Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Patrick Lundgren, Prateek Sharma, Christoph A. Thaiss
Summary: The study found that changes in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome induced by a high-fat diet facilitate the development of antibiotic tolerance by bacterial pathogens.
Article
Acoustics
Garuda Fujii
Summary: We numerically demonstrate an inverse design of a structure that can camouflage the location of a sound source. By using a topology optimization approach, we minimize the difference between the sound pressure fields from an actual source and a virtual source to achieve the camouflage. Elastic structures made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene are optimally designed for camouflage without the use of acoustic metamaterials. The effectiveness of this scheme in camouflaging the location of sound sources is evaluated by studying the underlying mechanisms and the dependence on the distance between actual and virtual locations.
JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miriding Mutailipu, Kenneth R. Poeppelmeier, Shilie Pan
Summary: The review aims to present a clear chemical perspective of borates to stimulate the discovery of new borate-based optical materials. Through the analysis of complex structural chemistry and technological advances, it serves as a comprehensive reference for researchers interested in borate-based optical materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jonathan Jurkat, Sebastian Klembt, Marco De Gregorio, Moritz Meinecke, Quirin Buchinger, Tristan H. Harder, Johannes Beierlein, Oleg A. Egorov, Monika Emmerling, Constantin Krause, Christian Schneider, Tobias Huber-Loyola, Sven Hoefling
Summary: The introduction of topological physics to photonics has resulted in the development of robust photonic devices. While classical topological protection of light has been achieved, the utilization of quantum light sources in devices with topologically nontrivial resonances remains largely unexplored.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chika Kaneko, Mika Yoshinaga
Summary: This study analyzed the long-term operational performance of a modular-type ground source heat pump (ASHP) combined with a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system installed at a university in a warmer region of Japan. The results showed that in warmer regions, the imbalance of ground heat balance is more likely due to the cooling load being greater than the heating load and the addition of electrical consumption heat from the GSHP to the rejection heat to the ground. The increase in ground temperature and decrease in the seasonal performance coefficient (SCOP) of the GSHP during cooling periods are caused by the predominant rejection into the ground for extraction from the ground. However, a decrease in the cooling load in one season significantly reduces the ground temperature during cooling in the following season. The module-type ASHP can quickly control its thermal output and react to HVAC load fluctuations before GSHP output control, which lowers the load factor of the GSHP and causes the ASHP to start and stop repeatedly at extremely low loads.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Darren J. Batey, Frederic Van Assche, Sander Vanheule, Matthieu N. Boone, Andrew J. Parnell, Oleksandr O. Mykhaylyk, Christoph Rau, Silvia Cipiccia
Summary: This experiment demonstrated the successful application of X-ray ptychography in a small-scale laboratory setting, showcasing the potential for high-resolution phase contrast imaging to be performed at small-scale sources worldwide.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
F. Kirsten, B. Marcote, K. Nimmo, J. W. T. Hessels, M. Bhardwaj, S. P. Tendulkar, A. Keimpema, J. Yang, M. P. Snelders, P. Scholz, A. B. Pearlman, C. J. Law, W. M. Peters, M. Giroletti, Z. Paragi, C. Bassa, D. M. Hewitt, U. Bach, V Bezrukovs, M. Burgay, S. T. Buttaccio, J. E. Conway, A. Corongiu, R. Feiler, O. Forssen, M. P. Gawronski, R. Karuppusamy, M. A. Kharinov, M. Lindqvist, G. Maccaferri, A. Melnikov, O. S. Ould-Boukattine, A. Possenti, G. Surcis, N. Wang, J. Yuan, K. Aggarwal, R. Anna-Thomas, G. C. Bower, R. Blaauw, S. Burke-Spolaor, T. Cassanelli, T. E. Clarke, E. Fonseca, B. M. Gaensler, A. Gopinath, V. M. Kaspi, N. Kassim, T. J. W. Lazio, C. Leung, D. Z. Li, H. H. Lin, K. W. Masui, R. Mckinven, D. Michilli, A. G. Mikhailov, C. Ng, A. Orbidans, U. L. Pen, E. Petroff, M. Rahman, S. M. Ransom, K. Shin, K. M. Smith, I. H. Stairs, W. Vlemmings
Summary: The fast radio burst FRB 20200120E is reported to originate from a globular cluster in the galaxy M81, which challenges previous models that invoke young magnetars as the source of FRBs. Instead, it is proposed that FRB 20200120E may come from a highly magnetized neutron star formed through the collapse of a white dwarf or the merger of compact stars in a binary system.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua Harvey, Dmitry Rinberg
