies, Justine Fragetta, David Soto, Robert M. G. Reinhart
Summary: Understanding the neural mechanisms of conscious and unconscious experience is a crucial goal in neuroscience. In this study, researchers used noninvasive electrical stimulation to target the early visual cortex and identified distinct mechanisms for memory processing of conscious and unconscious perception. The findings contribute to existing theories of consciousness, call for revisions to these theories, and offer potential therapeutic interventions for enhancing visual cortical processing.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Efthymia C. Kapnoula
Summary: The examination of novel word learning in L1 and L2 reveals common patterns in the trajectory of lexicalization, with newly learned words initially failing to compete with known words, but later engaging in competition after better integration into the mental lexicon. Both L1 and L2 words exhibit facilitatory effects, which can become inhibitory for high-frequency lexical representations. Despite differences in inter-lexical connections and processing, there is a suggestion of a common mechanism underlying similar patterns in word learning across L1 and L2 contexts.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Karim Johari, Vicky T. Lai, Nicholas Riccardi, Rutvik H. Desai
Summary: Experimental evidence suggests that the modality-specific concept features of action, motion, and sound rely on corresponding neural networks in the human brain. This study investigated whether time-related features of concepts are supported by time perception networks in the brain. The results showed that temporal features of words engaged temporal processing regions and neural oscillations associated with time perception, indicating the involvement of time perception circuits in the brain.
BRAIN AND LANGUAGE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Zhenguang G. Cai, Shuting Huang, Zebo Xu, Nan Zhao
Summary: Two age-of-acquisition (AoA) norms for simplified Chinese characters were constructed in this study, covering a large number of characters and outperforming previous norms in explaining accuracy and reaction times. These developed objective norms can be used for subsequent research on Chinese character recognition or production, highlighting the diachronic nature of lexical variables such as AoA and frequency.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lukas Fischer, Raul Mojica Soto-Albors, Vincent D. Tang, Brendan Bicknell, Christine Grienberger, Valerio Francioni, Richard Noud, Lucy M. Palmer, Naoya Takahashi
Summary: Dendrites receive and process input signals from neurons, playing a crucial role in brain function. Recent research using new experimental and computational technologies has revealed the importance of dendrites in brain work and provided new theoretical insights. Studies have found that dendrites actively mediate sensory perception and learning, contributing to our understanding of both biological and artificial neural computation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Nikole Giovannone, Rachel M. Theodore
Summary: Research suggests that individuals differ in their reliance on lexical information for speech perception, but it is unknown whether these differences reflect a stable listener trait or a context-dependent state. This study tested the hypothesis that individual differences in lexical reliance are a stable trait linked to the weighting of lexical and acoustic-phonetic information. Results showed that individual differences in lexical reliance were stable across sessions, and increased reliance on lexical information was associated with weaker reliance on acoustic-phonetic information. These results highlight the need for a better understanding of the psychometric characteristics of tasks used in psycholinguistics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Suma Chinta, Scott R. Pluta
Summary: This study reveals a rapidly adapting tactile response in the mouse superior colliculus that enhances the localization of unexpected changes in tactile space during external motion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Hyejin Jang, Yujin Jeong, Byungun Yoon
Summary: This study proposes a methodology for designing a TechWord-based lexical database that aims to improve the text mining performance of technological information.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Gabor, Attila Andics, Adam Miklosi, Kalman Czeibert, Cecilia Carreiro, Marta Gacsi
Summary: The study found that the level of attachment dogs feel towards their owners affects their neural activity response to their owner's voice and praise, showing similarities to infant-mother attachment.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Yair Lakretz, Dieuwke Hupkes, Alessandra Vergallito, Marco Marelli, Marco Baroni, Stanislas Dehaene
Summary: The study found that a modern artificial neural network trained with deep learning methods successfully mimicked the storage and use of grammatical information in human sentence processing. However, the simulations also revealed that this mechanism does not fully support recursion and fails in some long-range embedded dependencies.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Tom Macpherson, Masayuki Matsumoto, Hiroaki Gomi, Jun Morimoto, Eiji Uchibe, Takatoshi Hikida
Summary: The brain functions as a network of hierarchically structured neural circuits that enable complex behaviors through parallel processing. Biological organization of information processing has inspired artificial intelligence, leading to systems that can match or surpass humans in specific tasks. The development of human-like robots capable of agile movement in various situations remains a challenge, with promise seen in the further use of parallel and hierarchical architectures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andras Marx, Rita Lenkei, Paula Perez Fraga, Viktoria Bakos, Eniko Kubinyi, Tamas Farago
