Article
Ophthalmology
Louis R. Pasquale, Anthony P. Khawaja, Janey L. Wiggs, Jihye Kim, Pirro Hysi, Tobias Elze, Jessica Lasky-Su, Jae H. Kang, Oana Zeleznik
Summary: This study assessed the association between metabolites and intraocular pressure (IOP) and inner retina structure. It found that branched-chain amino acids were associated with lower IOP, HDL metabolites were associated with thinner macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), and LDL metabolites were associated with thicker macular ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL).
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Paddy C. Dempsey, Crispin Musicha, Alex V. Rowlands, Melanie Davies, Kamlesh Khunti, Cameron Razieh, Iain Timmins, Francesco Zaccardi, Veryan Codd, Christopher P. Nelson, Tom Yates, Nilesh J. Samani
Summary: The study suggests that walking pace is associated with leucocyte telomere length (LTL), with faster walking pace being causally linked to longer LTL. This finding may help explain the beneficial effects of brisk walking on health status. The study also highlights the potential of self-reported walking pace as a pragmatic target for interventions.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zhengtao Lv, Jiarui Cui, Jiaming Zhang
Summary: This study found a negative association between serum urate levels and telomere length, but no association with serum soluble inflammation markers. This suggests that telomere length may be a critical marker for urate-related organismal aging.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yan Huang, Yajuan Deng, Peizhen Zhang, Jiayang Lin, Dan Guo, Linjie Yang, Deying Liu, Bingyan Xu, Chensihan Huang, Huijie Zhang
Summary: Regular fish oil supplementation is associated with a lower risk of incident all-cause dementia, as well as vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and other dementia in older adults. However, no significant association is found between fish oil supplementation and Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kian M. Madjedi, Kelsey V. Stuart, Sharon Y. L. Chua, Pradeep Y. Ramulu, Alasdair Warwick, Robert N. Luben, Zihan Sun, Mark A. Chia, Hugues Aschard, Janey L. Wiggs, Jae H. Kang, Louis R. Pasquale, Paul J. Foster, Anthony P. Khawaja
Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physical activity and glaucoma. The study found that higher levels of overall physical activity and more time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity were associated with thicker macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL). However, there was no association between physical activity and glaucoma status or intraocular pressure (IOP).
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robyn J. Tapp, Christopher G. Owen, Sarah A. Barman, David P. Strachan, Roshan A. Welikala, Paul J. Foster, Peter H. Whincup, Alicja R. Rudnicka
Summary: The study found clear associations between retinal microvascular architecture and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with diabetes, indicating potential preclinical disease processes and suggesting impaired autoregulation due to hyperglycemia may play a pivotal role in the development of diabetes-related microvascular complications.
Article
Neurosciences
Helen Macpherson, Sarah A. McNaughton, Karen E. Lamb, Catherine M. Milte
Summary: This study found that higher diet quality is associated with larger grey matter, total volume, and white matter volume in midlife, with a more prominent association in men. These results suggest that diet quality may impact brain structure potentially decades before the onset of dementia.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guang Hao, Lei Zuo, Xueqiong Weng, Qiaoyuan Fei, Zugui Zhang, Li Chen, Zengwu Wang, Chunxia Jing
Summary: This study, using a large longitudinal cohort study and meta-analysis, found an association between road traffic noise exposure and increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Especially in men, high levels of road traffic noise exposure were significantly associated with increased risk of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin B. Sun, Joshua Chiou, Matthew Traylor, Christian Benner, Yi-Hsiang Hsu, Tom G. Richardson, Praveen Surendran, Anubha Mahajan, Chloe Robins, Steven G. Vasquez-Grinnell, Liping Hou, Erika M. Kvikstad, Oliver S. Burren, Jonathan Davitte, Kyle L. Ferber, Christopher E. Gillies, Asa K. Hedman, Sile Hu, Tinchi Lin, Rajesh Mikkilineni, Rion K. Pendergrass, Corran Pickering, Bram Prins, Denis Baird, Chia-Yen Chen, Lucas D. Ward, Aimee M. Deaton, Samantha Welsh, Carissa M. Willis, Nick Lehner, Matthias Arnold, Maria A. Woerheide, Karsten Suhre, Gabi Kastenmueller, Anurag Sethi, Madeleine Cule, Anil Raj, Lucy Alnylam Human Genetics, Eugene AstraZeneca Genomics Initiative, Mary Helen Biogen Biobank Team, Eric B. Bristol Myers Squibb, Joanna M. M. Genentech Human Genetics, Hyun Min GlaxoSmithKline Genomic Sci, Mark I. Pfizer Integrative Biology, Paul Population Analytics Janssen Data Sci, Slave Regeneron Genetics Ctr, Lucy Burkitt-Gray, Eugene Melamud, Mary Helen Black, Eric B. Fauman, Joanna M. M. Howson, Hyun Min Kang, Mark I. Mccarthy, Paul Nioi, Slave Petrovski, Robert A. Scott, Erin N. Smith, Sandor Szalma, Dawn M. Waterworth, Lyndon J. Mitnaul, Joseph D. Szustakowski, Bradford W. Gibson, Melissa R. Miller, Christopher D. Whelan
