Journal
PETROLEUM SCIENCE
Volume 14, Issue 1, Pages 105-115Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s12182-016-0135-0
Keywords
Deep drilling; Drilling fluid model; High-temperature aging; Rheology; Silica nanoparticles; Stable invert emulsion
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An oil-based drilling fluid should be stable and tolerant to high temperatures for use in deep drilling. An invert emulsion of water in oil is a good choice as an oil-based drilling fluid which is a mixture of a solid phase and two immiscible liquid phases stabilized by a polymeric surfactant. In deep drilling, due to high temperatures, the polymeric surfactant degrades and a phase separation occurs. Here, octadecyltrimethoxysilane-modified silica nanoparticles were used to form a stable invert emulsion of water in oil for the drilling fluid model which resulted in a milky fluid with the formation of 60 A mu m water droplets. In addition, rheological study showed that using hydrophobic silica nanoparticles resulted in a stable water in oil invert emulsion with desired properties for a drilling fluid that can be modified by adjusting the nanoparticle nature and content. Aging experiments at 120 A degrees C indicated that they also have good stability at high temperatures for challenging drilling operations.
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