Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanli Dong, Hang Li, Alina Ilie, Yiwei Gao, Annie Boucher, Xuejun Cai Zhang, John Orlowski, Yan Zhao
Summary: Sodium-proton exchanger 3 (NHE3/SLC9A3) plays an important role in regulating salt and fluid absorption as well as pH homeostasis. Calcineurin B homologous protein 1 (CHP1) acts as an auxiliary regulatory factor for NHE3, promoting its maturation and plasmalemmal expression. Cryo-electron microscopy structure analysis revealed that a cytosolic helix-loop-helix motif in NHE3 inhibits substrate transport, and the binding of phosphatidylinositol molecules stabilizes the complex and enhances its transport activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pi-Cheng Cheng, Ruo-Ciao Cheng, Rong-Chi Huang
Summary: Glutamate induces Ca2+ signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) by activating intracellular mechanisms involving Na+ loads, Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), and Na+/Ca2+-exchanger (NCX). The presence of Na+ loads leads to slower Ca2+ clearance and increased rebound Ca2+ suppression. However, even in the absence of external Na+, additional Ca2+ handlers are involved in the slower Ca2+ clearance induced by glutamate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Carol Eunmi Lee, Guy Charmantier, Catherine Lorin-Nebel
Summary: Life in freshwater poses osmotic and energetic challenges for organisms, particularly arthropods. The mechanisms of ion uptake from freshwater environments are still poorly understood, but the proton pump V-type H+ ATPase (VHA) and the Na+/H+ antiporter (NHA) have been proposed as potential models. This study explores the evidence for these models in crustaceans, insects, and teleost fish and emphasizes the need for further research on ion uptake mechanisms in freshwater habitats.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Lise M. Sjogaard-Frich, Andreas Prestel, Emilie S. Pedersen, Marc Severin, Kristian Kolby Kristensen, Johan G. Olsen, Birthe B. Kragelund, Stine Falsig Pedersen
Summary: Through various biophysical techniques, this study reveals the complex interaction mechanism between CaM and NHE1, identifying multiple states and structures of the NHE1:CaM complex that can be modulated by stoichiometries, calcium concentrations, and phosphorylation. Experimental results suggest that CaM may enhance NHE1 regulation and indicate that this structural diversity is relevant to other CaM complexes as well.
Article
Plant Sciences
Magda F. El-Adl, Taha M. El-Katony, Reham M. Nada
Summary: The study found that the specific ion effects of Na+ and K+ were different on the growth of Ulva lactuca. Ulva lactuca showed better growth with high concentrations of NaCl, while KCl might have adverse effects on photosynthesis and cell wall. Transcription of PM H+-ATPase was induced specifically by high concentrations of Na+, while the induction of PM-Na+/K+-ATPase-like alone could not improve the growth of KCl-treated Ulva lactuca.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qi Chen, Kai Xu, Yan Xu, Dehua Ji, Changsheng Chen, Chaotian Xie, Wenlei Wang
Summary: This study analyzed the function of Na+/K+-ATPase in the response of Neoporphyra haitanensis to salt stress and found that it played a crucial role in maintaining the K+/Na+ homeostasis in the algae. The inhibitor ouabain caused Na+ accumulation and K+ leakage in the cells, disrupting the K+/Na+ balance and leading to decreased photosynthesis and oxidative damage in the algae.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Laubitz, Michael A. Gurney, Monica Midura-Kiela, Christy Clutter, David G. Besselsen, Hao Chen, Fayez K. Ghishan, Pawel R. Kiela
Summary: Dysregulation of NHE3 expression in colorectal cancer is associated with poorer survival and leads to increased tumor numbers, enhanced DNA damage, increased cell proliferation, and decreased apoptosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Laween Uthman, Xiaoling Li, Antonius Baartscheer, Cees A. Schumacher, Patricia Baumgart, Jeroen Hermanides, Benedikt Preckel, Markus W. Hollmann, Ruben Coronel, Coert J. Zuurbier, Nina C. Weber
Summary: Inflammation leading to oxidative stress in endothelial cells is linked to heart failure development. The study suggests that TNF-alpha can activate NHE to raise [Na+](c), triggering ROS production, and EMPA can reduce inflammation-induced ROS by inhibiting NHE activity.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jianxiang Xue, Linto Thomas, Jessica A. Dominguez Rieg, Robert A. Fenton, Timo Rieg
Summary: NHE3 in the thick ascending limb (TAL) plays a role in regulating urinary acidification. Research shows that NHE3(TAL-KO) mice exhibit a different phenotype under baseline conditions. The effect of furosemide on urinary acidification is less pronounced in NHE3(TAL-KO) mice compared to control group.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Amber Gupta, Birendra P. Shaw
Summary: Salt-tolerant rice varieties show lower Na(+) uptake and higher PM-H(+)ATPase activity, which are not prominent in sensitive varieties. These characteristics could be crucial for enhancing salt tolerance in rice varieties.
