Article
Biology
Olivier Codol, Mehrdad Kashefi, Christopher J. Forgaard, Joseph M. Galea, J. Andrew Pruszynski, Paul L. Gribble
Summary: Although it is known that motivation can improve motor performance, the mechanisms behind this improvement are unclear. This study systematically tested the effects of reward on different feedback loops in humans and found that only the fastest loops were insensitive to reward. The earliest reward-driven changes were an increase in feedback gains rather than a reduction in response latency. These findings have potential implications for athletic coaching, suggesting that reward-sensitive feedback responses should be specifically targeted for improvement.
Article
Mathematics
Sergey Grigorian
Summary: This paper studies the properties of smooth loops and their associated tangent algebras, including a loop analog of the Maurer-Cartan equation, expanding on Lie groups. It introduces a loop bundle as an associated bundle to a particular principal bundle, defines the torsion of a loop bundle structure based on a connection on the principal bundle, and explores aspects of non-associative gauge theory. The paper illustrates how some properties of G(2)-structures can be understood from this more general setting.
ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew Hamilton, Jonathan Salerno, Alexandra Paige Fischer
Summary: The study evaluates the significance and function of feedback loops embedded within cognitive maps among stakeholders in a fire-prone region in the U.S. West. The findings indicate that cognition of feedback loops is limited among individuals but becomes prominent within groups, highlighting the importance of collaborative decision-making and identifying areas of cognitive biases.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Jessica C. Lee, Mike E. Le Pelley, Peter F. Lovibond
Summary: The practice of testing without feedback in associative learning experiments is an appropriate way of assessing learning, but it may lead to regression towards intermediate ratings under certain conditions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL LEARNING AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zhaoyang Pang, Callum Biggs O'May, Bhavin Choksi, Rufin VanRullen
Summary: The study shows that incorporating brain-inspired feedback dynamics into convolutional neural networks can improve the perception of illusory contours. This is achieved through pretraining the model on natural image datasets and feedback error correction.
Article
Neurosciences
David McAlpine, Livia de Hoz
Summary: Analyzing complex auditory scenes relies on learning the statistical structure of sounds in those scenes. The listening brain achieves this by analyzing the statistical structure of acoustic environments and distinguishing between background and foreground sounds. The interplay between feedforward and feedback pathways, known as listening loops, plays a critical role in the auditory brain's ability to adapt to different time scales and tailor neural responses to sound environments. Understanding the role of listening loops at different scales of investigation and their impact on background detection can reveal the fundamental processes that transform hearing into the essential task of listening.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Simona Ginsburg, Eva Jablonka
Summary: The passage discusses the definition of cognitive systems and evolutionary transitions, including the transition from learning in non-neural animals to learning in neural animals, as well as the transition from limited associative learning to unlimited associative learning in animals. The focus of the study is on the evolutionary transitions in learning capacities, providing a unified framework for studying cognition.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gaelle Botton-Amiot, Pedro Martinez, Simon G. Sprecher
Summary: Sea anemones without centralized nervous systems can still form associative memories, as shown by their conditioned response to light and electric shock. These findings shed light on cnidarian behavior and raise fundamental questions about the origin and evolution of cognition in brainless animals.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
David Sanchez-Marin, Samuel Trujano-Camacho, Carlos Perez-Plasencia, David Cantu De Leon, Alma D. Campos-Parra
Summary: This review summarizes the feedback loops regulated by lncRNAs to promote drug resistance and proposes strategies to identify and understand these feedback loops. This knowledge is crucial for optimizing the therapeutic use of oncological drugs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aelon Rahmani, Yee Lian Chew
Summary: This review highlights the advances in studying learning through the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which has a compact nervous system and genetic tractability. By targeting distinct sensory modalities, learning and memory can be studied, along with understanding key molecular and cellular pathways.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Jill Willis, Andrew Gibson, Nick Kelly, Nerida Spina, Jennifer M. Azordegan, Leanne Crosswell
Summary: This paper examines the experiences of designing faster feedback through weekly dialogic feedback loops to enhance students' personal connection to their learning and provide teachers with faster, actionable feedback data. Findings identify four types of digitally mediated feedback loops and articulate three design dilemmas experienced by teachers as they enact digitally mediated dialogic feedback loops. Implies that digitally mediated feedback loops can facilitate faster feedback, challenge existing ideas about feedback, and potentially increase human workload in the short term.
AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yi Li, Jiahui Shang, Chi Zhang, Wenlong Zhang, Lihua Niu, Longfei Wang, Huanjun Zhang
Summary: Greenhouse gases (GHGs) from freshwater bodies are influenced by the eutrophic status, with both direct and indirect factors playing a role. The review emphasizes the existence of feedback loops between freshwater eutrophication and GHG emissions. Future research directions and mitigation measures are also discussed to provide insights into controlling GHG emissions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiangzhen Niu, Ziliang Fang, Gongjie Liu, Zhen Zhao, Xiaobing Yan
Summary: This study successfully developed high-performance memristors based on the Pd/La:HfO2/La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 device on a silicon substrate, which exhibited good stability and multilevel storage capability. The memristor showed brainlike synaptic behavior and achieved a high recognition rate in face image recognition in neural-inspired computing.
SCIENCE CHINA-MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Roy S. Smith, Bassam Bamieh
Summary: Introducing stochastic components in a feedback loop can result in state behaviors different from those observed in a deterministic system. Multiplicative stochastic signals can lead to a richer set of state behaviors. These phenomena are also present in more complex stochastic dynamical systems.
IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana El-Samad
Summary: Cells utilize feedback control mechanisms to regulate growth, division, repair, and responses to environmental changes, maintaining homeostasis of tissues and organs. Understanding the properties and challenges of biological feedback control networks is key to unraveling the essence of life.
