Article
Optics
B. Kostet, Y. Soupart, K. Panajotov, M. Tlidi
Summary: Investigated the formation of dark vector dissipative solitons in optical resonators with nonlinear polarization mode coupling, attributing the stabilization of dark solitons to a front locking mechanism in the bistable regime. Showed that two branches of dark dissipative solitons can coexist for fixed system parameters with different polarization states and peak powers. The coexistence of two vectorial branches of dark localized states is not possible without considering polarization degrees of freedom.
Article
Optics
Pedro Parra-Rivas, Sabrina Hetzel, Yaroslav Kartashov, Pedro Fernandez de Cordoba, J. Alberto Conejero, Alejandro Aceves, Carles Milian
Summary: We theoretically investigate the dynamics, bifurcation structure, and stability of localized states in Kerr cavities driven at the pure fourth-order dispersion point. The study reveals the existence of stable narrow bright solitons in the normal group velocity dispersion regime and stable single and multi-peak localized states in the anomalous regime over a wider parameter space.
Article
Optics
Enxu Zhu, Chaoying Zhao
Summary: The study investigates modulation instability and Kerr optical frequency-comb formation in dual-coupled cavities, which can remarkably increase the conversion efficiency for Kerr optical frequency combs in the normal dispersion regime. Platicons can be generated via a pump scanning scheme in cavities with normal dispersion.
Article
Optics
Erwan Lucas, Moise Deroh, Bertrand Kibler
Summary: Highly coherent frequency combs are important for a variety of applications including optical synthesis and metrology, spectroscopy, laser ranging, and optical communications. This study investigates the generation of Kerr combs in a bi-chromatic Brillouin fiber laser, using a numerical model to analyze the interplay between Brillouin scattering, Kerr effect, and cavity resonant feedback. The results highlight the importance of pump laser detuning in setting the comb's properties and provide scaling laws for these systems. The limitations of the scheme, such as mode pulling effect and multi-mode lasing, are discussed and previous experimental results are better understood.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Mengxi Tan, Xingyuan Xu, Jiayang Wu, Roberto Morandotti, Arnan Mitchell, David J. Moss
Summary: Integrated Kerr micro-combs are a powerful source of multiple wavelength channels for photonic RF and microwave signal processing, offering advantages such as compact device footprint, high versatility, large numbers of wavelengths, and wide Nyquist bands. Research focuses on Hilbert transforms, differentiators, and integrators. The future potential of optical micro-combs for RF photonic applications is discussed in terms of functionality and ability to realize integrated solutions.
ADVANCES IN PHYSICS-X
(2021)
Article
Optics
Zihao Cheng, Dongmei H. Uang, Feng LI, Chao Lu, P. K. A. Wai
Summary: In this paper, a scheme for on-chip soliton frequency comb generation is proposed by adjusting the coupling coefficient of two coupled microcavities. Numerical simulations show that Kerr comb generation is possible in both blue and red detuned regions of the main microcavity in the coupled cavity system. The proposed scheme can contribute to the development of on-chip applications.
