Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lin Yang, Meng Dai, Knut Moeller, Inez Frerichs, Andy Adler, Feng Fu, Zhanqi Zhao
Summary: The study proposes a novel method to correct the calculation of ventilation heterogeneity index using anatomical information, which is found to be more accurate in assessing ventilation distribution compared to traditional methods.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Huaiwu He, Yi Chi, Yingying Yang, Siyi Yuan, Yun Long, Pengyu Zhao, Inez Frerichs, Feng Fu, Knut Moller, Zhanqi Zhao
Summary: In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), individualized positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration by electrical impedance tomography (EIT) did not significantly improve 28-day mortality, ICU length of stay, and ventilator-free days. However, the EIT group showed significant improvement in organ function compared to the control group.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sebastien Gibot, Marie Conrad, Guilhem Courte, Aurelie Cravoisy
Summary: The study suggests that personalized PEEP setting derived from Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) may help achieve a more homogenous distribution of ventilation, but it differs from PEEP values derived from other techniques. Therefore, this approach may have potential benefits for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, but further research is needed to verify its impact on patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
David G. Tingay, Olivia Farrell, Jessica Thomson, Elizabeth J. Perkins, Prue M. Pereira-Fantini, Andreas D. Waldmann, Christoph Ruegger, Andy Adler, Peter G. Davis, Inez Frerichs
Summary: This study investigated the spatial and temporal gas flow, aeration, and ventilation patterns within the lungs of term neonates during successful respiratory transition at birth. The results showed that ventilation within the lung was not uniform, with a unique volume pattern created by initial crying. Neonates naturally regulated expiratory flow to maintain functional residual capacity and redistribute gas to less aerated regions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Consuelo Bachmann, Pablo Cruces, Franco Diaz, Vanessa Oviedo, Mariela Goich, Jose Fuenzalida, Luis Felipe Damiani, Roque Basoalto, Yorschua Jalil, David Carpio, Niki Hamidi Vadeghani, Rodrigo Cornejo, Maximiliano Rovegno, Guillermo Bugedo, Alejandro Bruhn, Jaime Retamal
Summary: Spontaneous breathing during the early stage of acute respiratory failure can lead to lung injury, but this can be prevented by early application of controlled mechanical ventilation. However, late application of controlled mechanical ventilation is ineffective in preventing lung injury in a lung collapse model.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Serge J. H. Heines, Sebastiaan A. M. de Jongh, Ulrich Strauch, Iwan C. C. van der Horst, Marcel C. G. van de Poll, Dennis C. J. J. Bergmans
Summary: This study assessed the effect of PEEP trial on alveolar overdistension and collapse, GI, and dynamic compliance in patients with and without ARDS. The optimal PEEP levels determined by different approaches were compared.
BMC ANESTHESIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Samuel Tuffet, Tommaso Maraffi, Matthieu Lacheny, Francois Perier, Anne-Fleur Haudebourg, Mohamed Ahmed Boujelben, Glasiele Alcala, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Guillaume Carteaux
Summary: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can be used to assess V/Q mismatch in the lungs, but neglecting the absolute values of alveolar ventilation and cardiac output may result in significant bias. The direction of the bias depends on the V-A/Q(C) ratio in ARDS patients.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Vincent D. Gaertner, Andreas D. Waldmann, Peter G. Davis, Dirk Bassler, Laila Springer, Jessica Thomson, David G. Tingay, Christoph M. Ruegger
Summary: This study found that oscillatory volumes during noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) can effectively be transmitted to the lungs in preterm infants. The oscillations were more likely to reach the right lung and non-gravity-dependent areas compared to spontaneous tidal breaths, providing insight into the physiological processes of nHFOV and potential for further refinement of this technique.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Lin Yang, Meng Dai, Shiqin Li, Hang Wang, Xinsheng Cao, Zhanqi Zhao
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of using electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to assess the performance of the anti-gravity straining maneuver (AGSM) and found that EIT could objectively characterize the maneuver details of AGSM. The differences in ventilation characteristics between teachers and students during AGSM implementation were significant, and there were significant reductions in rating scores with EIT compared to without EIT, both assessed by the professor and the students themselves.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhimin Lin, Weixiang Huang, Zhijun Gao, Lin Yang, Yimin Li, Yu Lu, Meng Dai, Feng Fu, Ling Sang, Zhanqi Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of reference electrode on electrical impedance tomography (EIT) image reconstruction. The experiment conducted on 30 lung healthy volunteers showed that the connectivity of the reference electrode significantly affected the quality of EIT data, regardless of recalibration status.
