Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Eduardo Q. Alves, Kita D. Macario, Paula Spotorno, Fabiana M. Oliveira, Marcelo C. Muniz, Stewart Fallon, Rosa Souza, Andreia Salvador, Anita Eschner, Christopher Bronk Ramsey
Summary: Scientific expeditions in the 19th century collected valuable interdisciplinary data and samples, which are now held in museums worldwide and provide unique opportunities for research. This study utilized samples from Brazil's coast to investigate the Marine Reservoir Effect (MRE) and revealed variability in C-14 concentration, with implications for environmental and archaeological studies in the region. The results also contribute to the validation of C-14 simulations in numerical models, highlighting the importance of natural history collections beyond biodiversity preservation.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Nicholas Schmuck, Joshua Reuther, James F. Baichtal, Risa J. Carlson
Summary: This study emphasizes the significance of recognizing the marine reservoir effect in radiocarbon analysis and provides a local evaluation of MRE, showing both local variability and regional correlation with coastal upwelling. Regional Delta R averages fluctuate during specific time periods, affecting calibrations of archaeological and paleontological specimens.
QUATERNARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lucile Beck, Ingrid Caffy, Jean-Pascal Dumoulin, Stephane Hain, Christophe Moreau, Marion Perron, Marc Sieudat, Bruno Thellier, Charlotte Van Hove
Summary: Spermaceti, a waxy substance found in the head of sperm whales, had various commercial applications in the past. By using C-14 dating on samples preserved in the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris, researchers estimated the age of spermaceti samples to be between 1805 and 1815. These results, the first ever obtained for spermaceti, will require further measurements on crude material for better accuracy.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yushuang Zhang, Valier Galy, Meng Yu, Hailong Zhang, Meixun Zhao
Summary: This study used ramped oxidation radiocarbon analysis to investigate the age and reactivity distribution of organic carbon (OC) transported by the Yellow River and preserved in Chinese marginal sea sediments. The results showed that the Yellow River suspended sediments mainly contain aged biospheric loess OC, and terrestrial OC has a high preservation rate in the marginal sea sediments. However, the preservation of terrestrial OC decreases with increasing activation energy.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timothy Eglinton, Valier V. Galy, Jordon D. Hemingway, Xiaojuan Feng, Hongyan Bao, Thomas M. Blattmann, Angela F. Dickens, Hannah Gies, Liviu Giosan, Negar Haghipour, Pengfei Hou, Maarten Lupker, Cameron P. McIntyre, Daniel B. Montlucon, Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Camilo Ponton, Enno Schefuss, Melissa S. Schwab, Britta M. Voss, Lukas Wacker, Ying Wu, Meixun Zhao
Summary: Terrestrial vegetation and soils hold significantly more carbon than the atmosphere. Human activities impacting these reserves may exacerbate climate change uncertainties, particularly in extrapolating point-source observations to ecosystem-scale budgets. The turnover of organic carbon in river basins is influenced by mean annual temperature and precipitation, with implications for soil organic carbon vulnerability on a global scale. The scaling of riverine biospheric-carbon ages with soil OC turnover reveals the potential for constraints on carbon dynamics across broad spatial scales.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Guan Pang, Xuesong Li, Mingyue Ding, Siqi Jiang, Peijie Chen, Zheng Zhao, Renwei Gao, Bin Song, Xiaowei Xu, Qirong Shen, Feng M. Cai, Irina S. Druzhinina
Summary: Research on plastic-degrading bacteria and fungi is crucial for understanding their potential in addressing plastic pollution and developing sustainable waste management and bioplastics production. In this study, a total of 55 bacterial and 184 fungal strains capable of degrading polycaprolactone (PCL) were isolated from plastic waste samples in Dafeng coastal salt marshes, China. Metabarcoding analysis revealed the presence of a distinct plastisphere ecological niche, enriched with 27 bacterial and 29 fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), including species belonging to Alternaria (Ascomycota, Fungi) and Pseudo-monas (Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteria). Further analysis showed that environmental factors such as carbon content, pH, and cation content play a significant role in shaping the plastisphere communities. The unique microbiome of the plastisphere in the terrestrial-marine ecotone provides a valuable resource for screening plastic biodegraders.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jack P. R. Dury, Gunilla Eriksson, Arkady Savinetsky, Maria Dobrovolskaya, Kirill Dneprovsky, Alison J. T. Harris, Johannes van der Plicht, Peter Jordan, Kerstin Liden
Summary: Marine samples require correction for radiocarbon dating due to the marine reservoir effect, which can vary among different marine species within the same body of water. Factors such as diet, feeding depth, and migratory behavior all play a role in affecting the C-14 date of a marine organism, with significant variation even within single species. Careful consideration of Delta R values of individual marine species and the full range of Delta R values within an ecosystem are both important in assessing marine reservoir effects.
