Article
Veterinary Sciences
Dario A. Vallejo-Timaran, Ali Bazzazan, Mariela Segura, Nelson E. Prieto-Cardenas, Rejean C. Lefebvre
Summary: The study aimed to describe the local innate immune response during clinical cervicitis in dairy cows. Results showed that at +3 weeks postpartum, IL1, IL8, and AGP concentrations in the uterus and the fornix were significantly higher in CC cows than healthy cows.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenxiang Shen, Xiaoyu Ma, Dan Shao, Xiaohu Wu, Shengyi Wang, Juanshan Zheng, Yanan Lv, Xuezhi Ding, Baohua Ma, Zuoting Yan
Summary: The study found that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in bovine endometrial epithelial cell (BEEC) pyroptosis during endometritis in dairy cows.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. R. Guadagnin, L. K. Fehlberg, B. Thomas, Y. Sugimoto, I. Shinzato, F. C. Cardoso
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of feeding rumen-protected lysine (RPL) prepartum and postpartum on reproductive performance, uterine health, and gene expression. The results showed that feeding RPL prepartum improved uterine immune status, but had no effect on days to first ovulation postpartum.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Husnain, U. Arshad, M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, M. Nehme Marinho, M. C. Perdomo, P. Fan, K. C. Jeong, C. D. Nelson, I. M. Sheldon, J. J. Bromfield, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of inducing endometrial inflammation by infusing utero-pathogenic bacteria on productive performance and reproduction in lactating cows. The results showed that induced endometrial inflammation compromised milk production and reproduction in cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nicolas Barbeau-Gregoire, Alexandre Boyer, Marjolaine Rousseau, Marie-Lou Gauthier, Jocelyn Dubuc
Summary: The study aimed to validate the accuracy of on-farm bacteriological culture media (Tri-plate and Petrifilm) from endometrial samples compared to the results from the diagnostic laboratory. Results showed that using >90 and >100 colonies as criteria for Tri-plate and Petrifilm on-farm systems respectively gave optimal results when compared to the standard laboratory. This suggests that Tri-plate media with a threshold of >90 colonies is effective in diagnosing endometritis accurately.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Eriky Akio de Oliveira Tongu, Lorenzo G. T. M. Segabinazzi, Marina Landim Alvarenga, Aldine Monteiro, Frederico Ozanam Papa, Marco Antonio Alvarenga
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) on sperm parameters, intrauterine inflammation, intrauterine fluid accumulation, and fertility in mares. MSC-CM did not affect sperm parameters when mixed with diluted semen, and reduced post-insemination inflammatory responses in mares with different susceptibilities to endometritis. Fertility rates did not differ significantly among groups.
Review
Immunology
Rodolfo R. Favaro, Katherine Phillips, Romane Delaunay-Danguy, Kaja Ujcic, Udo R. Markert
Summary: Members of the innate immune system, specifically innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), play important roles in the uterine environment, supporting pregnancy and placental development. These cells demonstrate immune memory, allowing them to remember previously encountered antigens and mount enhanced responses. By studying ILCs, we can gain insights into the immunological mechanisms underlying female fertility/infertility, placental development, and distinct outcomes in second pregnancies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Kristi Jones, Federico Cunha, Soo Jin Jeon, Johanny Perez-Baez, Segundo Casaro, Peixin Fan, Ting Liu, Shinyoung Lee, Kwangcheol Casey N. Jeong, Yongqiang Yang, Klibs N. Galvao
Summary: This study investigated the source and route of bacterial colonization in the uterus of dairy cows. It found that the gastrointestinal tract is likely the source of bacteria that colonize the reproductive tract, ascending through the lower genital tract to reach the uterus. Cow-to-cow transmission was also observed, and strains were not specific to body site or health status.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Xinxin Wang, Yuping Lai
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate the mechanism by which pattern recognition receptors NOD1 and NOD2 sense bacterial muropeptides to induce inflammation in keratinocytes. They demonstrate that solute carrier 46A2 (SLC46A2) transports DAP-muropeptides into the cytosol, leading to NOD1 activation and subsequent skin inflammation during psoriasis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Dubuc, V Fauteux, M. Villettaz-Robichaud, J-P Roy, M. Rousseau, S. Buczinski
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the efficacy of a second intrauterine cephapirin treatment on postpartum dairy cows affected by PVD or ENDO. Results showed that a second treatment increased the pregnancy risk at first insemination in cows affected by PVD and ENDO. Administering a second intrauterine cephapirin infusion 14 days after the initial treatment did improve subsequent reproductive performance in these cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Bingke Wang, Jinbang Xiao, Yongjie Ma, Chuxi Gao, Hanbing Li, Yonghong Jia, Yaping Jin, Pengfei Lin
