Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Y. Xiao, M. O. Borgh, A. Blinova, T. Ollikainen, J. Ruostekoski, D. S. Hall
Summary: In this study, the authors demonstrate previously unobserved vortex line defects with discrete polytope symmetries in atomic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, which are of interest to quantum information applications. By carefully manipulating spinor rotations and microwave transitions, the researchers engineer singular line defects that possess complex underlying symmetries, resulting in non-commutative properties that could have unconventional implications for quantum information and interferometry.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jing Li, Peng Song, Jinpei Zhao, Kristina Vaklinova, Xiaoxu Zhao, Zejun Li, Zhizhan Qiu, Zihao Wang, Li Lin, Meng Zhao, Tun Seng Herng, Yuxin Zuo, Win Jonhson, Wei Yu, Xiao Hai, Pin Lyu, Haomin Xu, Huimin Yang, Cheng Chen, Stephen J. Pennycook, Jun Ding, Jinghua Teng, A. H. Castro Neto, Kostya S. Novoselov, Jiong Lu
Summary: A mild electrochemical exfoliation method has been developed to synthesize large-size, high crystallinity two-dimensional superconductor monolayers, enabling the fabrication of twisted van der Waals heterostructures and printed films. This method yields 2DSC monolayers with unconventional Ising pair superconductivity and enhanced upper critical field, with NbSe2 achieving a high yield of large single-crystal monolayers up to 300 μm. The resulting twisted NbSe2 vdWHs exhibit high stability, good interfacial properties, and modulation of critical current by magnetic field interaction.
Article
Optics
Soumyadeep Halder, Subrata Das, Sonjoy Majumder
Summary: The recent realization of a binary dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate opens up new possibilities for studying quantum droplets and supersolids in binary mixtures. In this study, the ground-state phases and dynamics of a Dy-Dy mixture are investigated using three-dimensional numerical simulations. Various interesting phases, including single-droplet, multiple-droplets, doubly supersolid, and superfluid states, are observed in both miscible and immiscible phases. The dynamics across phase boundaries are also explored, showing abrupt changes in phase and the formation of metastable states.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Yves, Xiang Ni, Andrea Alu
Summary: Topology is a branch of mathematics that studies the characteristics of objects that remain unchanged under continuous deformations. Recently, the powerful tools of topology have been used to study the electronic band structure of crystals, explaining topological phase transitions and the stability of certain band structures against perturbations. These findings have also led to the discovery of topological insulators, which have protected boundary states with unique transport properties. Furthermore, these discoveries have implications for sound control and manipulation technologies.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Marc Brachet, Georges Sadaka, Zhentong Zhang, Victor Kalt, Ionut Danaila
Summary: This article introduces a new numerical model that couples a Navier-Stokes incompressible fluid with a Gross-Pitaevskii superfluid. The coupling terms involve new definitions of the superfluid vorticity and velocity fields, the friction force exerted by quantized vortices to the normal fluid, and the covariant gradient operator in the Gross-Pitaevskii model based on a slip velocity respecting the dynamics of vortex lines in the normal fluid. The authors test and validate the coupled system of equations using numerical algorithms.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Ziwu Li, Zhifan Liu, Qiyong Zhang, Meng Dai, Zijian Zhang, Yixuan He
Summary: A new solver based on the simplified two-fluid model has been developed and used to simulate the thermal counterflow phenomenon of superfluid helium. The numerical simulation results agree well with the experimental results, supporting the conjecture that large scale quantum turbulence in superfluid helium can be explained using classical mechanics.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ylann Rouzaire, Demian Levis
Summary: We investigate the ordering dynamics of a two-dimensional noisy Kuramoto model with short-range coupling and a Gaussian distribution of intrinsic frequencies. We find that the long-term properties of this system do not depend on the inertia of individual oscillators. The model does not exhibit any phase transition and the quench dynamics proceeds via domain growth. Topological defects are free and vortices perform a random walk similar to a self-avoiding random walk, exhibiting long-time super-diffusion with an anomalous exponent alpha = 3/2.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xiangyu Song, Soorya Suresh Babu, Yang Bai, Dmitry S. Golubev, Irina Burkova, Alexander Romanov, Eduard Ilin, James N. Eckstein, Alexey Bezryadin
