Article
Thermodynamics
M. Gowthama Krishnan, Sundararajan Rajkumar
Summary: This experimental study investigates the effects of dual fuel combustion of isobutanol on the performance, emission, and energy-exergy characteristics of an off-road diesel engine. The results show that the dual fuel combustion of isobutanol can improve the thermal efficiency and reduce the emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. Additionally, at a certain premixed energy ratio, the dual fuel combustion of B20 isobutanol has a positive effect on improving the energy-exergy efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Akshay Jain, Bhaskor Jyoti Bora, Rakesh Kumar, Prabhakar Sharma, Bhaskar Jyoti Medhi, Gottipati Venkata Rambabu, Balakrishnan Deepanraj
Summary: The study explores the possibility of improving the performance of a Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel run diesel engine by operating at different injection timings and load settings. The results show that retarding the injection timing at 20° bTDC improves fuel conversion efficiency, reduces exergy destruction, and lowers emissions. At injection timing of 20° bTDC for 100% load, the brake thermal efficiencies were found to be 26.11% and 27.76%, respectively, under biodiesel and diesel mode.
Article
Thermodynamics
Battal Dogan, Mehmet Celik, Cihan Bayindirli, Dervis Erol
Summary: This paper investigated the influence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles additives on biodiesel fuel obtained from cottonseed oil. The fuel blends formed by nanoparticles with biodiesel fuel were evaluated in terms of performance and emissions. The results showed that adding nanoparticles to biodiesel fuel increased thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency, and decreased total exergy losses in fuel blends.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dervis Erol, Murat Kadir Yesilyurt, Hayri Yaman, Battal Dogan
Summary: The research evaluated the usability of diesel-biodiesel and diesel-biodiesel-hexanol fuel blends as alternatives to diesel fuel in a compression ignition engine. Energy and exergy analyses were conducted and the sustainability index was calculated. The results showed that the diesel-biodiesel binary fuel blend was the most suitable alternative fuel, with higher thermal efficiency, exergy efficiency, and sustainability index values compared to pure diesel fuel. The sustainability index decreased with an increase in alcohol and hexanol ratios in the fuel blends.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chandrabhushan Tiwari, Tikendra Nath Verma, Gaurav Dwivedi, Puneet Verma
Summary: Renewable energy is gaining more attention due to the depletion of fossil fuel reserves. In this study, Spirulina microalgae were used as feedstock for biodiesel production. Energy and exergy analysis were conducted on a diesel engine using different fuel blends. The results showed that the exergy efficiency of pure diesel was higher than that of biodiesel blends. The study also found that the engine's sustainability index was associated with exergy efficiencies.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mustafa Acaroglu, Eyup Baser, Hasan Aydogan, Eyub Canli
Summary: A study was conducted on the biofuel properties of Onopordum spp., including the production processes and quantification of exergy destruction. The research aims to identify a suitable candidate for producing drought-resistant renewable energy plants.