Article
Optics
Salim B. Ivars, Yaroslav V. Kartashov, P. Fernandez de Cordoba, J. Alberto Conejero, Lluis Torner, Carles Milian
Summary: By manipulating the pump beam in two-dimensional cylindrical microcavities, it is possible to achieve broadband and perfectly synchronized two-dimensional frequency combs. We have discovered a new type of nonlinear waves, called photonic snake states, which exist in the hyperbolic regime of cylindrical microresonators and exhibit spectral heterogeneity and intrinsic synchronization. These photonic snakes are robust against perturbations and provide a new paradigm for frequency comb generation with potential applications in communications, metrology, and spectroscopy.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Fengyu Liu, Curtis R. Menyuk, Yanne K. Chembo
Summary: This study theoretically analyzes the role of phase noise in the dynamics of Kerr optical frequency combs, and explores its potential impact on future research on frequency comb sources.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Damia Gomila, Pedro Parra-Rivas, Pere Colet, Aurelien Coillet, Guoping Lin, Thomas Daugey, Souleymane Diallo, Jean-Mare Merolla, Yanne K. Chembo
Summary: The Eckhaus instability is a secondary instability that can occur in Kerr combs, leading to pattern cracking and peak rearrangement. This phenomenon results in a metastable state with a significantly longer timescale compared to previous transient behaviors.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Anthony Rizzo, Stuart Daudlin, Asher Novick, Aneek James, Vignesh Gopal, Vaishnavi Murthy, Qixiang Cheng, Bok Young Kim, Xingchen Ji, Yoshitomo Okawachi, Matthew van Niekerk, Venkatesh Deenadayalan, Gerald Leake, Michael Fanto, Stefan Preble, Michal Lipson, Alexander Gaeta, Keren Bergman
Summary: Silicon photonics has great potential in improving optical interconnects in data centers and high performance computers, enabling higher transmission rates and lower energy consumption. This study reviews recent progress in silicon photonic interconnects, with a focus on chip-scale Kerr frequency comb sources, and provides a comprehensive overview of scalable silicon photonic systems. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of volume manufacturing for this technology.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
M. Tlidi, M. Bataille-Gonzalez, M. G. Clerc, L. Bahloul, S. Coulibaly, B. Kostet, C. Castillo-Pinto, K. Panajotov
Summary: In this paper, we theoretically investigate the combined impact of the Kerr and stimulated Raman scattering effect on localized structures and frequency comb generation. We focus on the traveling wave instability regime and derive a Swift-Hohenberg equation with nonlocal delayed feedback to describe the system. By estimating thresholds and speeds, we characterize the motion of traveling wave periodic solutions. Numerical simulations confirm the existence of isolas of localized structures, and we demonstrate that stimulated Raman scattering strongly affects the dynamics of these structures and induces their motion. We also provide a geometric interpretation of the formation of isola stacks based on dynamical systems theory.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Mulong Liu, Huimin Huang, Zhizhou Lu, Yuanyuan Wang, Yanan Cai, Wei Zhao
Summary: The study focuses on the generation of dark breathers and Raman-Kerr microcombs in silicon microresonators, influenced by stimulated Raman scattering and high-order dispersion effects. The results show that Raman gain exhibits a threshold behavior, while breathing dark pulses are mainly dependent on the amplitude and sign of the third-order dispersion coefficient. Additionally, the demonstration of octave-spanning mid-infrared frequency combs via Cherenkov radiation suggests a viable way to investigate physics within dark pulses and broadband MIR microcombs.
Article
Optics
Thomas G. Seidel, Julien Javaloyes, Svetlana Gurevich
Summary: This paper elucidates the mechanisms behind the formation of temporal localized states and frequency combs in vertical external-cavity Kerr-Gires-Tournois interferometers. By reducing the model and comparing the observations, it is concluded that high-order effects play a significant role in generating localized states.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Elena A. Anashkina, Vjaceslavs Bobrovs, Toms Salgals, Inga Brice, Janis Alnis, Alexey Andrianov
Summary: Experimental demonstration of Kerr optical frequency combs (OFCs) with mode spacings of different multiples of free spectral range (FSR) in silica microspheres pumped by CW C-band lasers. The experimental realization is based on standard telecom equipment and components, with numerical simulation supporting the results and explaining spectral asymmetry in OFCs due to 3rd-order dispersion influence.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yan Bai, Menghua Zhang, Qi Shi, Shulin Ding, Yingchun Qin, Zhenda Xie, Xiaoshun Jiang, Min Xiao
Summary: By generating a Brillouin laser in an optical microresonator and exciting the Kerr frequency comb in the same cavity, a soliton Kerr microcomb was achieved with narrow-linewidth comb lines and stable repetition rate. The system also demonstrated a low-noise microwave signal with excellent phase noise characteristics, showing promising practical applications.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Vincent Ng, Farhan Azeem, Luke S. Trainor, Harald G. L. Schwefel, Stephane Coen, Miro Erkintalo, Stuart G. Murdoch
Summary: Parametric oscillation in Kerr microresonators offers a promising method to generate new optical frequencies in a compact and low-power device. However, the generation of large frequency shift sidebands usually requires precise phasematching, which is limited by the resonator's dispersion profile. In this paper, we propose a multimode four-wave-mixing process that relaxes the phasematching requirements, allowing the formation of large frequency shift sidebands even in resonators with strong second-order dispersion. Experimental results using a magnesium-fluoride micro-disk resonator demonstrate the generation of four distinct multimode parametric processes with frequency shifts ranging from 118 to 216 THz, achieving a separation of almost three octaves between the two sidebands.