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yu Jin Chung, Kyung Chan Park, Sergiy Tokar, Thomas R. Eykyn, William Fuller, Davor Pavlovic, Pawel Swietach, Michael J. Shattock
Summary: Research indicates that cardiac NHE1 activity is not inhibited by EMPA (or other SGLT2i's) and EMPA has no effect on [Na+] over a wide range of concentrations, including the therapeutic dose.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Victoria C. Young, Hanayo Nakanishi, Dylan J. Meyer, Tomohiro Nishizawa, Atsunori Oshima, Pablo Artigas, Kazuhiro Abe
Summary: This study investigates ion transport mechanisms by introducing mutations to convert an electroneutral proton/potassium pump into a prototypical electrogenic sodium/potassium pump, explaining their selectivity and phosphorylation mechanisms.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Zongli Yao, Kevin L. Schauer, Ilan M. Ruhr, Edward M. Mager, Rachael M. Heuer, Martin Grosell
Summary: The study demonstrates that exposure of toadfish to hypersaline seawater results in transient acidosis, which is compensated by increased branchial acid excretion, leading to full recovery within 48-96 hours. This compensation for intestinal base loss during hypersaline treatment appears to be through gill H(+) excretion rather than gill HCO(3)(-) uptake.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ge-Hong Sun-Wada, Yoh Wada
Summary: Vacuolar-type H+-ATPases (V-ATPases) are large multi-subunit complexes involved in acidification of various cellular compartments. This study explores the expression and distribution of subunit isoforms in mouse embryos at E6.5 and reveals the specific accumulation of the a3 isoform in apical vacuoles during early embryogenesis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiuju Li, Tommy Tu, Sicheng Quan, Francisco J. Quintero, Richard Fahlman, Larry Fliegel
Summary: This study investigated the effects of mutating two amino acids in the regulatory tail of NHE1 protein. The mutations led to changes in protein activity, molecular weight, and conformation, indicating the importance of these amino acids in enzyme kinetics and protein structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Alexander M. Clifford, Martin Tresguerres, Greg G. Goss, Chris M. Wood
Summary: During exposure to acidic water, zebrafish utilize a novel mechanism of Na+ uptake that relies on the outwardly directed K+ gradient as a counter-substrate for Na+ and is sensitive to tetraethylammonium (TEA).
Article
Fisheries
Peter Elliot Holder, Chris M. Wood, Michael J. Lawrence, Timothy D. Clark, Cory D. Suski, Jean-Michel Weber, Andy J. Danylchuk, Steven J. Cooke
Summary: Post-exercise mortality (PEM) can occur in fish when they exercise to exhaustion and surpass their physiological limits, leading to death. The causes of PEM are not fully understood, but studies have explored factors such as oxygen delivery, ion regulation, hormone signalling, and cardiac function. Improved data collection methods and experimental protocols have contributed to our understanding of PEM and have informed management actions. While progress has been made, there is still much to uncover through future research.
