Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lupeng Shi, Xiufeng Yang, Muha Cha, Tianshu Lyu, Lidong Wang, Shengyang Zhou, Yuehuan Dong, Huashan Dou, Honghai Zhang
Summary: This study compared the genetic diversity and structure of Mongolian gazelle populations in the Hulun Lake National Nature Reserve (HLH) with those in the China-Mongolia border area (BJ) using microsatellite loci and mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb). The HLH population had lower nucleotide diversity and observed heterozygosity compared to the BJ population. Additionally, there was genetic differentiation between the HLH and BJ populations.
Review
Agronomy
Oleg E. Kosterin
Summary: This article reconstructs the natural distribution ranges of pea crop wild relatives, Pisum sativum L. subsp. elatius and Pisum fulvum, based on regional floristic literature and internet resources. The wild pea populations are genetically homogeneous with limited gene flow between them, and both species are susceptible to grazing and pests. Protecting and studying the genetic diversity of wild peas is of utmost importance, especially in light of climate change.
GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
I. Ibagon, A. P. Furlan, Ronald Dickman
Summary: Motivated by recent findings on the enhanced species survival through connecting fragmented habitats, this study investigates the effect of a corridor connecting two regions on the lifetime of three models exhibiting extinction/survival phase transitions. The results show that connecting two regions increases the lifetime, with the enhancement effect being greater at higher reproduction rates.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tyler B. Smith, Daniel B. Weissman
Summary: Limited dispersal results in isolation by distance, with individuals further apart being less related. Classic models assume thin-tailed dispersal distances and predict exponential decay of identity-by-descent with spatial separation. However, long-range dispersal leads to power-law decay at large distances, with the same exponent as dispersal. Broad power-law dispersal also produces shallow power-law decay at short distances, and the distribution of long-range dispersal events could be estimated from sequencing large population samples.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Zhiwen Wang, Xianhao Meng
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of embedding edges on the distance energy of a complete bipartite graph and compares it with a complete multipartite graph.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Ying Chen, Yakuan Sun, Mei Hua, Kun Shi, David Dudgeon
Summary: A study on the genetics of Chinese elephants found low haplotype diversity but moderate nucleotide and nuclear diversity. The populations were divided into three clusters, with distinct genetic differences and isolation by distance and female-biased dispersal. Effective management requires dividing Chinese elephants into two units and restoring gene flow between populations.
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Wenhao Li, Martin P. Boer, Bart-Jan van Rossum, Chaozhi Zheng, Ronny V. L. Joosen, Fred A. van Eeuwijk
Summary: In this study, we developed an R package called statgenMPP for QTL analysis in multi-parent populations (MPPs). The package provides easy-to-use functionalities including IBD calculations, mixed model solutions, and visualizations for QTL mapping in various MPP designs.
Article
Cell Biology
Leonid Olender, Roshina Thapa, Roi Gazit
Summary: In this study, the researchers propose using CD34/CD150 instead of the traditional CD34/Fc gamma R approach to separate sub-populations in the LK compartment. They re-analyzed single-cell RNA-Seq data and confirmed their findings through independent FACS analysis. The newly-obtained LK sub-populations showed comparable differentiation potential to the classical ones.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yong Gao, Yue-Hui Yan, Si Yin, Long Yu, Lei Zhu, Xue-Mei Ding, Ya-Nan Zhang, Huan-Huan Chen, Li-Jun Tang, Zhu-Mei Li, Hong-Long Chu, Xiao-Dong Shi, Zheng-Rong Zou, Li-Zhou Tang
Summary: This study assessed the impact factors on genetic diversity and diversification patterns of the hoary bamboo rat in the southwest mountainous region of China. The results suggested that fragmented mountainous habitats and Pleistocene climate changes were the main drivers of diversification in this species.
JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Taylor Naaykens, Cassidy C. D'Aloia
Summary: Larval exchange among marine populations is important for population dynamics and conservation actions. Accurately measuring dispersal remains challenging, but this study shows that indirect methods based on isolation-by-distance (IBD) can produce accurate dispersal estimates in the coral reef fish Elacatinus lori. These estimates were compared to direct measurements from genetic parentage analysis, and the results suggest that the IBD method may be broadly applicable to studying marine larval dispersal.
