4.8 Article

Congenital myopathy results from misregulation of a muscle Ca2+ channel by mutant Stac3

Publisher

NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619238114

Keywords

zebrafish; skeletal muscle; excitation-contraction coupling; dihydropyridine receptor; Native American myopathy

Funding

  1. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) of the National Institutes of Health [R01-AR-063056]
  2. Rackham Merit Fellowship (University of Michigan)
  3. NIGMS [T32 GM007315]
  4. NIAMS [AR059646, AR053349, AR060831, 2P01 AR 052354-06A1]

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Skeletalmuscle contractions are initiated by an increase in Ca2+ released during excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, and defects in EC coupling are associated with human myopathies. EC coupling requires communication between voltage-sensing dihydropyridine receptors (DHPRs) in transverse tubule membrane and Ca2+ release channel ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Stac3 protein (SH3 and cysteine-rich domain 3) is an essential component of the EC coupling apparatus and a mutation in human STAC3 causes the debilitating Native Americanmyopathy (NAM), but the nature of how Stac3 acts on the DHPR and/or RyR1 is unknown. Using electron microscopy, electrophysiology, and dynamic imaging of zebrafish muscle fibers, we find significantly reduced DHPR levels, functionality, and stability in stac3 mutants. Furthermore, stac3(NAM) myofibers exhibited increased caffeine-induced Ca2+ release across a wide range of concentrations in the absence of altered caffeine sensitivity as well as increased Ca2+ in internal stores, which is consistent with increased SR luminal Ca2+. These findings define critical roles for Stac3 in EC coupling and human disease.

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