Summary: A new study suggests that mammalian olfaction may be faster than previously thought. Mice are able to distinguish between olfactory stimuli with different temporal structures at frequencies up to 40 Hz. Researchers are investigating how mammals achieve high-bandwidth olfaction and the reasons behind it.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hossein Khoshgou, Seyed Ali Akbar Salehi Neyshabouri
Summary: A numerical model has been developed in this study to accurately simulate a pollutant source with either a finite-duration or spill injection, and it can accurately identify the release time and location of the pollutant source.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Md Akhtaruzzaman, Waleed Abdel-Qader, Helmi Hammami, Syed Shams
Summary: The study examines the role of China and the US in transmitting contagions to South Asia, finding that Chinese and US financial firms transmitted more spillovers than they received during the global financial crisis. Results show that trade intensity, economic downturns, and negative net equity capital outflows positively influence dynamic conditional correlations between South Asian and US/Chinese financial stock returns. The role of Chinese financial firms in transmitting shocks to South Asia may be of interest to policymakers, regulators, and other market participants.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Peixia Li, Jing Hu, Meng Zhang, Lin He, Kai Li, Xiandeng Hou, Xiaoming Jiang
Summary: A compact tandem excitation source was developed by igniting a point discharge in an argon/hydrogen flame, resulting in improved excitation for chromium emission. By combining a tungsten coil electrothermal vaporizer (ETV) with the tandem source, a miniaturized optical emission spectrometer was created. The excitation capability was enhanced by the synergistic effect of the point discharge microplasma and the argon/hydrogen flame. Analytical sensitivity for chromium was greatly improved through the collective effect of the tungsten coil ETV, flame, and point discharge microplasma.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Shuying Wei, Xiaohong Chen, Jingye Li, Jitao Ma, Guangtan Huang
Summary: Passive source location estimation technology is crucial in microseismic monitoring, but the weak energy and noise interference pose challenges to the accuracy of detecting and locating microseismic events. Existing wave-equation-based methods are not suitable for complex geological structures. Therefore, this study proposes a high-resolution microseismic source location estimation method based on scattering theory, contrast source numerical simulation, and optimized grouping imaging condition.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chengyu Yan, Juha Hassel, Visa Vesterinen, Jinli Zhang, Joni Ikonen, Leif Gronberg, Jan Goetz, Mikko Mottonen
Summary: The study presents an on-chip device based on a Josephson junction capable of coherent microwave emission, meeting the requirements for quantum-coherent operations. The characteristics of the device adhere to a perturbative theory based on a capacitively shunted Josephson junction, with low phase noise from the cryogenic microwave source resulting in infidelity lower than that caused by dephasing in superconducting qubits.
NATURE ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Sawan Rai, Ramesh Chandra Belwal, Atul Gupta
Summary: This article examines current practices in code documentation and analyzes existing literature to provide insights into their preparedness in addressing the stated problem and the challenges ahead. The research community has primarily focused on method-level summarization, with deep learning dominating the field in the past five years. Researchers are regularly proposing larger corpora for source code documentation, with Java and Python being the widely used programming languages as the corpus. Bilingual Evaluation Understudy is the most favored evaluation metric among researchers.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wanqing Yu, Jing Zhang, Lijuan Liu, Yan Li, Xiaoyu Li
Summary: Optimizing landscape pattern is crucial for reducing non-point source pollution and improving river water quality. The source-sink landscape theory provides insights for analyzing the spatial heterogeneity of NPS pollution. In Southeastern China, the proportion of sink landscape is greater than that of source landscape, with farmland being the primary source of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. Intensive farming areas and densely populated areas degrade water quality despite a high proportion of forest land. The source-sink landscape indices have significant correlations with different pollutants. Optimizing the source-sink landscape pattern is important for mitigating agricultural NPS pollution.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Hongbin Fang, Zhanfang Chen, Yang Liu, Tiancheng Zhang, Jing Chang, Zizheng Li, Lingxiao Zhang, Junkang Sui, Jing Ru, Yucheng Gu, Xuewen Hua
