Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huamin Zeng, Ying Zhang, Sikai Huang, Jinghua Wu, Wenrui Ren, Lingru Zhou, Leneng Huang, Yuyin Ye
Summary: Metformin combined with spironolactone therapy may be more effective in reducing BMI and serum androgen levels in PCOS patients. However, it does not have a significant effect on hirsutism score or gonadotropin hormone levels, and is not associated with an elevation in side-effects. When the treatment course is greater than 6 months, combination therapy can effectively reduce FBG and improve insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qingjie Peng, Xiaojiang Chen, Xiaoxia Liang, Jiahui Ouyang, Qiangqiang Wang, Shuai Ren, Haibo Xie, Chunhong Wang, Yaqun Sun, Xin Wu, Hetao Liu, Changchun Hei, Miao Sun, Qing Chang, Xinrui Liu, Guangyong Li, Rui He
Summary: The study investigated the effect of metformin on PCOS using a PCOS mouse model and explored the mechanism of metformin in regulating PCOS mice through the ferroptosis pathway. The results showed that metformin not only improved body weight and metabolic disorders but also improved ovarian dysfunction in PCOS mice.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhe Tang, Jing Guan, Jue-hui Mao, Lu Han, Juan-juan Zhang, Rui Chen, Zheng Jiao
Summary: This study quantitatively evaluated and compared the effects of oral contraceptives, insulin sensitizers, and antiandrogens for treating polycystic ovary syndrome. The results showed that oral contraceptives performed well in improving menstruation, hirsutism score, and free androgen index, but elevated triglyceride levels. Metformin had a slight BMI-lowering effect, and lifestyle intervention with placebo significantly decreased BMI. Antiandrogens had weaker effects in reducing hirsutism score and free androgen index compared to oral contraceptives. Individualized pharmacotherapies based on baseline measurements achieved more clinical improvements. Further research is needed on long-term risk-benefit profiles and emerging therapies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xin Chen, Ying Lan, Lijie Yang, Yang Liu, Hongyu Li, Xinyun Zhu, Yuemeng Zhao, Caiyi Long, Mengjing Wang, Qingling Xie, Zhao Li, Jie Wu
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of acupuncture combined with metformin compared to metformin alone on the pregnancy rate of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that acupuncture combined with metformin can significantly improve the pregnancy rate, ovulation rate, and insulin resistance in PCOS.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shaimaa Aboeldalyl, Cathryn James, Emaduldin Seyam, Emad Moussa Ibrahim, Hossam El-Din Shawki, Saad Amer
Summary: The study found that circulating CRP levels are moderately elevated in women with PCOS, independent of obesity, indicating the presence of low-grade chronic inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Oyesanmi A. Fabunmi, Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla, Bongani B. Nkambule
Summary: This systematic review examines the link between oral contraceptive (OC) use and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and assesses the impact of geographic disparities on CVD risk among OC users. The findings suggest that OC users have a significant increase in traditional cardiovascular risk factors compared to non-OC users, while there is little to no difference in endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, the magnitude of CVD risks varies across different geographic regions.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yanan Sun, Xiuping Liu, Qi Ding, Shanshan Yin, Hongyu Yang
Summary: This study provides evidence for the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with metformin in the clinical treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Azizi Kutenaei, S. Hosseini Teshnizi, P. Ghaemmaghami, F. Eini, N. Roozbeh
Summary: Comparison study found that myo-inositol may improve fertility outcomes by modulating hyperandrogenism in patients with PCOS. Randomized trials are needed to understand the specific mechanisms of myo-inositol compared to metformin in terms of fertility outcomes.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ming-Li Sun, Wen-Pei Bai, Qing-Kun Song, Hui-Ying Wang, Guo-Lan Gao, Liang Zheng, Xing-He Wang
Summary: This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness and safety of LOD and Metformin in treating CCR-PCOS and found no difference in outcomes such as ovulation, pregnancy, and live birth. As LOD is an invasive procedure with inherent risks, Met/Met-CC should be considered as the second-line treatment for CCR-PCOS patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Johanna Melin, Maria Forslund, Simon Alesi, Terhi Piltonen, Daniela Romualdi, Poli Mara Spritzer, Chau Thien Tay, Alexia Pena, Selma Feldman Witchel, Aya Mousa, Helena Teede
Summary: This review evaluates the effectiveness of metformin and lifestyle modification compared with placebo in the management of PCOS and will inform the forthcoming, 2023 evidence-based PCOS guidelines. The results showed that metformin can reduce body mass index, insulin resistance, fasting glucose, waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides in PCOS patients. Therefore, metformin should be considered as an efficacious adjunct to lifestyle interventions in adults with PCOS, especially for those with a higher BMI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Leyi Fu, Ningning Xie, Fan Qu, Jue Zhou, Fangfang Wang
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents. The results showed that adolescents with PCOS were more than three times as likely to have MetS compared to controls. Obese adolescents with PCOS also had a higher risk of MetS compared to those with obesity but without PCOS. Blood pressure and lipid metabolism were found to be affected in adolescents with PCOS, indicating that PCOS could increase the frequency of MetS by influencing these factors independent of obesity.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Junde Zhao, Xiaohui Sui, Qingyu Shi, Dan Su, Zhiheng Lin
Summary: This meta-analysis demonstrates the efficacy of antioxidant intervention in patients with PCOS, showing a significant effect on insulin resistance and lipid metabolism improvement. However, antioxidant intervention has no discernible impact on testosterone levels or body mass index. Omega-3 may be a more effective antioxidant intervention for PCOS.