Article
Geography, Physical
Robert J. DiNapoli, Scott M. Fitzpatrick, Matthew F. Napolitano, Torben C. Rick, Jessica H. Stone, Nicholas P. Jew
Summary: This study presents 33 new marine reservoir correction values for 22 Caribbean islands, demonstrating high variability in correction values across the region. The research suggests caution is needed when dating marine shell in the Caribbean, but highlights the potential of these corrections to provide more accurate radiocarbon chronologies.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Neelam Choudhary, Jyoti Phirani
Summary: Reservoir simulations are crucial for predicting long-term gas production from gas hydrate reservoirs. Various well placements and configurations were explored in this study to analyze gas production strategies for an oceanic, unconfined, class-2, gas hydrate reservoir. The effectiveness of depressurization and the necessity of warm water injection were demonstrated, with injector placement playing a critical role in gas production behavior. Additionally, the reservoir porosity and layering significantly affect gas recovery and production behavior.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Eduardo Q. Alves, Kita D. Macario, Rita Scheel-Ybert, Fabiana M. Oliveira, Andre Carlo Colonese, Paulo Cesar Fonseca Giannini, Renato Guimaraes, Stewart Fallon, Marcelo Muniz, David Chivall, Christopher Bronk Ramsey
Summary: This study investigates a Late Holocene shell mound in Southern Brazil using a multidisciplinary approach. The results reveal a negative local correction for the marine reservoir effect (MRE) in the area and a diet high in marine proteins for the inhabitants. The study also discusses various complications encountered when conducting MRE studies using shell mound sites.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ronald E. Martin, Andres L. Cardenas
Summary: The diversification of marine faunas during the Phanerozoic is closely related to the evolution of carbon and nutrient biogeochemical cycles, particularly the nutrient runoff from land and the diversification of phosphorus-rich phytoplankton. The eruption and weathering of continental Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) are significant sources of phosphorus that stimulate the diversification of marine life. This process, along with the evolution of terrestrial floras, leads to an increase in marine biodiversity. In contrast, nutrient-poor phytoplankton limited the diversity in the early-to-middle Paleozoic due to less frequent tectonic activity and poorly-developed terrestrial floras. The study suggests that marine biodiversity on geological time scales is unlimited, given sufficient habitat, nutrients, and nutrient-rich phytoplankton.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Yusuke Yokoyama, Yosuke Miyairi, Takahiro Aze, Chikako Sawada, Yuka Ando, Satomi Izawa, Yoshiko Ueno, Shoko Hirabayashi, Naoto Fukuyo, Kosuke Ota, Yusuke Shimizu, Yuning Zeng, Hui Lan, Ren Tsuneoka, Kozue Ando, Karin Nemoto, Stephen Obrochta, Bethany Behrens, Evan Tam, Kai Leggett, Jian Rzeszewicz, Zihan Huang, Reisuke Kondo, Toshi Nagata
Summary: A single stage Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (YS-AMS) at the Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), University of Tokyo has been operating smoothly since 2013, with an average annual operation time of over 8000 hours. A newly developed automated system has dramatically increased the throughput, allowing for the measurement of 16,000 samples to date. The improved operation software and increased number of standards measured per run have resulted in a 14C/12C measurement precision on standard material of better than 0.1%. The results have enhanced geochronological information for paleoenvironmental, biological, and geohazard studies.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
H. L. Bricker, J. B. Bateman, B. Elliott, B. A. Mitsunaga, J. Mering, I. S. Foster, Y. Yanes, E. A. Oches, R. A. Eagle, A. Tripati
Summary: This study reconstructs temperature and body water composition of terrestrial snails using carbonate clumped isotope values and oxygen isotope composition of their shells, providing insights into regional and sub-regional paleoclimates and paleoecosystems. The study finds different growth patterns in snail shells from different geographical regions, and the δ O-18 (body water) values in snail shells are enriched relative to the δ O-18 (precipitation) values.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Suraj K. Bajgain, Mainak Mookherjee, Rajdeep Dasgupta
Summary: Research suggests that the Earth's outer core may contain 0.3-2.0 wt.% carbon, which can explain both the seismic wave velocity and the core's density deficit. This indicates that the outer core could be the largest reservoir of carbon on Earth.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Edward Tipping, Jessica L. Elias, Patrick O. Keenan, Rachel C. Helliwell, Nikolai Pedentchouk, Richard J. Cooper, Sarah Buckingham, Egil Gjessing, Philippa Ascough, Charlotte L. Bryant, Mark H. Garnett