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the hormone program M+C with the Pre-OvSynch program. The results showed that the M+C program had significantly better pregnancy rates and reduced the number of artificial inseminations compared to the Pre-OvSynch program, while also significantly reducing open days.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hiroaki Okawa, Missaka M. P. Wijayagunawardane, Peter L. A. M. Vos, Osamu Yamato, Masayasu Taniguchi, Mitsuhiro Takagi
Summary: Intrauterine infusion of chitosan solution in early postpartum dairy cows can accelerate uterine recovery from endometritis, potentially serving as a replacement for prostaglandin F-2 alpha administration. The treatment has antimicrobial effects on the uterus and does not show adverse effects on fertility.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Ugur Topaloglu, Muzaffer Aydin Ketani
Summary: Homeobox proteins are found to play critical roles in regulating uterine and placental physiology in cows, with varying immunoreactivity observed in different trimesters of gestation. These proteins may be involved in the regulation of endometrial functions and the proliferation and differentiation of endometrial and placental cells in cows.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadia Lampiasi
Summary: Mast cells and macrophages are innate immune cells that play important roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to inflammatory conditions. Their crosstalk is essential for optimal coordination of their functions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wenyong Huang, Dongmei Ye, Wenjing He, Xiaoshun He, Xiaomin Shi, Yifang Gao
Summary: The study found that MAIT cells in patients with HCC had lower levels in both peripheral blood and liver compared to healthy controls, with reduced IFN-γ production. While peripheral MAIT cells showed upregulation of HLA-DR and PD-1, intrasinusoidal MAIT cells did not exhibit significant differences. Additionally, MAIT cells were significantly enriched in the livers of HCC patients, showing high levels of activation and exhaustion markers.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Heather L. Chaney, Lindsay F. Grose, Gilles Charpigny, Susanta K. Behura, I. Martin Sheldon, James G. Cronin, Patrick Lonergan, Thomas E. Spencer, Daniel J. Mathew
Summary: This study identified biologically relevant IFNT-stimulated genes in specific endometrial cell types. The findings provide critical information on the effects of conceptus IFNT on specific endometrial compartments during early developmental processes in cattle.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Megan Chambers, April Rees, James G. Cronin, Manju Nair, Nicholas Jones, Catherine A. Thornton
Summary: Macrophages are crucial components of the innate immune system and play a significant role in pregnancy by contributing to various processes that support reproductive success. Disruption of the local tissue microenvironment can affect macrophage function and is linked to adverse obstetric outcomes. Understanding the environmental influences on macrophage polarization at the maternal-fetal interface could help in alleviating adverse pregnancy outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicholas Jones, Julianna Blagih, Fabio Zani, April Rees, David G. Hill, Benjamin J. Jenkins, Caroline J. Bull, Diana Moreira, Azari I. M. Bantan, James G. Cronin, Daniele Avancini, Gareth W. Jones, David K. Finlay, Karen H. Vousden, Emma E. Vincent, Catherine A. Thornton
Summary: The research demonstrates that fructose intake can alter immune cell metabolism, leading to increased production of inflammatory cytokines, and reducing metabolic flexibility.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Thomas J. R. Ormsby, Sian E. Owens, Liam Clement, Tom J. Mills, James G. Cronin, John J. Bromfield, Iain Martin Sheldon
Summary: This study found that oxysterols stimulate the intrinsic protection of epithelial cells against pore-forming toxins, thereby fighting against bacterial infection and toxin damage.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
April Rees, Oliver Richards, Megan Chambers, Benjamin J. Jenkins, James G. Cronin, Catherine A. Thornton
Summary: Metabolic and immune adaptation are important features of pregnancy. The field of immunometabolism explores how cellular metabolism influences immune cell function, and it may play a crucial role in immune plasticity during pregnancy. Obesity, a metabolic disorder, can modify immunometabolism and lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further research on the interactions between metabolism, immunoinflammation, and pregnancy outcomes is needed.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
L. Q. Magalhaes, S. P. F. Barbosa, N. S. Fagundes, M. O. Almeida, L. C. Carneiro, F. Z. Brandao, G. M. Nogueira, E. C. M. Pereira, J. P. E. Saut
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of progesterone and estradiol on the systemic inflammatory response of cows challenged with intrauterine lipopolysaccharide. It was found that a prolonged exposure to P4 induced a more intense systemic response compared to E2 exposure.