Article
Optics
Mario Zitelli, Vincent Couderc, Mario Ferraro, Fabio Mangini, Pedro Parra-Rivas, Yifan Sun, Stefan Wabnitz
Summary: We developed a spatiotemporal mode decomposition technique to analyze the power distribution of ultrashort pulses in graded-index multimode fibers. Our findings reveal that the power content of beam modes in the dispersive pulse propagation regime follows the Bose-Einstein law, which is a result of power diffusion from mode coupling. In the soliton regime, the output mode power distribution approaches the Rayleigh-Jeans law.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Optics
Liam Quinn, Gang Xu, Yiqing Xu, Zongda Li, Julien Fatome, Stuart G. Murdoch, Stephane Coen, Miro Erkintalo
Summary: We demonstrate an all-optical random number generator based on spontaneous symmetry breaking in a coherently driven Kerr resonator. Random bit sequences are generated by repeatedly tuning a control parameter across a symmetry-breaking bifurcation that enacts random selection between two possible steady-states of the system. The generated bits have a rate of 3 MHz without post-processing and their randomness is verified using statistical test suites.
Article
Optics
Fabio Mangini, Mario Ferraro, Yifan Sun, Mikhail Gervaziev, Pedro Parra-Rivas, Denis S. Kharenko, Vincent Couderc, Stefan Wabnitz
Summary: Spatial beam self-cleaning in graded-index multimode fibers, arising from the Kerr effect, involves nonlinear power transfer among modes to produce robust bell-shaped output beams. Although spatial coherence of the output beam has been experimentally demonstrated, direct study of modal phase evolutions has been lacking. Using a holographic mode decomposition method, our findings reveal nonlinear spatial phase-locking between the fundamental mode and neighboring low-order modes, confirming theoretical predictions and challenging the current belief of wave thermalization as the sole cause of the spatial beam self-cleaning effect.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tobias Hansson, Pedro Parra-Rivas, Stefan Wabnitz
Summary: Researchers developed a model to study the application of frequency combs in the infrared and visible spectral regions, and identified conditions for the existence of two distinct and coexisting cavity solitons.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Pedro Parra-Rivas, Yifan Sun, Stefan Wabnitz
Summary: In this study, we investigated the dynamics and stability of fundamental spatiotemporal solitons in multimode waveguides. Through a comparison of variational methods and numerical simulations, we found that solitons are stable at low energies but undergo wave collapse as the energy increases.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Matthew Macnaughtan, Miro Erkintalo, Stephane Coen, Stuart Murdoch, Yiqing Xu
Summary: In this study, Kerr cavities driven in the normal dispersion regime were investigated, and switching waves were found. The fine structure of individual switching waves, including resonant oscillations, was directly observed with nanosecond pulses. The intimate connection between the temporal and spectral features of the dispersive waves associated with switching waves was demonstrated, and the evolution of these dispersive waves with cavity parameters was investigated. Additionally, the generation and observation of stable and persistent dark pulses under quasi-CW pumping conditions were achieved, validating the accuracy of the dispersive wave formalism used.
