Journal
PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY
Volume 31, Issue 10, Pages 1571-1577Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3333-5
Keywords
Nephrogenesis; Nephron progenitors; Hypoxia; Placental insufficiency
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Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [U24 DK076169, K01 DK096996, R01 DK103776, R00 DK087922] Funding Source: Medline
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Mammals develop in a physiologically hypoxic state, and the oxygen tension of different tissues in the embryo is precisely controlled. Deviation from normal oxygenation, such as what occurs in placental insufficiency, can disrupt fetal development. Several studies demonstrate that intrauterine hypoxia has a negative effect on kidney development. As nascent nephrons are forming from nephron progenitors in the nephrogenic zone, they are exposed to varying oxygen tension by virtue of the development of the renal vasculature. Thus, nephrogenesis may be linked to oxygen tension. However, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs remains unclear. This review focuses on what is known about molecular mechanisms active in physiological and pathological hypoxia and their effects on kidney development.
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