Variogram time-series analysis of wind speed

Fluctuations of wind-power production are a significant hindrance to its high penetration in power systems. System operators have to provide complementary power and relevant control strategies to smooth out the fluctuations when large-scale wind power ones is injected into the grid. To better smooth the fluctuations, the change rate of the wind speed is a critical piece of information. In this study, the variogram function is introduced to measure the change rate of the wind speed. Based on the variogram time-series, some statistical analyses are conducted. These results contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics of the change rate of the wind speed, such as the chronological variation pattern of the change rate on a day, whether the future change rate can be forecasted, and whether there is a relationship between the change rate and wind speed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.