Journal
PANCREAS
Volume 45, Issue 10, Pages 1401-1410Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000635
Keywords
pancreatic cancer; menstrual and reproductive factors; exogenous hormones; hysterectomy; consortium
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Funding
- Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer (RTICC) [Rd06/0020/0091, Rd12/0036/0018]
- Generalitat de Catalunya
- Grant Agency of Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic [IGA MZ CR 8090-3, 9422-3]
- MH CZ - DRO (MMCI) [00209805]
- RECAMO [CZ. 1.05/2.1.00/03.0101]
- Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) [10068]
- Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC)
- NIH [R01 CA098380]
- Prevention, Control, and Population Research Goldstein Award
- Society of MSKCC
- Geoffrey Beene Cancer Research Fund
- National Cancer Institute [CA059706, CA108370, CA109767, CA089726, CA098889]
- Rombauer Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund
- California Department of Public Health, the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program [N01-PC-35136]
- Cancer Research Society
- U.S. National Institute of Health [5R01 CA114421]
- Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality
- Shanghai Cancer Institute [SB10-06]
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Objectives We aimed to evaluate the relation between menstrual and reproductive factors, exogenous hormones, and risk of pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods Eleven case-control studies within the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-control Consortium took part in the present study, including in total 2838 case and 4748 control women. Pooled estimates of odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a 2-step logistic regression model and adjusting for relevant covariates. Results An inverse OR was observed in women who reported having had hysterectomy (ORyesvs.no, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.91), remaining significant in postmenopausal women and never-smoking women, adjusted for potential PC confounders. A mutually adjusted model with the joint effect for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and hysterectomy showed significant inverse associations with PC in women who reported having had hysterectomy with HRT use (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.48-0.84). Conclusions Our large pooled analysis suggests that women who have had a hysterectomy may have reduced risk of PC. However, we cannot rule out that the reduced risk could be due to factors or indications for having had a hysterectomy. Further investigation of risk according to HRT use and reason for hysterectomy may be necessary.
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