FISH AND FISHERIES
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Marina Giacomin, Patricia M. Schulte, Chris M. Wood
Summary: The osmorespiratory compromise in fishes refers to the trade-off between respiratory gas exchange and osmolyte/water balance at the gills. Exhaustive exercise in Pacific spiny dogfish led to increased oxygen consumption and ammonia losses, while urea-N losses were tightly regulated. Environmental hyperoxia did not alleviate the effects of the compromise.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Giorgi Dal Pont, Beverly Po, Jun Wang, Chris M. Wood
Summary: The physiological responses of Carcinus maenas to different salinity conditions were evaluated, and wide plasticity and tolerance to disturbances in physiological parameters were observed, suggesting that this species is well adapted to diverse habitats.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Shuang Liu, Jonathan M. Wilson, Eric B. Taylor, Jeffrey G. Richards
Summary: Phenotypic divergence is a key characteristic of adaptive radiation. This study examined the differentiation in ion regulation characteristics among populations of prickly sculpin (Cottus asper) from different habitat types and explored the relationship between environmental water chemistry and physiological characteristics. The results suggest that habitat variation may play an important role in driving differences in gill Na+/K+-ATPase and H+-ATPase activity across populations, and the combined effect of water Na+ and pH may have contributed to physiological adaptation during freshwater colonization and dispersal of C. asper after the last glacial period.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anne Cremazy, Susana Braz-Mota, Kevin V. Brix, Rafael M. Duarte, Adalberto L. Val, Chris M. Wood
Summary: This study investigated the effects of natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the acute copper toxicity to local fish in the Rio Negro. The results showed that DOM can decrease the bioavailability and toxicity of copper to fish. Additionally, DOM was found to protect against copper uptake and toxicity in the fish. These findings support the use of the Biotic Ligand Model to assess the risk of copper in Amazonian waters.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Kelsy Moffatt, Mark Rossi, Edward Park, Jon Christian Svendsen, Jonathan M. Wilson
Summary: Stomach acid secretion is important for digestion and growth, and can be simulated by using omeprazole, a gastric proton pump inhibitor, to study the effects on metabolism and growth.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaveh Esfandiyari, Louis J. Pfeifer, Mina Amiri Farahani, Salman Malakpour Kolbadinezhad, L. Filipe Castro, Jonathan M. Wilson
Summary: This research reveals the presence of gastric proton pump expression in the gastric glands of goby fish and mudskippers, indicating that these species have retained the ability for acid digestion.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Ellen H. Jung, Jessica Nguyen, Charlotte Nelson, Colin J. Brauner, Chris M. Wood
Summary: The gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in nitrogen metabolism in rainbow trout, with the stomach being an important site for independent ammonia absorption and transport.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Chris M. Wood
Summary: This study examined the nitrogen waste metabolism in green crabs and found that exercise and emersion had a significant impact on the ammonia(N) excretion rate, but the excretion of urea(N) and urate(N) also indicated their importance. In addition, the study found that the concentrations of ammonia(N) and PNH3 in the hemolymph were higher than in the BCF, and the volume of BCF decreased significantly after emersion and exercise.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Helen Sadauskas-Henrique, Ora E. Johannsson, Beverly H. K. Po, Adalberto L. Val, Chris M. Wood
Summary: The green crab is affected by intertidal zonation patterns, facing periods of air and water exposure. During these periods, physiological challenges are faced. Oxygen consumption rate remained unchanged during air exposure, but increased during recovery period. Ammonia and urea excretion rates were reduced during air exposure, but rebounded during recovery.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John O. O. Onukwufor, Derek A. A. Somo, Jeffrey G. G. Richards, Chris M. M. Wood
Summary: In nature, mosshead sculpins face challenges from temperature and oxygen level fluctuations. The sculpins are able to modulate the permeability of their branchial epithelia in response to temperature stress, but not in response to hypoxia and re-oxygenation stress. This contrasts with the responses observed in a similar fish species with lower hypoxia tolerance. Overall, the data suggests a decoupling between diffusive water flux rates and oxygen consumption rates during hypoxia stress.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junho Eom, Chris M. Wood
Summary: A new less invasive device incorporating an ultrasonic flow probe and a divided chamber was used to measure ventilatory flow rate and % O-2 utilization in rainbow trout after exercise and feeding. The study found that respiration in trout is more efficient than previously believed.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Carolyn Morris, Chris M. Wood
Summary: Marine flatfishes show changes in diffusive water flux and ammonia excretion rates as salinity decreases, while oxygen consumption and urea-N excretion rates remain relatively stable. The increase in diffusive water flux is primarily caused by reduced [Ca2+], rather than reduced salinity itself. Our results suggest that both diffusive water flux and ammonia excretion rates are influenced by salinity and ambient [Ca2+].
Article
Biology
P. Ferreira, G. T. Kwan, S. Haldorson, J. L. Rummer, F. Tashiro, L. F. C. Castro, M. Tresguerres, J. M. Wilson
Summary: Puffer and porcupine fishes have the ability to inflate themselves by swallowing seawater to defend against predation, but this mechanism leads to the loss of stomach function. Through studying the stomach phenotype and genotype of four different fish species, it was found that this inflation mechanism is only present in Tetraodontiformes and is not a selective pressure for stomach loss in other gastric inflating fishes.