Article
Oncology
Jean-Ellen Johnson, Diandra Daley, Cristi Tarta, Paul I. I. Stanciu
Summary: Existing literature shows an association between PCOS and endometrial cancer, but the current evidence is sparse and inconsistent, lacking clarity on the exact strength of this association. It is also uncertain if confounding factors like age and BMI affect the risk. This meta-analysis quantifies the increased risk of endometrial cancer in females with PCOS compared to those without PCOS and suggests the need for larger, well-controlled studies.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jonathan Wang, Deborah Chin, Christopher Poon, Valeria Mancino, Jessica Pham, Hui Li, Pei-Yin Ho, Kenneth R. Hallows, Eun Ji Chung
Summary: Nanoparticles synthesized from chitosan showed promising mucoadhesive and permeation capabilities in vitro, with improved controlled release and serum delivery over 24 hours. Loading metformin into chitosan nanoparticles resulted in lower cyst burden in a PKD murine model, demonstrating good tolerance and kidney health. This study presents a novel, oral nanoformulation for chronic diseases like PKD, building upon previous chitosan-based drug delivery approaches.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Forslund, Johanna Melin, Simon Alesi, Terhi Piltonen, Daniela Romualdi, Chau Thien Tay, Selma Witchel, Alexia Pena, Aya Mousa, Helena Teede
Summary: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The findings showed that fourth-generation COCPs were effective in reducing body mass index (BMI) and testosterone levels compared to third-generation agents. Ethinyl estradiol (EE)/cyproterone acetate (CPA) was more effective in reducing hirsutism, biochemical hyperandrogenism, and BMI compared to conventional COCPs. However, due to the higher risk of venous thrombotic events (VTE) in the general population, EE/CPA is not recommended as a first-line COCP treatment for PCOS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Peter Konyn, Omar Alshuwaykh, Brittany B. Dennis, George Cholankeril, Aijaz Ahmed, Donghee Kim
Summary: Gallstone disease is an independent risk factor for NAFLD but is not associated with all-cause mortality in individuals with NAFLD. Screening for gallstone disease may help stratify the risk of all-cause mortality related to gallstone disease.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Reem Al Khalifah, Ayman Al-Eyadhy, Najd Musibeeh, Anfal Alshalawi, Noor Alanazi, Ayman Alhboob, Gamal Hassan, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Ali A. N. Alhaboob, Rupesh Raina, Khalid Alhasan
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, short-term kidney outcomes, severity, and predictors of AKI development and resolution in children with DKA. The findings showed that AKI is a common complication in children with DKA, but mostly transient. The severity of AKI is associated with longer ICU stays and time for acidosis resolution. Male gender and lower serum bicarbonate levels are risk factors for AKI development.
PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Donghee Kim, Omar Alshuwaykh, Brittany B. Dennis, George Cholankeril, Joshua W. Knowles, Aijaz Ahmed
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the mortality trends of chronic liver disease among individuals with diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that the mortality rate of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis significantly increased among individuals with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the mortality rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease. Overall, individuals with diabetes were more likely to die from chronic liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Donghee Kim, Brittany B. Dennis, Karn Wijarnpreecha, George Cholankeril, Aijaz Ahmed
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaneela Shahid, Ginna Cabra-Bautista, Ivan Florez
Summary: This proposed study aims to systematically identify and appraise clinical practice guidelines and recommendations for treating neonatal hypoglycemia. Different databases and grey literature will be searched, and quality assessments will be conducted using AGREE II and AGREE-REX instruments. The results will help to identify methodological and quality gaps in existing guidelines.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Franciele Cordeiro Gabriel, Airton Tetelbom Stein, Daniela de Oliveira Melo, Gessica Caroline Henrique Fontes-Mota, Itamires Benicio dos Santos, Camila da Silva Rodrigues, Andrea D. Dourado, Monica Cristiane Rodrigues, Renerio Fraguas, Ivan Florez, Diogo Telles Correia, Eliane Ribeiro
Summary: Depression is a serious mental health disorder, and some patients with depression fail to respond to antidepressant treatment, known as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) aim to improve diagnosis and treatment, but there is significant variability in the definitions and recommendations for TRD among high-quality CPGs.