Summary: The development of new green fungicides is an effective way to solve the resistance of agricultural pathogens and plays an important role in promoting high-quality and sustainable development of modern agriculture.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Guantian Yang, Cong Zhou, Yutong Wang, Yuxin Li, Yucheng Gu, Zhong Li, Jiagao Cheng, Xiaoyong Xu
Summary: To develop novel chemotypes of anthranilic diamides, a series of anthranilic diamides with acrylamide linkers were synthesized. The compounds with a monofluoroalkene amide linker showed good larvicidal activity against lepidopteran pests. Compound A23 exhibited similar symptoms as chlorantraniliprole and had a better binding potency to P. xylostella RyR. This study explored the feasibility of using fluoroalkenes as insecticide fragments.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xin He, Guoqing Peng, Jianying Luo, Jian-Ping Huang, Jing Yang, Yijun Yan, Yu-Cheng Gu, Li Wang, Sheng-Xiong Huang
Summary: Six new azoxy-aromatic compounds and two new nitrogen-bearing phenylvaleric/phenylheptanoic acid derivatives were isolated from Streptomyces sp. Py50 and their structures were elucidated. Compounds 1, 5, and 6 exhibited anti-fungal activity against Epidermophyton floccosum with MIC50 values ranging from 10.1 to 51.2 μM. A possible biosynthetic pathway for compounds 2 and 3 was proposed.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jing-Rui Liu, Ya Gao, Bing Jin, Dale Guo, Fang Deng, Qiang Bian, Hai-Feng Zhang, Xin-Ya Han, Abdallah S. Ali, Ming-Zhi Zhang, Wei-Hua Zhang, Yu-Cheng Gu
Summary: Based on natural products streptochlorin and pimprinine, a series of streptochlorin derivatives with nitrile group were synthesized. The most promising candidate, compound 3a, demonstrated over 85% growth inhibition against several fungi and displayed a broad antifungal spectrum. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that non-substituted or alkyl-substituted oxazole ring at the 2-position favored antifungal activity, while aryl and monosubstituted aryl were detrimental. Molecular docking models indicated that 3a formed interactions with Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase, providing insight into its mechanism of action.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiao-Hui Li, Jia-Hui Zhang, Yu Zhang, Ying-Tong Di, Yu-Cheng Gu, Mingming Cao, Xiao-Jiang Hao
Summary: Four new Myrioneuron alkaloids, mysumamines A-D (1-4), and six known compounds (5-10) were isolated from the aerial parts of Mycetia effusa (syn. Myrioneuron effusum, Rubiaceae). Compounds 1-3 are undescribed tricyclic Myrioneuron alkaloids, while compound 4 is a new hexacyclic Myrioneuron alkaloid. The structures of these new compounds were determined by MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis.
PHYTOCHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zhiwei Li, Sheng Mei, Jiuyu Liu, Jingxuan Huang, Hao Yue, Tingjie Ge, Kang Wang, Xinzi He, Yu-Cheng Gu, Changliang Hu, Minghui Tong, Xuan Shi, Yanfang Zhao, Yajing Liu, Mingze Qin, Ping Gong, Yunlei Hou
Summary: This study optimized a series of novel dihydropteridone derivatives as potent inhibitors of PLK1. Compound 21g showed improved PLK1 inhibitory capability and significant anti-proliferative activities against tumor-derived cell lines. It also exhibited better pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to BI2536 in mice.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Dai-Chuan Huang, Zhuo He, Dale Guo, Fang Deng, Qiang Bian, Haifeng Zhang, Abdallah S. Ali, Ming-Zhi Zhang, Wei-Hua Zhang, Yu-Cheng Gu
Summary: Streptochlorin, an indole alkaloid derived from marine microorganisms, showed potent bioactivity against phytopathogenic fungi. A series of benzoxaborole-containing streptochlorin derivatives were synthesized and exhibited significant antifungal activities, especially compounds 4i and 5f, which showed impressive effects against Gibberella zeae and Rhizoctorzia solani.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yun-Zhao Wang, Zhen-Hua Wang, Inbal L. L. Eshel, Bing Sun, Dong Liu, Yu-Cheng Gu, Anat Milo, Tian-Sheng Mei
Summary: The efficiency of the enantioselective nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of aryl aziridines with aryl iodides is improved through an electrochemical method. Beta-phenethylamines are produced in good to excellent enantioselectivity with broad functional group tolerance. The electroreduction-mediated turnover of the nickel catalyst is credited for the high efficiency of this method.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhanfang Chen, Hongbin Fang, Jing Chang, Tiancheng Zhang, Yanhong Cui, Lingxiao Zhang, Junkang Sui, Qingping Ma, Peisen Su, Juyuan Wang, Jing Ru, Yucheng Gu, Hengjia Zhang, Xuewen Hua