Article
Electrochemistry
A. Schuller, T. J. Schmidt, J. Eller
Summary: A new non-invasive method based on electrical impedance tomography is proposed to determine the conductivity distribution in-plane of the PEFC membrane. The method shows potential in accurately reconstructing different conductivity profiles with surface current injection and voltage measurement. However, the accuracy of electrode positioning, cell characterization, and measurement system still need to be addressed.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhibin Xiao, Na Zhang, Xiajing Zhang, Wenjun Lu, Changjun Gao, Xude Sun
Summary: This case report describes the use of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to assess pendelluft in a post-thoracoscopy patient. The pendelluft amplitude was as high as 77.5% of the tidal variation and the average regional time shift was 0.5 s. By adjusting the breathing method and providing symptomatic treatment, the patient's symptoms improved. This is the first reported case of pendelluft in a post-thoracoscopy patient.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Amelie Zitzmann, Sven Pulletz, Pablo Gonzales-Rios, Paul Frenkel, Peter Teschendorf, Peter Kremeier, Benjamin Loeser, Lisa Krukewitt, Daniel A. Reuter, Stephan H. Boehm, Fabian Mueller-Graf
Summary: The response to positioning maneuvers in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is unpredictable, while healthy volunteers show a typical and predictable gravity-dependent distribution of ventilation.
ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Guan Wang, Lei Zhang, Bin Li, Bingyin Niu, Jian Jiang, Duo Li, Zhu Yue, Yibing Weng
Summary: This study found that the pre-SBT global impedance and SBT region of interest 2 values were significantly associated with predicting successful ventilator weaning, suggesting that EIT could be a valuable tool in improving weaning success rates. Further cohort studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of EIT in the evaluation system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Felix Girrbach, Franziska Zeutzschel, Susann Schulz, Mirko Lange, Alessandro Beda, Antonio Giannella-Neto, Hermann Wrigge, Philipp Simon
Summary: In this study, different methods for determining PEEPIND were compared in 45 obese and non-obese patients, with the RVDI method and compliance-based methods showing high agreement. This suggests that PEEP selection based on best quasi-static or dynamic compliance is favorable for routine clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Lennart Leicht, Marian Walter, Marcel Mathissen, Christoph Hoog Antink, Daniel Teichmann, Steffen Leonhardt
Summary: This study evaluates unobtrusive methods for measuring physiological features for driver state estimation. The results show that these methods can reliably monitor heart rate and respiration rate under laboratory and real driving conditions, but there are motion artifacts in urban driving scenarios.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Andrey Briko, Vladislava Kapravchuk, Alexander Kobelev, Alexey Tikhomirov, Ahmad Hammoud, Mugeb Al-Harosh, Steffen Leonhardt, Chuong Ngo, Yury Gulyaev, Sergey Shchukin
Summary: This article focuses on the choice of electrode systems sizes in electrical impedance myography and proposes a new method to determine acceptable sizes for different body parts. The research results can help improve the expressiveness and reproducibility of electrical impedance signals in myography.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Patrick Borchers, Patrick Winnersbach, Sandra Kraemer, Christian Beckers, Eva Miriam Buhl, Steffen Leonhardt, Rolf Rossaint, Marian Walter, Thomas Breuer, Christian Bleilevens
Summary: This study found that axial-flow pumps may induce stronger hemolysis compared to centrifugal pumps, along with larger amounts of circulating extracellular vesicles and a stronger activation of platelets, potentially leading to adverse events in left ventricular assist device application.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Ferraro, Anja Steinle, Harini Narasimhan, Andreas Bleilevens, Paula-Marie Stolzenberg, Till Braunschweig, Elmar Stickeler, Jochen Maurer
Summary: Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) play a crucial role in tumor recurrence and therapy resistance. Researchers have successfully established primary BCSC cultures from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, providing an excellent model for studying breast cancer treatment options. IRAK2 downregulation shows promising results in inhibiting the aggressive growth and pathways involved in TNBC progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Lin Liu, Steffen Leonhardt, Lukas Bergmann, Berno J. E. Misgeld
Summary: This paper presents an integration of reducing the output impedance and the vibration at the trajectory tracking into one variable stiffness actuator (VSA) system. The VSA operates within the cascade impedance control framework with the unknown input observer (UIO) in the inner torque control loop. By utilizing gain-scheduled UIO and the low and high physical stiffness of VSA, the paper achieves low-output impedance and steady trajectory tracking.