Summary: The study found that the separation behavior and whining of family dogs are related to their stress levels. Dogs with separation-related problems are more likely to produce whines with non-linear phenomena (NLP), while more active dogs and those attempting to escape produce noisier whines.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rita Lenkei, Tamas Farago, Borbala Zsilak, Peter Pongracz
Summary: The study found that dogs demonstrated an ability to be aware of the consequences of their own actions in the task of viewing their bodies as obstacles, proving that they possess body awareness. This research highlights the importance of studying self-representation in a modularly constructed manner using ecologically valid methods and a bottom-up approach.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Anna Gabor, Noemi Kaszas, Tamas Farago, Paula Perez Fraga, Melinda Lovas, Attila Andics
Summary: This study tested whether dogs can recognize their owner's voice and found that they indeed can. The research also revealed that dogs use acoustic parameters of fundamental frequency and jitter to distinguish voices, but may not utilize all the acoustic parameters that humans use for speaker recognition.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Gabor, Attila Andics, Adam Miklosi, Kalman Czeibert, Cecilia Carreiro, Marta Gacsi
Summary: The study found that the level of attachment dogs feel towards their owners affects their neural activity response to their owner's voice and praise, showing similarities to infant-mother attachment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Balint, Huba EleOd, Lilla Magyari, Anna Kis, Marta Gacsi
Summary: Recent advances in canine neuro-cognition have allowed for non-invasive research on the brain mechanisms of family dogs. This study found that dogs show similar brain responses to humans when it comes to emotional vocalizations, but also exhibit differences and later time periods that may be related to valence-sensitive processes.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cecilia Carreiro, Vivien Reicher, Anna Kis, Marta Gacsi
Summary: This study provides the first evidence that dogs' attachment towards their owner is associated with their sleep structure and brain activity during sleep. Similar to humans, differences in attachment were reflected in sleep EEG characteristics when dogs slept in a novel environment with their owners.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Barbara Csibra, Nora Bunford, Marta Gacsi
Summary: This study aims to assess whether dogs can exhibit ADHD-like behaviors and verify the reliability of the questionnaire used to evaluate these behaviors. The results showed that the questionnaire is a reliable tool to assess ADHD-like behavior in dogs. However, further evaluation using expert ratings and assessment of functional impairment in daily life is necessary to determine whether individual dogs can be diagnosed with ADHD.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Judit Abdai, Stefania Uccheddu, Marta Gacsi, Adam Miklosi
Summary: By studying the behavior of family cats observing moving inanimate objects, we found that cats can also distinguish between chasing and independent motions, but their observation behavior shows a different pattern compared to small family dogs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vivien Reicher, Anna Balint, Dora Ujvary, Marta Gacsi
Summary: Comparative sleep studies are important for understanding the factors affecting sleep features and evolutionary changes. Dogs have become valuable models in sleep research due to their comparability with human sleep data. This study applied the same sleep measurement protocol in wolves, providing the first analysis of their sleep structure and spectral power density.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Letter
Behavioral Sciences
E. Kubinyi, M. Gacsi, J. Topal, A. Miklosi
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Melitta Csepregi, Marta Gacsi
Summary: The study found that breed function, training experience, and owner-reported social motivation level are associated with successful dog-owner cooperation. Dogs with high training levels and high social motivation are more attentive and cooperative. Therefore, future research should consider the subjects' training background and social motivation.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Dora Szabo, Milan Janosov, Kalman Czeibert, Marta Gacsi, Eniko Kubinyi
Summary: In this paper, the authors present the first attempt to map whole-brain functional networks in dogs using a model-based approach. They found two highly connected, multi-region networks in the dog brain, including the auditory regions, but did not detect a designated auditory network.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
David Vincze, Marta Gacsi, Szilveszter Kovacs, Peter Korondi, Adam Miklosi, Mihoko Niitsuma
Summary: This paper introduces the use of automatic coding in Human-Robot Interaction experiments to enhance evaluation accuracy and objectivity, while eliminating the need for manual intervention.
2021 IEEE/ASME INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED INTELLIGENT MECHATRONICS (AIM)
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
David Vincze, Marta Gacsi, Szilveszter Kovacs, Mihoko Niitsuma, Peter Korondi, Adam Miklosi
Summary: Observing behavior in ethological experiments can be resource intensive, with trained observers required to carefully identify behavior elements. To improve efficiency and accuracy, a method capable of automatically coding behavior elements in a simulated environment without the need for skilled observers has been proposed and evaluated. This method shows potential for correctly recognizing exhibited behavior elements.
2021 IEEE/SICE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEM INTEGRATION (SII)
(2021)
