Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Huaizhi Gao, Runnan Yu, Yongshuai Gong, Zongwen Ma, Zhangwei He, Yiman Dong, Kunxiang Xu, Yiming Bai, Zhan'ao Tan
Summary: In this study, small organic molecules with dual functions of light trapping and electron collection were designed and synthesized for use in organic solar cells. The use of these molecules successfully improved the light absorption efficiency and power conversion efficiency of the cells. One of the molecules also achieved a record-level power conversion efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Mao, Bingchang Zhang, Yihao Shi, Xiaofeng Wu, Yuanyuan He, Di Wu, Jiansheng Jie, Chun-Sing Lee, Xiaohong Zhang
Summary: This study presents a high-sensitivity photodetector based on a conformal MoS2/silicon nanowire array heterojunction with an ultrathin Al2O3 interfacial passivation layer, which can exhibit broadband photoresponse ranging from 300 to 1600 nm and detect ultra-weak infrared signals effectively. The device is capable of detecting ultra-weak IR signals without applying any external bias, showing great potential for low-cost and high-performance optoelectronic devices.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaolu Ma, Jin Zhao, Run Wang, Yuyao Li, Chuanyong Liu, Yong Liu
Summary: This study presents a method of using a three-dimensional light-trapping structure for light absorption, which has a wide range of angles and broad spectrum absorption performance. It has the potential to solve the problem of fresh water shortage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramy El-Bashar, Mohamed Hussein, Salem F. Hegazy, Yehia Badr, B. M. A. Rahman, Kenneth T. Grattan, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, Salah S. A. Obayya
Summary: The electrical characteristics of quad-crescent-shaped silicon nanowire solar cells were analyzed numerically to optimize performance, resulting in increased optical absorption and power conversion efficiency. The core-shell junction design showed an improvement of approximately 80% in conversion efficiency due to the high back surface field layer, with minimal impact from nanowire surface recombination compared to the axial junction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shih-Hsiu Chen, Kuan-Yi Kuo, Kun-Hung Tsai, Chia-Yun Chen
Summary: This study successfully achieved orientation modulation of silicon nanowires with controlled size and spacing by adjusting the etchant compositions. Hybrid solar cells constructed with these nanowires showed improved performance compared to traditional ones.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hyungseok Kang, Joo Sung Kim, Seok-Ryul Choi, Young-Hoon Kim, Do Hwan Kim, Jung-Gu Kim, Tae-Woo Lee, Jeong Ho Cho
Summary: This study focuses on modifying the work function and conductivity of metal silver nanowire (AgNW) networks used as the anode electrode in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) through a low-cost and facile electroplating method. The electroplating process successfully deposited four different metals onto the AgNWs, resulting in metal nanowires with varying characteristics. This method holds promise for the fabrication of next-generation OLEDs.
Article
Optics
Jun Lan, Junbo Liu, Song Hu, Yong Yang
Summary: This study introduces a clustered silicon nanowire (Cl-SiNWs) structure that has a lower manufacturing difficulty and outperforms conventional cylindrical silicon nanowires in terms of optical and electrical characteristics. The performance is further improved by adding a silicon substrate and silver backreflector. Therefore, the suggested Cl-SiNWs show tremendous potential for the future development of low-cost and highly efficient solar cells.
Article
Optics
Benedikt Blaesi, Mario Hanser, Klaus Jaeger, Oliver Hoehn
Summary: Solar cells can enhance light trapping efficiency by utilizing gratings. We present an analytical model to optimize the grating period and provide guidelines for maximizing light trapping in high-end solar cells.