Article
Optics
Yifan Sun, Stefan Wabnitz, Pedro Parra-Rivas
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics of Kerr cavity solitons with intracavity phase modulation in the normal dispersion regime. The introduction of a parabolic potential leads to multimode resonances, which facilitate the formation of high-order bright solitons. Gradually decreasing the potential strength causes the bright solitons to transition into dark solitons. This process is described as a shift from multimode resonance to collapsed snaking bifurcation structure. This work provides a comprehensive overview of cavity dynamics and offers a potential pathway to access multi-stable states by varying the phase modulation effectively.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yifan Sun, Pedro Parra-Rivas, Carles Milian, Yaroslav Kartashov, Mario Ferraro, Fabio Mangini, Raphael Jauberteau, Francesco R. Talenti, Stefan Wabnitz
Summary: This study presents a general approach to exciting stable dissipative three-dimensional and high-order solitons and breathers in passively driven nonlinear cavities. A paradigmatic example is used to illustrate the findings, showing that three-dimensional solitons or light bullets are the only stable states that exist under specific parameters. This rare property in passive nonlinear systems allows for deterministic formation of target solitons or breathers.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mario Ferraro, Fabio Mangini, Mario Zitelli, Raphael Jauberteau, Yifan Sun, Pedro Parra-Rivas, Katarzyna Krupa, Alessandro Tonello, Vincent Couderc, Stefan Wabnitz
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of polarization state in beam self-cleaning in multimode fibers, revealing its complexity. The research findings verify the validity of theoretical approaches for describing nonlinear propagation in multimode fibers and provide important insights for the application of beam self-cleaning effect.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Edem Kossi Akakpo, Marc Haelterman, Francois Leo, Pedro Parra-Rivas
Summary: In this paper, we theoretically investigate the dynamics, bifurcation structure, and stability of dark localized states in Kerr cavities with positive second- and fourth-order dispersion. We found that dark states form through the locking of uniform wave fronts, or domain walls, and undergo a bifurcation structure known as collapsed homoclinic snaking. We also showed that increasing the dispersion of fourth order can stabilize bright localized states.
Article
Cell Biology
Stefan Naulaerts, Angeliki Datsi, Daniel M. Borras, Asier Antoranz Martinez, Julie Messiaen, Isaure Vanmeerbeek, Jenny Sprooten, Raquel S. Laureano, Jannes Govaerts, Dena Panovska, Marleen Derweduwe, Michael C. Sabel, Marion Rapp, Weiming Ni, Sean Mackay, Yannick Van Herck, Lendert Gelens, Tom Venken, Sanket More, Oliver Bechter, Gabriele Bergers, Adrian Liston, Steven De Vleeschouwer, Benoit J. Van Den Eynde, Diether Lambrechts, Michiel Verfaillie, Francesca Bosisio, Sabine Tejpar, Jannie Borst, Rudiger V. Sorg, Frederik De Smet, Abhishek D. Garg
Summary: Through multiomics analysis of CD8+ T cell features in multiple patient cohorts and tumor types, we have identified different hypofunctional states of tumor-associated CD8+ T cells, including exhausted CD8+ T cells in supportive tumor niches and hypofunctional CD8+ T cells in nonsupportive niches. These two types of hypofunctional states exhibit distinct characteristics, such as different T cell receptor repertoires and immunopeptidomes. Furthermore, dysfunctional CD4+:CD8+ T cell interactions and a wound healing-like chemokine profile were observed in glioblastoma. Immuno-oncology clinical trials showed that anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy exacerbated the tolerogenic disparities in glioblastoma, while dendritic cell (DC) vaccines partially corrected them. Recipients of DC vaccines for glioblastoma demonstrated evidence of antigen-specific immunity.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jan Rombouts, Sarah Verplaetse, Lendert Gelens
Summary: This study compares the effects of feedback on the periodic rise and fall of protein concentrations or activities through mathematical models. It finds that different mechanisms impose different constraints on the production and degradation rates of proteins, leading to biochemical oscillations.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2023)
Article
Optics
Caleb Todd, Zongda Li, Stuart G. Murdoch, Gian-Luca Oppo, Miro Erkintalo
Summary: Temporal Kerr cavity solitons are light pulses that can exist in coherently driven, dispersive resonators with Kerr-type nonlinearity. Previous studies have assumed that the inhomogeneity of the driving field varies slowly across the soliton, leading to linear soliton drift rate. However, in some cases, such as using bichromatic driving or in the presence of third-order dispersion, the assumption of slowly varying inhomogeneity may not hold true.
Article
Optics
Pierce C. Qureshi, Farhan Azeem, Luke S. Trainor, Harald G. Schwefel, Stephane Coen, Miro Erkintalo, Stuart G. Murdoch
Summary: Optical microresonators are used to generate optical frequency combs, and the parameters of the radio-frequency comb spectrum can be finely-tuned by interfering two optical pumps with different azimuthal mode numbers. Experimental results show that a discrete tunability of about 1MHz in the line-spacing of the radio-frequency comb can be achieved.