Summary: In this project, quinoline and quinolone-containing hydrazide compounds were synthesized and showed excellent and broad-spectrum fungicidal activity. Compound E8 was found to affect the plasma membrane of fungi, leading to changes in morphology and subcellular structure. Fusarium graminearum exhibited resistance to E8 through metabolic pathways related to l-glutamate, l-glutamine, and glutathione. Additionally, the study investigated the effects of compound E8 on wheat seedling growth and its toxicity to zebrafish. These findings provide valuable guidance for the discovery of novel fungicidal lead compounds and the exploration of new targets to combat drug resistance.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Hongbin Fang, Jing Chang, Tiancheng Zhang, Zhanfang Chen, Guiqing Wang, Yanhong Cui, Junkang Sui, Lingxiao Zhang, Chen Liu, Yucheng Gu, Xue-Wen Hua
Summary: Structure optimization based on natural products is an effective approach for developing new green fungicides. In this project, thirty-two novel hydrazide compounds derived from natural products were designed and synthesized. The fungicidal bioassays showed that these compounds exhibited excellent and selective activity against specific pathogens. Further investigations revealed the fungicidal mechanism and analyzed the structural factors influencing the bioactivity. These findings provide important guidance for the development and practical application of novel fungicides.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Guantian Yang, Yutong Wang, Cong Zhou, Yuxin Li, Yucheng Gu, Zhong Li, Zhiping Xu, Jiagao Cheng, Xiaoyong Xu
Summary: The research successfully synthesized 44 compounds containing monofluoroalkene and found that some of them exhibited excellent larvicidal activity against lepidopteran pests. Three-dimensional QSAR analysis and molecular docking were conducted to investigate the bioactivity mechanisms of these compounds. Additionally, typical symptoms caused by the compounds and the potential insecticidal mechanism were observed.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ying Wang, Zhen Ying, Xiao-Ming Li, Sui-Qun Yang, Hong-Lei Li, Bin-Gui Wang, Ling-Hong Meng
Summary: Two new nonadride derivatives and one new depsidone derivative were identified from the fungus Talaromyces scorteus AS-242, isolated from the Magellan Seamount. These compounds showed potent antimicrobial activities against MRSA, V. parahaemolyticus, and pathogenic fungi, indicating their potential therapeutic effects.
JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Yi-Qian Han, Qun Zhang, Wei-Feng Xu, Yang Hai, Rong Chao, Cui-Fang Wang, Xue-Mei Hou, Mei-Yan Wei, Yu-Cheng Gu, Chang-Yun Wang, Chang-Lun Shao
Summary: Further investigation on Aspergillus versicolor, a fungus derived from a soft coral, using MS/MS-based molecular networking, led to the discovery of seven known cycloheptapeptides and one new cycloheptapeptide. The structure of the new compound was determined through spectroscopic analysis and its configuration was confirmed using Marfey's method. The synthesis of a derivative of one of the known cycloheptapeptides was successfully achieved and optimized. The anti-tubercular activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated, revealing the importance of serine hydroxy groups and tryptophan residue in the activity.
MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Haitao Gao, Jiaxing Yu, Jinyi Chen, Hao Wang, Shaoqi Liang, Zhike Feng, Yucheng Gu, Liyao Dong
Summary: Echinochloa phyllopogon, a malignant weed in Northeast China's paddy fields, has been showing increasing resistance to herbicides. Our study focused on the HJHL-715 E. phyllopogon population, which exhibited heightened resistance to the herbicide penoxsulam. Pretreatment with a P450 inhibitor malathion significantly increased the sensitivity of resistant plants to penoxsulam. By isolating resistant materials from individual plants, we identified target-site resistance (TSR) and non-target-site resistance (NTSR) mechanisms in the resistant population. Mutations in acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes Pro-197-Thr and Trp-574-Leu were found to reduce the sensitivity of ALS to penoxsulam, while enhanced metabolism of penoxsulam was observed in NTSR materials. Our study confirmed the coexistence of TSR and NTSR mechanisms in E. phyllopogon's resistance to ALS inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Zhe Sun, Rui Zhao, Meng Yu, Yabo Liu, Yingjian Ma, Xinyu Guo, Yu-cheng Gu, Carl Formstone, Yong Xu, Xuemin Wu
Summary: This study investigates the dosage delivery of suspension concentrate (SC) in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) plant protection. The researchers find that the type and concentration of tank-mix adjuvant have significant effects on the dosage delivery of SC. They also identify MO501, Silwet 408, and XL-70 as effective adjuvants for improving the wetting and spreading properties of SC. Additionally, they propose that the formulation oil dispersion (OD) can enhance dosage delivery by reducing drift and inhibiting rebound. The findings provide guidance for the rational selection of tank-mix adjuvants and potential applications of OD for UAV plant protection.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