Article
Developmental Biology
Anthony D. Horlock, Thomas J. R. Ormsby, Martin J. D. Clift, Jose E. P. Santos, John J. Bromfield, I. Martin Sheldon
Summary: This study demonstrates the role of cholesterol in supporting inflammatory responses to LPS in bovine granulosa cells. Serum or follicular fluid containing cholesterol enhances the secretion of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta in granulosa cells stimulated with LPS, while depleting cholesterol diminishes this effect. Furthermore, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cholesterol biosynthesis pathway are also involved in granulosa cell inflammation.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Paula C. C. Molinari, Brittney D. Davidson, Jimena Laporta, Geoffrey E. Dahl, I. Martin Sheldon, John J. Bromfield
Summary: Heat stress increases susceptibility to uterine diseases in dairy cows. This study shows that implementing evaporative cooling to alleviate heat stress during late pregnancy can have carry-over effects on postpartum innate immunity, potentially reducing the incidence of uterine disease.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marc Bilbao-Asensio, Ane Ruiz-de-Angulo, Amaia Garaikoetxea Arguinzoniz, James Cronin, Jordi Llop, Aintzane Zabaleta, Saul Michue-Seijas, Dominika Sosnowska, James N. Arnold, Juan C. Mareque-Rivas
Summary: By modulating redox reactivity and ferroptosis, and utilizing nanoparticle-assisted lymphatic delivery, significant suppression of melanoma tumor growth can be achieved.
ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Benjamin J. Jenkins, Julianna Blagih, Fernando M. Ponce-Garcia, Mary Canavan, Nancy Gudgeon, Simon Eastham, David Hill, Megan M. Hanlon, Eric H. Ma, Emma L. Bishop, April Rees, James G. Cronin, Elizabeth C. Jury, Sarah K. Dimeloe, Douglas J. Veale, Catherine A. Thornton, Karen H. Vousden, David K. Finlay, Ursula Fearon, Gareth W. Jones, Linda Sinclair, Emma E. Vincent, Nicholas Jones
Summary: This study found that canagliflozin, a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, compromises the function of T cells by inhibiting T cell receptor signaling and reducing c-Myc levels. This leads to impaired production of metabolic proteins and solute carriers. Importantly, T cells from patients with autoimmune disorders also showed impaired effector function after treatment with canagliflozin.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Husnain, U. Arshad, M. B. Poindexter, R. Zimpel, M. Nehme Marinho, M. C. Perdomo, P. Fan, K. C. Jeong, C. D. Nelson, I. M. Sheldon, J. J. Bromfield, J. E. P. Santos
Summary: The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of inducing endometrial inflammation by infusing utero-pathogenic bacteria on productive performance and reproduction in lactating cows. The results showed that induced endometrial inflammation compromised milk production and reproduction in cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Thomas J. R. Ormsby, Sian E. Owens, Matthew L. Turner, James G. Cronin, John J. Bromfield, I. Martin Sheldon
Summary: Glucocorticoids increase the intrinsic protection of tissue cells against pore-forming toxins by activating the glucocorticoid receptor and HMGCR. Treating cell lines with glucocorticoids can prevent cell damage caused by bacterial pore-forming toxins.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Amy K. Holt, Arafath K. Najumudeen, Tracey J. Collard, Hao Li, Laura M. Millett, Ashley J. Hoskin, Danny N. Legge, Eleanor M. H. Mortensson, Dustin J. Flanagan, Nicholas Jones, Madhu Kollareddy, Penny Timms, Matthew D. Hitchings, James Cronin, Owen J. Sansom, Ann C. Williams, Emma E. Vincent
Summary: This study comprehensively characterizes the metabolic impact of long-term aspirin exposure on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and identifies nodes of metabolic vulnerability for further targeting. The results show that aspirin leads to significant metabolic reprogramming in CRC cells and suggests that aspirin could enhance the efficacy of metabolic cancer therapies in CRC.
CANCER & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Patrycja Kurowska, Ewa Mlyczynska, Julia Wajda, Konrad Krol, Karolina Pich, Patrycja Guzman, Aleksandra Greggio, Oliwia Szkraba, Malgorzata Opydo, Joelle Dupont, Agnieszka Rak
Summary: This study investigated the expression of PNX-14 and GPR173 in ovarian tissue and the effects of PNX-14 on granulosa cell function. The results showed that PNX-14 can influence ovarian follicle growth by promoting granulosa cell proliferation, hormone secretion, and cell cycle progression.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Sonia Srivastava, Swarnima Mishra, Gyan Babu, Banalata Mohanty
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of PD149163 in preventing/ameliorating LPS-induced inflammation in the female reproductive system of mice. The results showed that PD149163 reduced/prevented the inflammation in the ovary and uterine horn, restored the balance of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, and recovered the levels of reproductive hormones and corticosterone.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Chen Zhang, Hongyan Cheng, Xue Ye, Heng Cui, Yi Li, Honglan Zhu, Xiaohong Chang
Summary: Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) is significantly upregulated in endometriosis tissues. Blocking ECM1 attenuates cell migration and invasion. ECM1 regulates cell migration, invasion, and cytoskeleton reorganization via the RhoC/ROCK1 signaling pathway.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
(2024)