Article
Agronomy
Di Cui, Cuifeng Tang, Hongfeng Lu, Jinmei Li, Xiaoding Ma, A. Xinxiang, Bing Han, Yayun Yang, Chao Dong, Feifei Zhang, Luyuan Dai, Longzhi Han
Summary: Genetic differentiation of rice landraces in Yunnan, China shows a clear geographical decline from south to north, with distinct divisions into japonica and indica groups, further differentiated into subgroups based on geographic locations. Patterns of gene flow suggest isolation by distance and environment, with significant associations between loci and environmental factors indicating adaptation to local environments. Geographical isolation and environmental heterogeneity play dominant roles in driving adaptive divergence among rice landraces in Yunnan, China due to limited dispersal.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christian Santos-Medellin, Katerina Estera-Molina, Mengting Yuan, Jennifer Pett-Ridge, Mary K. Firestone, Joanne B. Emerson
Summary: This study analyzed soil viromes from a Mediterranean grassland in California and found that viral community composition exhibited a significant distance-decay relationship within the field site. The study also revealed differences in the spatial structuring of viral and prokaryotic communities and the ability of soil virosphere to rapidly respond to changing environmental conditions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jingquan Peng, Yanqing Liu, Haochen Jiang
Summary: This paper proposes a semantic-segmentation-aided edge-based VO method to improve localization accuracy by reducing mismatches in edge alignment, achieving satisfactory results on public datasets.
IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Gyo Wun Kim, Won Jun Chang, Ji Eun Kang, Hee Ju Kim, Geun Young Yeom
Summary: This study compared the radiation damage to EUV resist during etching of hardmask materials using CF4 gas between neutral beam etching (NBE) and ion beam etching (IBE). The results showed that NBE reduced the line edge roughness increase and critical dimension change of EUV resist compared to IBE. NBE also had a lower root mean square surface roughness value of EUV resist and higher etch selectivity for materials such as Si3N4 and SiO2 over EUV resist.
Article
Ornithology
Lay Win, Niti Sukumal, Nay Myo Shwe, Tommaso Savini
Summary: Habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation due to agricultural expansion, logging, and teak plantations have led to the decline of Green Peafowl in mainland Southeast Asia. The Bago Yoma range in Myanmar serves as one of the few remaining strongholds for the species, but it has been fragmented due to teak plantations. This study finds that teak plantations can be used to connect remaining forest patches and improve fragmented habitats for Green Peafowl.
ORNITHOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Biographical-Item
Cell Biology
Michael Ristow, Chih-Hao Lee, Katrien De Bock, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Gokhan S. Hotamisligil, Brendan D. Manning
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Ristow
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gerlind U. C. Lehmann, Nikita Bakanov, Martin Behnisch, Sarah J. Bourlat, Carsten A. Bruehl, Lisa Eichler, Thomas Fickel, Matthias F. Geiger, Birgit Gemeinholzer, Thomas Hoerren, Sebastian Koethe, Alexandra Lux, Gotthard Meinel, Roland Muehlethaler, Hanna Poglitsch, Livia Schaeffler, Ulrich Schlechtriemen, Florian D. Schneider, Ralf Schulte, Martin Sorg, Maximilian Sprenger, Stephanie J. Swenson, Wiltrud Terlau, Angela Turck, Vera M. A. Zizka
Summary: The DINA project investigates insect communities in 21 nature reserves in Germany using methods such as DNA metabarcoding to unravel factors causing insect decline. Through stakeholder engagement and scientific results, the project aims to support the development of policy recommendations to improve conservation strategies.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabian Fischer, Christoph Benner, Anita Goyala, Giovanna Grigolon, Davide Vitiello, JiaYee Wu, Kim Zarse, Collin Y. Ewald, Michael Ristow
Summary: This study demonstrates a method to activate gene expression in C. elegans by feeding them with bacteria expressing specific sgRNAs. Activation of hif-1 and hsf-1 genes through ingested sgRNAs increased gene expression and extended lifespan in C. elegans. Additionally, the study provides predicted promoter-specific sgRNA target sequences for a large number of C. elegans genes, serving as a valuable resource for future CRISPR activation studies in C. elegans.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Kolja Bergholz, Lara-Pauline Sittel, Michael Ristow, Florian Jeltsch, Lina Weiss
Summary: Land-use intensification is the main cause of the decline in insect pollinators. Different land-use intensification measures have different effects on two main pollinator guilds, wild bees and hoverflies, depending on their ecology. The relationships between landscape parameters and pollinators are also influenced by the correlation between landscape parameters.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Michael Ristow, Maria Panitsa, Stefan Meyer, Erwin Bergmeier
Summary: The completeness of large-scale floristic inventories can be challenging to determine. A comparison was made between previous vascular plant species inventories of Limnos island in Greece and recent records from 2016-2021. It was found that certain plant families and traits were overrepresented in the dataset of newly discovered taxa, indicating biases in ecological and perceptibility factors.