Summary: This study investigated the concentrations and properties of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in rivers in relation to terrestrial source solutions at a global scale. The study found significant differences in DOC concentrations and properties among different terrestrial sources, which were explained by optimizing the simulated riverine variables and combinations of source waters. In rivers draining forests and grass-shrub land cover, most of the DOC comes from topsoil and subsoil, with a small contribution from groundwater. In cropland rivers, subsoil and groundwater are the dominant sources of DOC, while in wetland rivers, most of the DOC is from topsoil.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Susanne Lindauer, Carla S. Hadden, Kita Macario, Thomas P. Guilderson
Summary: This article provides a brief overview of research on marine carbonates over the past 60 years, focusing on shell and coral samples. Shells and corals, due to their annual growth patterns, offer the possibility of examining past variations in radiocarbon levels. This research has implications for climate studies, dating techniques, and environmental research.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ingrid Chanca, Susan Trumbore, Kita Macario, Carlos A. Sierra
Summary: This article introduces a new algorithm to compute Delta C-14 distributions in linear compartmental systems at steady-state. The results demonstrate that the shape of the distributions may vary depending on the cycling speed and connectivity of ecosystem compartments, and may contain multiple peaks and long tails. The distributions are also sensitive to the variations of Delta C-14 in the atmosphere over time, affected by anthropogenic influences.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephane Guedron, Christophe Delaere, Sherilyn. C. Fritz, Julie Tolu, Pierre Sabatier, Anne-Lise Devel, Carlos Heredia, Claire Verin, Eduardo Q. Alves, Paul A. Baker
Summary: A reevaluation of the middle-to-late Holocene water levels in Lake Titicaca reveals a prolonged low stand during the middle Holocene, followed by a rapid rise starting around 1800 BCE and reaching its highest levels after 1600 CE. These lake-level increases coincide with major sociopolitical changes reported by archaeologists, particularly the emergence of the Tiwanaku culture after a significant rise in water levels at the end of the Formative Period in 500 CE.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Eduardo Q. Alves, Kita D. Macario, Rita Scheel-Ybert, Fabiana M. Oliveira, Andre Carlo Colonese, Paulo Cesar Fonseca Giannini, Renato Guimaraes, Stewart Fallon, Marcelo Muniz, David Chivall, Christopher Bronk Ramsey
Summary: This study investigates a Late Holocene shell mound in Southern Brazil using a multidisciplinary approach. The results reveal a negative local correction for the marine reservoir effect (MRE) in the area and a diet high in marine proteins for the inhabitants. The study also discusses various complications encountered when conducting MRE studies using shell mound sites.
Review
Education & Educational Research
Carmen Pazoto, Michelle Duarte, Edson Silva
Summary: Worldwide initiatives are raising awareness on marine environmental issues. Programs like the Brazil Maritime Mentality, Coastal Marine Environmental Education, and Ocean Literacy in the USA have contributed to this effort. However, a literature review suggests that their conceptual frameworks do not address the underlying causes of environmental degradation posed by the current socio-political-economic system.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Tainara Ravaglia Ferreira Goncalves, Edson Pereira Silva, Alan Bonner, Michelle Rezende Duarte
Summary: In this study, genetic and morphological variations of the bivalve mollusk Iphigenia brasiliensis were investigated. The results showed high levels of genetic variation and indicated the influence of anthropogenic activities on dispersion dynamics and population sizes. Similar influence was also observed in morphological variation. These findings provide important information for the exploration, management, and conservation of this commercially important species.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUATIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elena Essel, Elena I. Zavala, Ellen Schulz-Kornas, Maxim B. Kozlikin, Helen Fewlass, Benjamin Vernot, Michael V. Shunkov, Anatoly P. Derevianko, Katerina Douka, Ian Barnes, Marie-Cecile Soulier, Anna Schmidt, Merlin Szymanski, Tsenka Tsanova, Nikolay Sirakov, Elena Endarova, Shannon P. McPherron, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Janet Kelso, Svante Paeaebo, Mateja Hajdinjak, Marie Soressi, Matthias Meyer
Summary: Artefacts made from stones, bones and teeth are important for understanding human subsistence strategies and culture in the Pleistocene. However, it is difficult to associate these artefacts with specific individuals, unless they are found within burials. A non-destructive method has been developed to extract DNA from ancient bone and tooth artefacts, and analysis revealed that a female individual made the pendant.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Paulo R. Alves, Kenneth M. Halanych, Edson P. Silva, Cinthya S. G. Santos
Summary: Nereididae is a diverse and well-studied family within Annelida, and recent molecular approaches have shed light on its phylogenetic relationships. Our study used nuclear and mitochondrial markers to evaluate these relationships and confirmed the classification and relationships of subfamilies within Nereididae. We propose revisions to the subfamily definitions and diagnoses to better align with our current understanding of the group's phylogeny.
