Journal
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
Volume 246, Issue -, Pages 821-826Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.021
Keywords
Coprolalia; Functional neurological symptoms; Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
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Funding
- DFG [GA2031/1-2]
- Guarantors of Brain
- National Institute for Health Research grant
- German Ministry of Education and Research
- EU (FP 7, Marie Curie ITN)
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Coprolalia in neuropsychiatry is typically associated with tic disorders, in particular Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. To date, there has been no report of functional coprolalia. Here, we provide the clinical characteristics of 13 adolescent and adult patients with coprolalic and other functional tic-like complex vocalizations who, on the basis of these symptoms, were misdiagnosed with a primary tic disorder, most commonly Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. We describe similarities and highlight the differences from primary tic disorders in order to provide a pragmatic list of clinical clues that will facilitate correct diagnostic labeling and thereby treatment. Finally, we emphasize that the distinction between a primary and a functional tic disorder should rely on a combination of neuropsychiatric symptoms and signs and not on the presence of single, however striking, abnormal behaviors, such as coprolalia.
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