Correction
Surgery
Stavros A. Antoniou, Ivan D. Florez, Sheraz Markar, Patricia Logullo, Manuel Lopez-Cano, Gianfranco Silecchia, George A. Antoniou, Sofia Tsokani, Dimitrios Mavridis, Melissa Brouwers
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Shaneela Shahid, Janet Weisz, Ivan D. Florez
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic and its preventive measures have had an impact on the well-being of parents and children, leading to increased parental anxiety and regression in children's developmental milestones. The study found that a significant number of parents reported weight changes in their children, as well as regression in toileting, speech, and social interaction. The survey also showed an increase in parental anxiety compared to before the pandemic.
CLINICAL PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Correction
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xiaomei Yao, Jun Xia, Yinghui Jin, Quan Shen, Qi Wang, Ying Zhu, Sheila Mcnair, Jonathan Sussman, Zhiwen Wang, Ivan D. Florez, Xian-Tao Zeng, Melissa Brouwers
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Qinyuan Li, Qi Zhou, Ivan D. Florez, Joseph L. Mathew, Yasser Sami Amer, Janne Estill, Rosalind Louise Smyth, Enmei Liu, Yaolong Chen, Zhengxiu Luo, RESCUE Working Grp
Summary: This study aims to identify existing reporting standards for child health research, assess the robustness of the standards development process, and evaluate the dissemination of these standards. The results show a quantitative and qualitative paucity of well-developed reporting standards for child health research, and the available standards are poorly implemented.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Franciele Cordeiro Gabriel, Daniela Oliveira de Melo, Airton Tetelbom Stein, Gessica Caroline Henrique Fontes-Mota, Itamires Benicio dos Santos, Camila da Silva Rodrigues, Monica Cristiane Rodrigues, Tatiane Bomfim Ribeiro, Renerio Fraguas, Ivan D. Florez, Diogo Telles-Correia, Eliane Ribeiro
Summary: This study aimed to assess the quality of clinical practice guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of depression and explore factors associated with higher quality. The results showed that 27% of the guidelines were classified as high quality, with 11.1% having high-quality recommendations. Factors associated with higher quality included handling of conflicts of interest, multiprofessional teams, and type of institution.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Areti Angeliki Veroniki, Eric Kai Chung Wong, Carole Lunny, Juan Camilo Martinez Molina, Ivan D. Florez, Andrea C. Tricco, Sharon E. Straus
Summary: Evidence suggests that industry-sponsored network meta-analyses (NMAs) are more likely to recommend their own interventions and report positive conclusions compared to non-industry-sponsored NMAs. This bias in funding may affect the completeness and reliability of the findings.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jose F. Meneses-Echavez, Julia Bidonde, Camila Montesinos-Guevara, Yasser S. Amer, Andres Felipe Loaiza-Betancur, Luis Andres Tellez Tinjaca, David Fraile Navarro, Tina Poklepovic Pericic, Malgorzata M. Bala, Dawid Storman, Mateusz Swierz, Joanna Zajac, Ivan D. Florez, Holger Schunemann, Signe Flottorp, Pablo Alonso-Coellor
Summary: This study aimed to determine if the use of Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks is associated with higher quality guidelines and recommendations. Analysis of 66 guidelines showed that those using an EtD framework scored higher in quality domains. This suggests that endorsement of EtD frameworks by guideline developing organizations can improve the quality of their guidelines.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Yuting Wang, Ivan D. Florez, Rebecca L. Morgan, Farid Foroutan, Yaping Chang, Holly N. Crandon, Dena Zeraatkar, Malgorzata M. Bala, Randi Q. Mao, Brendan Tao, Shaneela Shahid, Xiaoqin Wang, Joseph Beyene, Martin Offringa, Philip M. Sherman, Enas El Gouhary, Gordon H. Guyatt, Behnam Sadeghirad
Summary: This study assessed the effectiveness of administering probiotics, prebiotics, or both in preventing morbidity and mortality in premature infants. The results showed that multiple-strain probiotics were associated with reduced all-cause mortality, and the combination of multiple-strain probiotics with oligosaccharides was the most effective intervention for reducing severe necrotizing enterocolitis. The combination of single-strain probiotics with lactoferrin was the most effective intervention for reducing sepsis.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marli Mc Allister, Ivan D. Florez, Suzaan Stoker, Michael Mccaul
Summary: This scoping review aimed to describe and compare geographical synthesis studies that assessed the quality of clinical practice guidelines using the AGREE tool. The study findings revealed low rates of development reporting and use of GRADE in country-wide and regional synthesis studies, as well as low domain scores for Editorial Independence, especially in middle-income countries.
BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(2023)