Article
Thermodynamics
Suleyman Simsek, Gursah Guruf, Samet Uslu, Hatice Simsek
Summary: In this study, the exergy, exergoeconomic, enviroeconomic, and sustainability index analyses of biodiesel and diesel blends obtained from waste animal fats were conducted. The experiment utilized a fixed-speed four-stroke, single-cylinder, and air-cooled compression ignition engine operating at engine loads between 500 and 3000 W. The results showed that the highest exergy efficiency, lowest relative cost difference, and maximum sustainability index value were obtained in the D90B10 fuel at a 3000 W engine load. Regarding enviroeconomics, the cost of annual CO2 emission was found to increase with engine load, with D90B10 fuel being closest to D100 fuel at low engine loads.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dmytro Zhuravel, Kyrylo Samoichuk, Serhii Petrychenko, Andrii Bondar, Taras Hutsol, Maciej Kubon, Marcin Niemiec, Lyudmyla Mykhailova, Zofia Grodek-Szostak, Dmytro Sorokin
Summary: This paper discusses the impact of using biodiesel fuel on the reliability of engine fuel systems and develops a reliability model. Comprehensive indicators include the coefficient of readiness and technical utilization. The results show that replacing structural materials can improve the availability and technical utilization coefficient of the fuel system.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sedigheh Karami, Ayat Gharehghani
Summary: The addition of cerium oxide nano-particles to diesel/biodiesel fuel blend can enhance the efficiency and reduce fuel consumption of the engine. Experimental results show that different concentrations of nano-particles lead to significant improvements in brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption. Increasing the concentration of nano-particles also has a positive impact on the exergy efficiency of the engine when using biodiesel blends.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Saket Kumar, Raghvendra Gautam
Summary: Exergy-energy analysis of biodiesel and baseline diesel was compared at various engine design variables to determine optimal operating conditions for efficient combustion of B20 blend fuel. The results showed that energy efficiency was 31.69% at a compression ratio of 17.5 and injection pressure of 210 bar, with the maximum efficiency observed for diesel at 32.67%. Based on the data analysis, it is suggested that B20 tallow-based biodiesel can be used as an efficient and sustainable fuel.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Juan Zapata-Mina, Alvaro Restrepo, Juan Esteban Tibaquira
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of low glyceride palm oil biodiesel blended with diesel fuel in a compression ignition engine through experimental analysis of exergy, emissions, and combustion characteristics. The results showed that higher concentrations of CO and CO2 were obtained for B10, while lower concentrations of NOx were found for B20 and B50. Increasing the fuel blend improved the combustion process by enhancing premixed burning and reducing diffuse burning. Decreasing the glyceride content in biodiesel resulted in adequate performance, significant emission reduction, and homogeneous combustion when blended with conventional diesel.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Aneesh Vijay Kale, Anand Krishnasamy
Summary: This study investigates the limitations of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) in a light-duty diesel engine using isopropanol-gasoline blends. By adding 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN) as a cetane booster additive, the lower load limits of HCCI were broadened, and the HCCI with isopropanol-gasoline blends showed significant reductions in energy consumption, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and soot emissions compared to conventional diesel combustion (CDC), especially at higher loads. Exergy analysis demonstrated that the second law efficiency of HCCI improved with increased isopropanol content in the test fuels at a specific load. Overall, the results suggest that isopropanol-gasoline blends are viable alternatives to diesel for operating HCCI engines that meet emission and performance targets.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sama Amid, Mortaza Aghbashlo, Wanxi Peng, Ali Hajiahmad, Bahman Naja, Hassan S. Ghaziaskar, Hajar Rastegari, Pouya Mohammadi, Homa Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Su Shiung Lam, Meisam Tabatabaei
Summary: This study investigated the performance of a diesel engine running on fuel mixtures with EGDA from exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental perspectives. The results showed that engine load significantly influenced the exergetic parameters, and adding EGDA to fuel mixtures did not improve the engine's performance due to its energy-intensive and cost-prohibitive production process. Overall, the adverse effects of additives on thermodynamic parameters of diesel engines, especially on exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental indices, should be considered before real-world application.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Parthasarathy Murugesan, Anh Tuan Hoang, Elumalai Perumal Venkatesan, Dash Santosh Kumar, Dhinesh Balasubramanian, Anh Tuan Le, Van Viet Pham
Summary: The development of low-temperature combustion models combined with the use of biofuels has shown great potential in reducing pollutant emissions. This study investigated the performance of a CI engine fueled by diesel, Euglena Sanguinea (ES), and their blends. The results demonstrated that the combination of hydrogen-enriched gas and GO-added ES20D80 in the HCCI mode significantly reduced NOx and smoke emissions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hongqing Feng, Xiaofan Chen, Liangliang Sun, Ruixiu Ma, Xiuxia Zhang, Lijun Zhu, Chaohe Yang
Summary: This paper systematically examines the influences of methanol/n-butanol/biodiesel/diesel blend fuels on the performance of turbocharged diesel engines. The results show that the use of blended fuels increases cylinder peak pressure, prolongs ignition delay, and improves fuel consumption rate and brake thermal efficiency. Multi-blend fuels reduce soot emission while slightly increasing NOx emission. EGR and delayed injection timing are effective in reducing NOx emissions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.