MECHANISM AND MACHINE THEORY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Simon Lyra, Arian Mustafa, Joeran Rixen, Stefan Borik, Markus Lueken, Steffen Leonhardt
Summary: This study investigates the application of a conditional generative adversarial network to augment limited neonatal image datasets by using edge detection frames from neonates to generate RGB images. The quality of the generated RGB images was evaluated using a multistage survey and the FID score. The promising results indicate the potential of conditional generative adversarial networks for training and application in neonatal care.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Joeran Rixen, Steffen Leonhardt, Jochen Moll, Duy Hai Nguyen, Chuong Ngo
Summary: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is limited in spatial resolution due to sensitivity to noise. We investigate a technique to improve EIT reconstructions by incorporating a priori information into the D-Bar algorithm. Our paper aims to explain the behavior and implementation of the D-Bar algorithm, as well as the effect of adding prior information from a radar setup. We analyze different parameters of the reconstruction algorithm using GREIT figures of merit and find that even limited prior information can significantly improve reconstruction quality.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Lukas Bergmann, Oliver Lueck, Daniel Voss, Philipp Buschermoehle, Lin Liu, Steffen Leonhardt, Chuong Ngo
Summary: This study presents the design of a new lower limb exoskeleton with variable stiffness actuators for compliant coupling. By using a nonlinear state estimation method, the subject's motion intention can be accurately estimated, providing more robust results.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Moritz Uhlig, Marc Hein, Moriz A. Habigt, Rene H. Tolba, Till Braunschweig, Marius J. Helmedag, Melissa Arici, Alexander Theissen, Axel Klinkenberg, Uwe Klinge, Mare Mechelinck
Summary: Cirrhotic patients often experience cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM), which is studied in detail through animal models of bile duct ligation (BDL) and a second surgery. The study reveals delayed adaptability, impaired contractility at rest, reduced contractile reserve, increased creatine and transaminase levels, myocardial fibrosis, macrophage infiltration, systemic inflammation, altered expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1a), and increased expression of caspase-3. Structural changes in the myocardium are observed after 8 weeks. Transient myocardial insufficiency and secondary organ dysfunction occur after the second surgery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcelo A. S. de Toledo, Xuhuang Fu, Tiago Maie, Eva M. Buhl, Katrin Goetz, Susanne Schmitz, Anne Kaiser, Peter Boor, Till Braunschweig, Nicolas Chatain, Ivan G. Costa, Tim H. Bruemmendorf, Steffen Koschmieder, Martin Zenke
Summary: In this study, human induced pluripotent stem cells were differentiated into mast cells, which exhibited characteristics of systemic mastocytosis disease. These cells can be used for disease modeling and drug screening.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Onno Linschmann, Durmus Umutcan Uguz, Bianca Romanski, Immo Baarlink, Pujitha Gunaratne, Steffen Leonhardt, Marian Walter, Markus Lueken
Summary: With the increasing level of automation in vehicles, it is crucial to have robust driver monitoring systems to ensure driver intervention at any time. A portable cushion with multiple sensors is presented in this paper to monitor the heart and respiratory rates of a vehicle driver. The initial study with twenty participants in a driving simulator showed promising results in accurately measuring heart and respiratory rates, as well as the potential for monitoring changes in the electrocardiogram. These measurements can be used to detect drowsiness, stress, and predict cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Markus Lueken, Michael Gramlich, Steffen Leonhardt, Nikolaus Marx, Matthias D. Zink
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac disorder that often goes undetected due to its asymptomatic and paroxysmal nature. Large-scale screenings can help identify silent AF early and prevent complications. This study presents a machine learning-based algorithm for assessing the signal quality of hand-held diagnostic ECG devices to improve accuracy in detecting AF.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas Muders, Benjamin Hentze, Steffen Leonhardt, Christian Putensen
Summary: Monitoring regional blood flow distribution in the lungs is useful for optimizing ventilation therapy. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can measure regional lung perfusion using different contrast agents. The study evaluated the suitability of five clinically approved solutions as EIT contrast agents. NaCl 5.85% and sodium-bicarbonate 8.4% showed the best results, while Iomeprol and Glucose 5% also produced usable signals. Isotonic balanced crystalloid solution was not effective. Further research is needed to determine optimal doses and balance reliability with potential side effects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Axel Dievernich, Johannes Stegmaier, Pascal Achenbach, Svetlana Warkentin, Till Braunschweig, Ulf Peter Neumann, Uwe Klinge
Summary: Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a common and deadly form of cancer worldwide. Numerous studies have examined the impact of immune infiltrates on cancer patient prognosis, but accurately delineating the cancer area has been challenging due to heterogeneity and operator variability. However, advancements in multiplex analyses and machine learning techniques offer potential for objective identification of cancer areas and analysis of prognostic immune parameters.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Chenglin Lyu, Pedro Truppel Morim, Bernhard Penzlin, Felix Roehren, Lukas Bergmann, Philip von Platen, Cornelius Bollheimer, Steffen Leonhardt, Chuong Ngo
Summary: This study proposes a hybrid exoskeleton approach combining a traditional exoskeleton and functional electrical stimulation (FES) for the rehabilitation of paralysis caused by a stroke or a spinal cord injury. The closed-loop FES control strategy is demonstrated to be feasible for training and shows improved performance compared to open-loop control, with reduced muscle fatigue and increased robustness.