Summary: This article reports on an array of superconducting islands positioned on a topological insulator film Bi0.8Sb1.2Te3, which is analogous to an optical diffraction grating and exhibits a sharper critical current peak than an ordinary SQUID in a weak magnetic field. This array can be used as a sensitive absolute magnetic field sensor and also shows a superconducting diode effect.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Stephan J. Schmutzler, Adrian Ruckhofer, Wolfgang E. Ernst, Anton Tamtoegl
Summary: The surface of Bi(114) is a notable example where reduced dimensionality leads to structural rearrangement and new states. Through helium atom scattering (HAS) measurements, we present a study of the surface structure and electronic corrugation of this quasi one-dimensional topological metal. Unlike low-index metal surfaces, scattering from the stepped (114) truncation of Bi results in a significant amount of the incident beam being scattered into higher order diffraction channels, making the analysis challenging.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hai Viet Bui, Farhang Loran, Ali Mostafazadeh
Summary: The study provides a detailed treatment of scattering problems for finite collections of point and parallel line defects in two dimensions, including renormalization of coupling constants, introduction of an approximation scheme, analytic calculation of scattering amplitudes and Green's functions, investigation of perturbations, and application in geometric scattering studies. This results offer a fundamental framework for studying spectral singularities, lasing, and antilasing phenomena in effectively two-dimensional optical systems with lossy and/or active elements.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Malz, Adam Smith
Summary: The study demonstrates the implementation of time-dependent experiments on a single qubit using IBM Quantum Experience, achieving high fidelities of around 97%. The results suggest the possibility of realizing a wide class of Floquet Hamiltonians, providing new directions for theoretical and experimental research on many-body systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Yixiao Wang, Anne-Sophie Walter, Gregor Jotzu, Konrad Viebahn
Summary: This study explores the possibilities of Floquet engineering in two dimensions using two-frequency driving. It reveals competing topological phases in a simple Bravais lattice when two resonant drives interfere. Additionally, it demonstrates the tuning of symmetry breaking in the hexagonal lattice through Floquet modulation. The potential applications include generating topological bands for ultracold atoms and realizing nonlinear Hall effects and Haldane's parity anomaly.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Grace H. Zhang, David R. Nelson
Summary: This study examines the ordered defect structures embedded in two-dimensional crystals, where dislocations form one-dimensional lattices. Two one-dimensional phase transitions are identified in dislocation pileups: thermal depinning transition and melting transition from a quasi-long-range ordered floating-defect solid phase to a defect liquid phase. Transition temperatures are observed through the one-dimensional structure factor, showing changes in Bragg peaks as one approaches the two-dimensional melting transition of the host crystal.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Domenico Giuliano, Phong H. Nguyen, Andrea Nava, Massimo Boninsegni
Summary: We present a theoretical study on the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a two-dimensional superfluid with an externally imposed density modulation. Using analytical and numerical techniques, we show that as the modulation amplitude increases, the system exhibits behavior similar to the anisotropic x-y model, with a lower superfluid transition temperature and anisotropic response, but no dimensional crossover.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Luke Causer, Mari Carmen Banuls, Juan P. Garrahan
Summary: We use projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) to study the large deviation statistics of the dynamical activity of the two-dimensional East model and the two-dimensional symmetric simple exclusion process (SSEP) with open boundaries on lattices up to 40 x 40 sites. We find that both models exhibit phase transitions between active and inactive phases at long times, with the transition in the 2D East model being of the first order and indications of a second order transition in the SSEP. We also demonstrate the use of PEPS to implement a trajectory sampling scheme for accessing rare trajectories, and discuss the extension of these methods to study rare events at finite times.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