Summary: The Pharma Proteomics Project is a precompetitive biopharmaceutical consortium that characterizes the plasma proteomic profiles of over 54,000 UK Biobank participants. The study provides detailed insights into proteomic disease signatures, genetic associations, and biological mechanisms, offering a valuable resource for drug discovery and biomarker development.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan S. Dhindsa, Oliver S. Burren, Benjamin B. Sun, Bram P. Prins, Dorota Matelska, Eleanor Wheeler, Jonathan Mitchell, Erin Oerton, Ventzislava A. Hristova, Katherine R. Smith, Keren Carss, Sebastian Wasilewski, Andrew R. Harper, Dirk S. Paul, Margarete A. Fabre, Heiko Runz, Coralie Viollet, Benjamin Challis, Adam Platt, Dimitrios AstraZeneca Genomics Initiative, Dimitrios Vitsios, Euan A. Ashley, Christopher D. Whelan, Menelas N. Pangalos, Quanli Wang, Slave Petrovski
Summary: Integrating human genomics and proteomics can help elucidate disease mechanisms, identify clinical biomarkers and discover drug targets. In this study, rare protein-coding variants were found to be associated with plasma protein abundances, revealing new insights and demonstrating the value of this publicly accessible resource.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan S. Dhindsa, Oliver S. Burren, Benjamin B. Sun, Bram P. Prins, Dorota Matelska, Eleanor Wheeler, Jonathan Mitchell, Erin Oerton, Ventzislava A. Hristova, Katherine R. Smith, Keren Carss, Sebastian Wasilewski, Andrew R. Harper, Dirk S. Paul, Margarete A. Fabre, Heiko Runz, Coralie Viollet, Benjamin Challis, Adam Platt, Dimitrios AstraZeneca Genom Initiat, Dimitrios Vitsios, Euan A. Ashley, Christopher D. Whelan, Menelas N. Pangalos, Quanli Wang, Slave Petrovski
Summary: Integrating human genomics and proteomics can greatly aid in understanding disease mechanisms, identifying clinical biomarkers, and discovering potential drug targets. This study identified associations between rare protein-coding variants and plasma protein abundance, highlighting the importance of rare variation in plasma proteomics and the potential application of proteogenomics in therapeutic discovery.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Solange Parra-Soto, Emma S. Cowley, Leandro F. M. Rezende, Catterina Ferreccio, John C. Mathers, Jill P. Pell, Frederick K. Ho, Carlos Celis-Morales
Summary: This study investigated the associations of six adiposity markers with incidence and mortality from 24 cancers, finding that regardless of the marker used, adiposity was associated with an increased risk in 10 cancer sites. The linear associations were observed for most cancer types, indicating a consistent relationship between adiposity and cancer risk.
Article
Ophthalmology
Jihye Kim, Hugues Aschard, Jae H. Kang, Marleen A. H. Lentjes, Ron Do, Janey L. Wiggs, Anthony P. Khawaja, Louis R. Pasquale
Summary: The habitual intake of caffeine was weakly associated with lower intraocular pressure, but its relationship with glaucoma was not significant. However, among participants with a higher genetic predisposition to elevated eye pressure, greater caffeine consumption was associated with higher eye pressure and a higher prevalence of glaucoma.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guang Hao, Lei Zuo, Peng Xiong, Li Chen, Xiaohua Liang, Chunxia Jing
Summary: The study revealed a positive association between PM2.5 and mental disorders. Additionally, road traffic noise was positively associated with NATD symptoms and bipolar disorder, while negatively associated with major depression. Moreover, these associations may be modified by age, gender, or sleeplessness.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mengmeng Ji, Lingbin Du, Zhimin Ma, Junxing Xie, Yanqian Huang, Xiaoxia Wei, Xiangxiang Jiang, Jing Xu, Rong Yin, Yuzhuo Wang, Juncheng Dai, Guangfu Jin, Lin Xu, Chen Zhu, Zhibin Hu, Hongxia Ma, Meng Zhu, Hongbing Shen
Summary: Elevated CRP levels are associated with a 22% increased risk of lung cancer, with positive associations observed in small cell lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, and lung squamous cell carcinoma. However, no genetical association between circulating CRP levels and lung cancer risk was found. Adding CRP to the risk model of lung cancer can improve the model's performance in current smokers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Alasdair N. Warwick, Katie Curran, Barbra Hamill, Kelsey Stuart, Anthony P. Khawaja, Paul J. Foster, Andrew J. Lotery, Michael Quinn, Savita Madhusudhan, Konstantinos Balaskas, Tunde Peto
Summary: This study describes the grading methods and baseline characteristics for UK Biobank participants who underwent retinal imaging, and characterizes individuals with retinal features suggestive of age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and retinopathy. The results provide important insights into both ocular and systemic health.