Article
Optics
R. El-Bashar, M. Hussein, Salem F. Hegazy, Y. Badr, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: The study introduces a novel design of silicon NW solar cells with quad crescent shapes and provides theoretical numerical analysis. The structure shows high light absorption efficiency and low cost, with improved absorption rate through multiple light scattering. Compared to conventional NWs, the proposed NW significantly increases short circuit current density and ultimate efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fawad Tariq, Ameer Abdullah, Mandar A. Kulkarni, Hamza Thaalbi, Jun-Seok-Ha, June Key Lee, Sang-Wan Ryu
Summary: GaN nanowires are promising photoelectrode materials due to their direct bandgap and high-efficiency photon absorption. However, their practical application is limited by poor stability and low conversion efficiency, which can be improved by loading a passivation layer and cocatalyst.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Subbiramaniyan Kubendhiran, Gavin Sison, Hsiao Ping Hsu, Chung-Wen Lan
Summary: Inverted pyramid (IP) texturization on silicon wafers is important for solar cells, with wet chemical etching methods being commonly used for preparation. This study proposed a simple metal catalytic chemical etching (MCCE) method using a specific solution for single crystalline silicon (sc-Si), with improved etching uniformity achieved by controlling the flow of nitrogen gas bubbles.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Danial Shafqat, Nasir Mahmood, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Yehia Massoud
Summary: This study investigates the wavefront manipulation capability of all-dielectric metasurfaces using silicon nitride as a suitable material for the UV spectrum. By combining multiple phase distributions into a single device, perfect vortex beam generation is achieved. The results show that diffracted light from metasurfaces with different topological charges results in an annular intensity profile with the same ring radius.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zheng-Yang Huo, Lea R. Winter, Xiao-Xiong Wang, Ye Du, Yin-Hu Wu, Uwe Hubner, Hong-Ying Hu, Menachem Elimelech
Summary: The study integrates electroporation with electrochlorination to achieve efficient water disinfection under high water flux, providing a rapid and energy-efficient solution for pathogen elimination.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaolong Ma, Xiaodong Jia, Hui Gao, Dongsheng Wen
Summary: Through the design of light-trapping surface structures and the use of ultrasonic spray coating methods, solar absorption and thermal conversion efficiency can be significantly improved to achieve solar vapor generation. The nanofiber light-trapping coating shows strong solar absorption capabilities across the entire solar spectrum at different incident angles.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Li, Bintong Huang, Yuanhao Wang, Aijia Li, Yong Wang, Yangyang Pan, Jia Chai, Ze Liu, Yueming Zhai
Summary: The single-molecule technique for investigating unlabeled proteins in solution is challenging, but nanopore sensing offers a label-free tool for collecting structural information. This study developed a reliable method to convert a silicon nitride nanopore into a stable nanonet platform for single-entity sensing. The nanonet provides more structural information and captures the UV-light-induced structural-change process of individual proteins.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ahmed El-Sayed Abd-Elkader, B. M. Younis, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, Salah S. A. Obayya
Summary: An efficient mid-infrared optical modulator is introduced and analyzed for both TE and TM polarized modes. The design utilizes a silicon-on-calcium-fluoride platform with vanadium dioxide as the phase changing material. The modulator achieves high extinction ratios and low insertion losses, making it suitable for a wide range of MIR applications.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ola Youssef M. Hiza, B. M. Younis, Nihal F. F. Areed, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: An ultra-compact hybrid plasmonic grating based TE pass polarizer using the SOI platform is proposed and analyzed. The structure utilizes bi-metallic grating of noble metals (rhodium and silver) to achieve a better plasmonic response. Numerical results show that the TE-pass polarizer offers an extinction ratio of 36.6 dB and an insertion loss of about 0.8 dB at a wavelength of 1.55 μm, with robustness to fabrication errors.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Amr Hisham K. Mahmoud, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, Mohamed Hussein, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: This paper introduces and numerically analyzes flower-shaped nanowires (FS-NWs) with improved light harvesting. The optical and electrical characteristics of the FS-NWs are studied using the finite-difference time-domain and finite-element methods. The FS-NWs show higher absorption than conventional cylindrical NWs (CC-NWs) due to multiple resonance peaks and higher cross-section scattering.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ahmed S. Saadeldin, Amr M. Sayed, Adnan M. Amr, Menna O. Sayed, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: An ultrathin and broadband metamaterial absorber with loaded four lumped resistors is proposed and analyzed in this study. The absorptivity is increased by simultaneously reducing the reflection and transmission coefficients. The proposed design utilizes continuous metallic ground to achieve zero transmission and matches the impedance with free space to reduce reflection. It demonstrates electric and magnetic resonances with perfect absorptivity. The suggested absorber exhibits high absorption over a wide frequency range and incident angle variation, making it suitable for applications in communications, stealth, and imaging fields.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. Abdelghaffar, Yusuf Gamal, Reda A. El-Khoribi, Wafaa Soliman, Y. Badr, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: This paper introduces a novel design of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for cancer cell detection. The full vectorial finite element method (FVFEM) is used for the numerical analysis. The suggested biosensor has a V-shaped surface coated with ZrN as a plasmonic material. The optimized geometrical parameters result in high sensor sensitivity, with optical sensitivity values ranging from 3800 to 6214.28 nm/RIU for different cancer cell types.