Review
Environmental Sciences
Canhui Jin, Tianbao Wang, Yanhui Yang, Pin Zhou, Juncheng Li, Wenhao Wu, Xin Lv, Guoqing Ma, Aihong Wang
Summary: The abnormal progression of tumors has been a problem for cancer treatment, and therapy should target the main mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis. Genomic mutations can lead to changes in biological mechanisms in human cancers. Colorectal cancer, a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor, poses challenges due to tumor cell resistance and aggressive behavior. New therapeutic methods for colorectal cancer are being explored, with a focus on the role of autophagy. Autophagy plays a dual role in the progression of colorectal cancer, with pro-survival autophagy promoting cell proliferation and survival, while pro-death autophagy inhibits tumor growth and invasion. The modulation of autophagy status is crucial for therapy response, and targeting autophagy can enhance the sensitivity of colorectal tumor cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nanoparticles show promise in targeting autophagy for cancer therapy, and autophagy modulators embedded in nanostructures may improve tumor suppression and facilitate cancer immunotherapy.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Asha Tonkin-Reeves, Charlett M. Giuliani, John T. Price
Summary: The process of macroautophagy is essential for degrading unnecessary and damaged proteins and organelles, which are then reused by the cells. Autophagy is crucial for normal cells to survive various stressors, but it is often upregulated in cancer cells, promoting their aggressive behavior and resistance to treatment. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the role of autophagy in therapeutic resistance and the limitations of current autophagic inhibitors in cancer treatment. It emphasizes the urgent need to explore new inhibitors that can work synergistically with existing therapies to improve patient outcomes. Advancing research in this field is critical for developing more effective treatments and enhancing the lives of cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoping Pan, Xiaolv Hong, Sumei Li, Ping Meng, Feng Xiao
Summary: This study identified the METTL3/miR-221-3p/HIPK2/Che-1 axis as a potential mechanism for breast cancer cell resistance to adriamycin. Knockdown of METTL3 resulted in reduced expression of miR-221-3p, leading to decreased drug resistance and increased apoptosis in ADR-resistant MCF-7 cells.These findings suggest that targeting the METTL3/miR-221-3p/HIPK2/Che-1 axis may improve chemotherapy efficacy in breast cancer.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Chenming Zhong, Zijun Xie, Shiwei Duan
Summary: This article summarizes important predictive ncRNA biomarkers reported in cancer patients treated with different immunotherapeutic modalities including monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and CAR-T cells. In addition, a concise discussion on forthcoming perspectives is provided, outlining technical approaches for the optimal utilization of immune-modulatory ncRNA biomarkers as predictive tools and therapeutic targets.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyein Jo, Kyeonghee Shim, Dooil Jeoung
Summary: RNA methylations play critical roles in various RNA processes and regulators of RNA methylations show differential expression between tumor tissues/cancer cells and normal tissues/adjacent cells. Targeting m6A regulators can be a strategy for developing anticancer drugs and these drugs are currently being tested in clinical trials. m6A regulators also have the potential to enhance the effects of current chemotherapy drugs. This review summarizes the roles of m6A regulators in cancer initiation and progression, autophagy, and anticancer drug resistance, as well as their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mahshid Shahverdi, Khalil Hajiasgharzadeh, Amin Daei Sorkhabi, Mahdi Jafarlou, Maryam Shojaee, Neda Jalili Tabrizi, Nazila Alizadeh, Mariacarmela Santarpia, Oronzo Brunetti, Hossein Safarpour, Nicola Silvestris, Behzad Baradaran
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in various diseases, and miRNAs can regulate cellular autophagy activity. Dysfunction of miRNAs is associated with the onset and drug resistance of lung cancer. Studying the interplay between miRNAs, autophagy, and drug resistance in lung cancer can lead to the development of new treatment interventions.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chul Won Yun, Juhee Jeon, Gyeongyun Go, Jun Hee Lee, Sang Hun Lee
Summary: Autophagy is a cellular degradation process that plays a role in regulating tumorigenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cells, and resistance to anticancer agents. While modulating autophagy may be a promising approach in anticancer therapy, its dual roles present limitations in its application.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Aysooda Hosseinzadeh, Faezeh Poursoleiman, Akram Naghdipour Biregani, Ahmad Esmailzadeh
Summary: Despite the complexity of cancer, natural flavonoids have shown potential as therapeutic agents by inhibiting metastasis and inducing cell death in cancer cells. This review discusses the dynamic relationship between metastasis, autophagy, anoikis, and the effects of flavonoids, suggesting that they can be effective in targeting both sensitive and resistant cancer cells.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eric Chekwube Aniogo, Blassan P. George, Heidi Abrahamse
Summary: Photodynamic therapy is a promising experimental research subject for treating resistant cancers, but faces challenges such as tumor relapse and drug resistance. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind PDT resistance is crucial for developing effective cancer treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qingqing Pan, Xi Fan, Li Xie, Di Wu, Rong Liu, Wenxia Gao, Kui Luo, Bin He, Yuji Pu
Summary: This review provides a cutting-edge summary of nanomedicine-based treatment in colorectal cancer, including drug delivery systems, therapeutic strategies, and efforts to address therapy resistance, metastasis, and recurrence. The potential of gut microbiota regulation in preventing and treating colorectal cancer is also discussed.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shreya Das, Nidhi Shukla, Shashi Shekhar Singh, Sapana Kushwaha, Richa Shrivastava
Summary: Autophagy and apoptosis play significant roles in cancer, but they may exhibit dual effects on cancer cell survival as the disease progresses. Interactions between a complex array of biomarkers are crucial in maintaining coordination between the two pathways, influencing the survival or death of malignant cells.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
N. Bhagya, K. R. Chandrashekar
Summary: Autophagy serves as a double-edged sword in cancer, exerting both tumor promoting and inhibiting effects. While normal autophagy degrades damaged cell organelles and debris, enhancing autophagy can induce apoptosis and programmed cell death, making it significant in cancer therapy. Liposome-based drug delivery systems offer advantages in manipulating autophagy pathway and are discussed in the review, including drug uptake and its role in autophagy-mediated cancer cell death. Challenges and translational difficulties of liposome-based chemotherapeutic drugs in clinical trials and biomedical applications are also addressed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yi Qin, Milad Ashrafizadeh, Vera Mongiardini, Benedetto Grimaldi, Francesco Crea, Katja Rietdorf, Balazs Gyorffy, Daniel J. Klionsky, Jun Ren, Wei Zhang, Xianbin Zhang
Summary: The emergence of drug resistance is a major challenge for oncologists. Autophagy plays a complex physio-pathological role in cancer drug resistance, either promoting cell survival or contributing to cell death. Understanding the regulation and modulation of autophagy can lead to potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
George M. Ramzy, Laura Boschung, Thibaud Koessler, Celine Delucinge-Vivier, Mylene Docquier, Thomas A. McKee, Laura Rubbia-Brandt, Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
Summary: In this study, we created colorectal cancer models in vitro to study how induced drug resistance can affect cell response and sensitivity to treatment. By exposing the cells to first-line treatments, we obtained resistance to chemotherapy and identified key genes involved. We also found that optimized drug combinations can overcome chemotherapy-induced resistance.
Review
Oncology
Azar Gharoonpour, Dorsa Simiyari, Ali Yousefzadeh, Fatemeh Badragheh, Marveh Rahmati
Summary: Autophagy is important in maintaining cellular function and has a dual role in tumor cells. The use of nanoparticles is a promising technique to modulate autophagy pathways in cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)