Review
Physiology
Fabian Fischer, Giovanna Grigolon, Christoph Benner, Michael Ristow
Summary: Aging is a significant risk factor for various diseases, and transcription factors have emerged as important regulators of longevity and age-related disorders, providing potential targets for interventions to mitigate the effects of aging.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tobias M. Sandner, Birgit Gemeinholzer, Julia Lemmer, Diethart Matthies, Andreas Ensslin
Summary: This study investigated the molecular genetic variation of Digitalis lutea in a botanic garden population cultivated for 30 years, a frozen seed bank, and two wild populations. The results showed that high levels of inbreeding during ex situ cultivation can influence reproductive traits and interactions with pollinators.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sebastian Koethe, Florian D. Schneider, Nikita Bakanov, Carsten A. Bruehl, Lisa Eichler, Thomas Fickel, Birgit Gemeinholzer, Thomas Hoerren, Alexandra Lux, Gotthard Meinel, Livia Schaeffler, Christoph Scherber, Martin Sorg, Stephanie J. Swenson, Wiltrud Terlau, Angela Turck, Vera M. A. Zizka, Gerlind U. C. Lehmann, Roland Muehlethaler
Summary: In recent years, there has been increasing public attention and demand for political action regarding the decline of insect biodiversity and its consequences on ecosystem functions and services. To address the complex causes of insect decline, the DINA project in Germany assesses insect communities in nature reserves and investigates their interactions with various factors such as plant diversity, pesticide exposure, and climate. The project involves obtaining scientific data and engaging stakeholders to identify opportunities and challenges in insect conservation. Results show a positive association between insect richness and biomass, while also highlighting the negative impacts of pesticides and agricultural production on insect diversity. Stakeholders expressed support for insect conservation but emphasized the need for more information, data, and flexible policy options.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Doruntina Bresilla, Hansjoerg Habisch, Iva Pritisanac, Kim Zarse, Warisara Parichatikanond, Michael Ristow, Tobias Madl, Corina T. Madreiter-Sokolowski
Summary: C57BL/6NRj mice are an ideal model for studying cellular alterations in metabolism, and age-related metabolic alterations occur at an early stage and may be associated with a metabolic switch. There are sex-specific differences in the metabolite signatures of different tissues, and metabolomic features are highly dependent on the genetic background of mouse strains.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isabel C. Kilian, Stephanie J. Swenson, Ximo Mengual, Birgit Gemeinholzer, Andree Hamm, J. Wolfgang Waegele, Ralph S. Peters
Summary: This study investigated the plant-pollinator network of caraway in a central European agricultural landscape, focusing on two potential pollinator taxa: Diptera and Hymenoptera. The results showed that both Diptera and Hymenoptera can carry caraway pollen, indicating a wide taxonomic breadth of potential pollinators and a higher network complexity than previously anticipated. The study also found that there are distinct qualitative differences between the networks of the two taxa, suggesting complementary roles of both taxa in pollination.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chiara Musillo, Letizia Giona, Michael Ristow, Kim Zarse, Karsten Siems, Alessia Di Francesco, Barbara Collacchi, Carla Raggi, Francesca Cirulli, Alessandra Berry
Summary: A study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral administration of rosmarinic acid (RA) in promoting healthspan in a mouse model of physiological aging. The results showed that RA improved learning and memory in 24-month-old mice, which was associated with improved glucose homeostasis. However, lipid profile disruption was observed in young adults, raising concerns for RA administration in young healthy adult subjects.
Article
Cell Biology
Elisa Araldi, Catherine R. Jutzeler, Michael Ristow
Summary: Lithium, a trace element and psychiatric drug, has been found to extend lifespan in animal models and correlate with human longevity when taken through drinking water. A large observational study of individuals diagnosed with affective disorders found that therapeutic lithium supplementation was associated with decreased mortality. Further analysis showed that lithium had the strongest effect on increasing survival compared to other anti-psychotic drugs. However, it is important to note that close supervision by medical professionals is necessary for the use of lithium in the recommended doses.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sebastian Koethe, Nikita Bakanov, Carsten A. Bruehl, Lisa Eichler, Thomas Fickel, Birgit Gemeinholzer, Thomas Hoerren, Aleksandra Jurewicz, Alexandra Lux, Gotthard Meinel, Roland Muehlethaler, Livia Schaeffler, Christoph Scherber, Florian D. Schneider, Martin Sorg, Stephanie J. Swenson, Wiltrud Terlau, Angela Turck, Gerlind U. C. Lehmann
Summary: The decline of insect abundance and richness has garnered attention, leading to the creation of the Diversity of Insects in Nature protected Areas (DINA) project. It is crucial to balance the impact of nature protected areas and agricultural practices on biodiversity, and develop specific regulations to protect insects.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EUROPE
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carolin Thomas, Lia Wurzer, Ernst Malle, Michael Ristow, Corina T. Madreiter-Sokolowski
Summary: Age-associated diseases pose a significant burden on global health systems, requiring innovative strategies to address them. Proper regulation of ROS homeostasis plays a critical role in aging, and it can be modulated through nutrition, exercise, or drug interventions. Many nutrients and drugs have pleiotropic effects on ROS homeostasis. Strengthening antioxidant defense mechanisms may be essential in inflammation-related dysfunctions, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, while inducing overwhelming ROS production can be beneficial in fighting pathogens and killing cancer cells.
FRONTIERS IN AGING
(2022)