Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 65, Issue -, Pages 173-184Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.04.003
Keywords
Nicotine; Adolescence; Stress; Learning and memory; Affect; Addiction
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Drug Abuse [DA017949]
- Civic Foundation
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In order to continue the decline of smoking prevalence, it is imperative to identify factors that contribute to the development of nicotine and tobacco addiction, such as adolescent initiation of nicotine use, adolescent stress, and their interaction. This review highlights the biological differences between adolescent and adults in nicotine use and resulting effects, and examines the enduring consequences of adolescent nicotine administration. A review of both clinical and preclinical literature indicates that adolescent, but not adult, nicotine administration leads to increased susceptibility for development of long-lasting impairments in learning and affect. Finally, the role stress plays in normal adolescent development, the deleterious effects stress has on learning and memory, and the negative consequences resulting from the interaction of stress and nicotine during adolescence is reviewed. The review concludes with ways in which future policies could benefit by addressing adolescent stress as a means of reducing adolescent nicotine abuse. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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