ORGANISMS DIVERSITY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dayana Alvarado Sierra, Orangel Aguilera, Olga M. Oliveira de Araujo, Ricardo Tadeu Lopes, Mauro Geraldes, Maria Virginia Alves Martins, Giovanni Coletti, Beatriz Teixeira Guimaraes, Ana Paula Linhares, Vinicius Tavares Kutter
Summary: This study investigates the skeletal and foraminiferal assemblages during the Oligocene-Miocene interval in the off-shore Cenozoic succession of the Para-Maranhao Basin. The results contribute to the understanding of the environmental evolution during this time period and provide insights for stratigraphic correlations. Moreover, the adaptability of most large benthic foraminifera taxa to the Oligocene-Miocene transition is demonstrated.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Carmen Edith Pazoto, Michelle Rezende Duarte, Edson Pereira Silva
Summary: Ocean literacy (OL) emphasizes the inclusion of ocean and marine environment-related content in school curricula. This study examined the presence and frequency of OL principles and concepts in the Brazilian high school curriculum at the federal and regional levels. The results showed that both levels of curriculum contained OL-related content, with Biology and Geography being the subjects with the highest numbers of OL concepts. These results provide valuable support for promoting effective coastal zone management practices and public compliance.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
K. D. Macario, E. Q. Alves, F. M. Oliveira, R. Scheel-Ybert, F. F. Dias, G. M. Lima
Summary: This study uses Bayesian modeling to analyze C-14 age data from Brazilian archaeological sites and prebomb samples, and finds evidence of an increasing marine reservoir effect (MRE) during the Late Holocene, ranging from -577 +/- 56 C-14 yr at ca. 5500 cal BP to -29 +/- 25 C-14 yr at present, associated with a decreasing relative sea level.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carmen Edith Pazoto, Michelle Rezende Duarte, Edson Pereira Silva
Summary: Promoting ocean literacy is crucial for enhancing society's understanding of the ocean. This study conducted a year-long project with students from a public school in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using theoretical lessons, laboratory experiments, field trips, and reading circles to integrate ocean literacy into the school curriculum. The project was evaluated through questionnaires and focus group interviews, revealing positive impacts on student learning, attitudes, engagement, and the school environment.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Monika Devi, Naveen Chauhan, Ashok K. Singhvi
Summary: Devi et al. (2022) suggested that post-violet infrared stimulated luminescence (pVIRSL) of K-feldspars has a near zero athermal fading rate. This study investigates the mechanism and suitability of the pVIRSL signal for dating applications. The results show that pVIRSL is a recuperated signal resulting from the eviction and recapture of charges in deep traps by violet stimulation and subsequent infrared stimulation. The pVIR-SAR protocol worked well for dating seven K-feldspar samples from various depositional environments.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geography, Physical
Chloe Baldreki, Andrew Burnham, Martina Conti, Lucy Wheeler, Michael J. Simms, Lawrence Barham, Tom S. White, Kirsty Penkman
Summary: Aragonitic calcium carbonate mollusc shells with complex shell microstructures can be used for amino acid geochronologies in Africa. Different microstructural shell layers may have different protein compositions, requiring sampling strategies. The 3AL shell portion showed closer adherence to closed-system behavior and demonstrated the potential of fossil achatinids for building relative amino acid geochronologies across Africa.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Geography, Physical
Patrick Chiroiu, Alexandru L. Onaca, Adrien Favillier, Mircea Voiculescu, Christophe Corona, Petru Urdea, Markus Stoffel
Summary: Snow avalanches present a constant threat to mountainous regions worldwide, and understanding past avalanche events is crucial for managing and mitigating avalanche hazards and risks. In this study, dendrogeomorphic techniques were used to analyze 17 avalanche paths in a small region of the Fagaras Mountains. The analysis reconstructed 174 snow avalanche years across all paths and revealed widespread avalanche occurrence in the study area. The study emphasizes the importance of investigating multiple avalanche paths in a small, homogeneous area to gain a better understanding of snow avalanche activity at both path-scale and mountain range-scale.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2024)