Article
Ophthalmology
Gus Gazzard, Evgenia Konstantakopoulou, David Garway-Heath, Mariam Adeleke, Victoria Vickerstaff, Gareth Ambler, Rachael Hunter, Catey Bunce, Neil Nathwani, Keith Barton, The LiGHT Trial Study Grp
Summary: After 6 years of treatment, selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) has been shown to be a more effective and cost-effective primary treatment for open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) compared to intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering eye drops. The SLT group had better glaucoma symptom scores and 69.8% of eyes in this group achieved or maintained the target IOP without the need for medical or surgical treatment.
Article
Ophthalmology
Anthony J. King, Jemma Hudson, Augusto Azuara-Blanco, James F. Kirwan, Saurabh Goyal, Kin Sheng Lim, Graeme Maclennan
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of socioeconomic status on treatment outcomes in patients with advanced glaucoma and reports the correlation between socioeconomic status and baseline characteristics. The study found that socioeconomic status is correlated with visual function, quality of life, ethnicity, age, and number of optician visits.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ameenat Lola Solebo, Lucinda Jade Teoh, Jenefer Sargent, Jugnoo Sangeeta Rahi
Summary: This study investigated the provision of health, education, and social care for children newly diagnosed with visual disability. The results showed that most children had associated systemic disorders, but only a few received care from multidisciplinary teams. Children with visual impairment had less access to specialist teachers and educational support.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Juliane Matlach, Padraig Mulholland, Marketa Cilkova, Reena Chopra, Nilpa Shah, Tony Redmond, Steven C. Dakin, David F. Garway-Heath, Roger S. Anderson
Summary: This study investigated the age-related changes of outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and cone density in healthy participants using a modified narrow scan-angle Heidelberg Retina Angiograph (HRA2). The results showed that both cone density and ONL thickness decreased with age. However, there was no strong correlation between cone density and ONL thickness, suggesting that factors other than cone density contribute to ONL thickness measurements.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Ophthalmology
Alasdair Warwick, Katie Curran, Barbra Hamill, Kelsey Stuart, Anthony P. Khawaja, Paul J. Foster, Andrew J. Lotery, Michael Quinn, Savita Madhusudhan, Konstantinos Balaskas, Tunde Peto
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisanne Andra Horvat-Gitsels, Mario Cortina-Borja, Jugnoo Sangeeta Rahi
Summary: A study on children born in the United Kingdom in 2000-01 found no significant differences in academic performance and educational trajectories between children treated for amblyopia and their peers without eye conditions, providing reassurance to families, teachers, and physicians.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Oana A. Zeleznik, Jae H. Kang, Jessica Lasky-Su, A. Heather Eliassen, Lisa Frueh, Clary B. Clish, Bernard A. Rosner, Tobias Elze, Pirro Hysi, Anthony Khawaja, Janey L. Wiggs, Louis R. Pasquale
Summary: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, but its etiology is poorly understood. This study aimed to identify plasma metabolites associated with the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using case-control studies and cross-sectional studies. The results showed that higher levels of diglycerides and triglycerides were adversely associated with glaucoma, indicating their important role in glaucoma pathogenesis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paul J. Foster, Denize Atan, Anthony Khawaja, Andrew Lotery, Tom MacGillivray, Christopher G. Owen, Praveen J. Patel, Axel Petzold, Alicja Rudnicka, Zihan Sun, Simon Sheard, Naomi Allen
Summary: This article describes the rationale and methodology of eye and vision assessments in the UK Biobank Repeat Imaging study, which aims to provide biomarkers for neuronal and vascular health in cognitive ageing, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. The study will collect retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) and colour fundus photographs from a subset of participants to better understand the association between retinal structures, cognitive function, and brain MRI-derived phenotypes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hannah Currant, Tomas W. Fitzgerald, Praveen J. Patel, Anthony P. Khawaja, Andrew R. Webster, Omar A. Mahroo, Ewan Birney
Summary: We conducted the largest genome-wide association study of photoreceptor cell (PRC) morphology to date using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We identified 111 loci associated with PRC thickness, many of which had prior associations to ocular phenotypes and pathologies. We also discovered 10 genes associated with PRC thickness through gene burden testing using exome data. These findings provide evidence for a relationship between common and rare genetic variation in retinal biology.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Augusto Azuara-Blanco, John G. Lawrenson, Anthony J. King, Paul J. Foster, Gianni Virgili, Mary Guiney, Winnie Nolan, Anish Jindal, Meenakshi Sharma, Ciaran O'Neill, Christopher R. Cardwell, Mike Clarke
Summary: Angle-closure is a major cause of glaucoma blindness worldwide. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance and cost-effectiveness of two non-contact tests (AS-OCT and gonioscopy) for patients with suspected angle closure.
Article
Ophthalmology
Sayuri Sekimitsu, David Xiang, Sophie Lloyd Smith, Katie Curran, Tobias Elze, David S. Friedman, Paul J. Foster, Yuyang Luo, Louis R. Pasquale, Tunde Peto, Ayellet V. Segre, Yusrah Shweikh, Alasdair Warwick, Yan Zhao, Janey L. Wiggs, Nazlee Zebardast
Summary: The study evaluated the phenotypic features of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) based on genetic burden. The results suggest that a polygenic risk score (PRS) can identify individuals at higher risk for POAG. Higher genetic risk was associated with more advanced disease.
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