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Seham Abdelsamee, Nihal F. F. Areed, Hamdi A. El-Mikati, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: A highly efficient compact tunable optical notch filter is proposed and analyzed using the 2D Finite Element Method (FEM). The proposed structure consists of a slanted stub plasmonic resonator, Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) waveguide, and InGaAsP as a third-order non-linear optical material. By altering the pumping state of the InGaAsP, the filtered wavelengths may be easily controlled continuously over 200 nm a range. The suggested notch filter can remove four narrow bands of wavelengths, each around 50 nm wide, and a transmission of about - 17 dB. The proposed filter's key advantages are its high transmission coefficient and fabrication simplicity with compact size. For future integrated plasmonic devices such as outdoor visible light communications and optical imaging, the proposed filter can be manufactured using an oblique angle shadow evaporation technique.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Chengyi Duan, Xiaofei Zhang, Zheren Du, Jia Chen, Ramy El-Bashar, S. S. A. Obayya, Mohamed Hameed, Jun Dai
Summary: Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have the potential to be widely used due to their low-temperature fabrication, negligible hysteresis, and compatibility with multi-junction cells. However, the performance of inverted PSCs is limited by the presence of excessive defects in low-temperature fabricated perovskite films. In this study, a simple and effective passivation strategy using Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer was employed to modify the perovskite films, which successfully reduced the interface defects. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the inverted PSCs increased from 16.07% to 19.35%, and the PCE of unencapsulated PSCs remained 97% after 1000 hours of storage in a nitrogen atmosphere.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Maria Caterina Giordano, Francesco Buatier de Mongeot, Debasree Chowdhury, Shaimaa A. Mohamed, Giacomo Manzato, Beatrice Siri, Roberto Chittofrati, Mohamed Hussein, Mohamed F. O. Hameed, Salah S. A. Obayya, Philipp Stadler, Markus C. Scharber, Giuseppe Della Valle
Summary: Thin-film organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices are being considered as a promising alternative to silicon solar cells due to their lightweight, flexibility, and low cost. However, the low optical absorption of OPV active layers is still a challenge. In this study, we demonstrate that nanostructured interfaces at the subwavelength scale, created through laser interference lithography and reactive ion etching, can significantly enhance the optical absorption in thin-film OPV devices. This large-scale light-harvesting strategy resulted in a 19% increase in optical absorption and a 14% increase in short-circuit current compared to flat devices, highlighting its potential in thin-film technologies.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
B. M. Younis, Nada Yazeed M. Dawood, Saleh Mahmoud, Bilal El-Sayed, El-Sayed Usama, Mohamed H. Almoqadem, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: This paper presents a mid-infrared optical modulator based on a phase-changing material (GST) and a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The modulation process relies on the phase transition of the GST material between amorphous and crystalline states. Numerical analysis using the finite element method (FEM) and finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is carried out to study the optical losses and performance of the proposed modulator. The modulator exhibits a high extinction ratio (ER) of 302.61 dB and a low insertion loss (IL) of less than 0.00014 dB, making it suitable for applications in photonic integrated circuits requiring high ER, low IL, and large optical bandwidth.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Afaf Salah Wahba, Ghada Yassin Abdel-Latif, Shamia El-Sherbiny, Nihal F. F. Areed, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: This article proposes and analyzes a novel design of tin perovskite solar cell with moth-eye nanostructures for improved light absorption and energy harvesting. By studying the geometrical parameters and position of the nanostructures, it is found that the suggested design shows significantly enhanced light trapping compared to conventional planar structures. This efficient replacement to lead-perovskite offers excellent photovoltaic properties, low fabrication cost, suitable band gap, eco-friendliness, and great performance in converting sunlight to electrical energy.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mahmoud Salman S. Ibrahim, Mohamed Saleh M. Esmail, Mohamed Tarek, A. A. Soliman, Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, S. S. A. Obayya
Summary: In this study, THz photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is utilized to detect the creatinine level in blood with high sensitivity. The sensing technique relies on enhancing the interaction of light with the analyte in the fiber core region. The proposed THz-PCF biosensor demonstrates promising potential in measuring creatinine level in blood.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Philosophy
Ghaleb Yassin Farhan Matalak, Mohammed Abdulkreem Salim, Mohamed Hameed, Wissam Mohammed Hassan Algaragolle, Saad Ghazi Talib, Yusra Mohammed Ali, Emad Mohamed Saleh, Nashwan Mohammed Suleiman, Sabri Kareem Sabri
Summary: The study reveals a lack of adherence to the freedom of religious thought, belief, and practice as granted by the Iraqi constitution. This could be attributed to a lack of appropriate legislation following the framing of constitutional provisions. The study employed an analytical and descriptive research design, collecting data from primary and secondary sources through document research and evaluation of historical sources. Contradictions between the constitutional provisions and the State Laws were found, along with a silence in the Iraqi civil and penal codes regarding legal remedies for violations of the constitutional provisions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION
(2023)
