Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maskit Bar-Meir, Gali Pariente, Ayal Romem, Yonit Wiener-Well
Summary: The acceptance rate of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment was very low among healthcare workers in the study. Focusing on educating healthcare workers is potentially the key step towards increasing the rate of LTBI treatment acceptance.
Article
Microbiology
Robeena Farzand, Richard D. Haigh, Philip Monk, Pranabashis Haldar, Hemu Patel, Manish Pareek, Raman Verma, Michael R. Barer, Gerrit Woltmann, Lauren Ahyow, Heena Jagatia, Jonathan Decker, Galina V. Mukamolova, Andrea M. Cooper, Natalie J. Garton, Helen M. O'Hare
Summary: The genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis plays a role in disease severity and transmissibility. In this study, the phenotyping of M. tuberculosis from a persistent outbreak in the UK revealed higher lipid contents and more hydrophobic cell surfaces compared to nonoutbreak isolates. Deletions in specific genes were also found in the outbreak isolates, potentially altering the interactions between the bacteria and immune cells. Reintroduction of one of these genes led to a phenotype resembling nonoutbreak strains. Understanding the microbiological characteristics and genetic polymorphisms associated with outbreaks can inform tuberculosis control strategies.
Review
Respiratory System
Victor Vega, Sharon Rodriguez, Patrick Van der Stuyft, Carlos Seas, Larissa Otero
Summary: The study demonstrates that recurrent tuberculosis has a high incidence rate, with relapse accounting for 70% and reinfection for 30%. Genotyping is an important tool for distinguishing between relapse and reinfection. The incidence rate of recurrent tuberculosis is influenced by various factors such as HIV prevalence, treatment drug regimen, etc.
Article
Respiratory System
Zhenzhen Xing, Tieying Sun, Jean-Paul Janssens, Di Chai, Weiming Liu, Yaqi Tong, Yuxia Wang, Yali Ma, Mingming Pan, Jia Cui, Chen Wang, YanFei Guo
Summary: Post-tuberculosis is positively associated with pulmonary function impairment and frequent respiratory symptoms, including airflow obstruction and small airway dysfunction.
Review
Respiratory System
James M. Trauer, Andrew Kawai, Anna K. Coussens, Manjula Datta, Bridget M. Williams, Emma S. McBryde, Romain Ragonnet
Summary: The efficacy of BCG vaccination varies in different settings, with significant protection seen in trials involving neonates and children under 5, but less conclusive protection in high-burden settings with longer follow-up periods.
Review
Respiratory System
Shamanthi Jayasooriya, Francesca Dimambro-Denson, Claire Beecroft, Julie Balen, Babatunde Awokola, Caroline Mitchell, Beate Kampmann, Fiona Campbell, Pete Dodd, Kevin Mortimer
Summary: Nearly half of patients with presumed tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa are not diagnosed with active tuberculosis, and this proportion may be higher with active case-finding strategies. Little is known about the healthcare needs of these patients, and further research is needed to better understand their situation and develop solutions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Su-Young Kim, Dae Hun Kim, Seong Mi Moon, Ju Yeun Song, Hee Jae Huh, Nam Yong Lee, Sung Jae Shin, Won-Jung Koh, Byung Woo Jhun
Summary: This study evaluated the association between rrs mutations and amikacin resistance in clinical isolates of NTM in NTM-PD patients. The findings showed a higher prevalence of rrs mutations in high-level amikacin-resistant MAC isolates compared to low-level isolates, while all amikacin-resistant M. abscessus isolates had rrs mutations. These results emphasize the significance of phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility testing in managing MAC and M. abscessus-PD.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Niloufar Bineshfar, Ali Rezaei, Alireza Mirahmadi, Shervin Shokouhi, Farid Javandoust Gharehbagh, Mehrdad Haghighi, Ali Amini Harandi, Maziar Shojaei, Mahtab Ramezani, Anahita Zoghi, Kourosh Gharagozli, Legha Lotfollahi, Ilad Alavi Darazam
Summary: Subacute and chronic meningitis are characterized by meningeal inflammation with increased white blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid. Common symptoms include headache, nausea and vomiting, fever, and visual impairments. Diagnosis can be aided by brain CT and MRI, but normal results are common. Common etiologies include infectious, neoplastic, and immunologic causes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Swati Patel, Moti Chapagain, Clifford Mason, Matthew Gingrich, Shruti Athale, Wendy Ribble, Teresa Hoang, Joshua Day, Xicheng Sun, Thale Jarvis, Urs A. Ochsner, David Howe, Tawanda Gumbo
Summary: The orphan drug candidate CRS0540 exhibits exposure-dependent bactericidal activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Resistance emergence is related to AUC/MIC, with resistance amplification at an AUC/MIC of 54.8 and resistance suppression at an AUC/MIC of 119. Monte Carlo simulations predict that IV CRS0540 doses of 100 mg/kg achieve a high probability of target attainment at MICs up to 1.0 mg/L, making it a promising treatment option for immunocompromised patients with listeriosis.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jessica Marie Medrano, Pauline Maiello, Tara Rutledge, Jaime Tomko, Mark A. Rodgers, Daniel Fillmore, L. James Frye, Christopher Janssen, Edwin Klein, JoAnne L. Flynn, Philana Ling Lin
Summary: Using a nonhuman primate model, researchers identified patterns of latency in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection outcomes. The study emphasized the importance of understanding the clinical spectrum and risk factors associated with severe disease in order to tackle latent infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy, Shreya Singh, Rimjhim Kanaujia, Hansraj Chaudhary, Valliappan Muthu, Naresh Panda, Abhishek Pandey, Sheetal Thakur, Harsimran Kaur, Anup Ghosh, Ritesh Agarwal, Arunaloke Chakrabarti
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed consecutive cases of mucormycosis from a tertiary-care center in India. The aim was to investigate the clinical and mycologic characteristics of emerging Rhizopus homothallicus fungus. Results showed that R. homothallicus accounted for 6.8% of the cases and was associated with better survival compared to R. arrhizus. Antifungal-susceptibility testing revealed low MICs for R. homothallicus against commonly used antifungals. Genetic analysis showed distinct clustering of R. homothallicus.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mikaela Coleman, Jeremy Hill, Eretii Timeon, Alfred Tonganibeia, Baraniko Eromanga, Tauhid Islam, James M. Trauer, Stephen T. Chambers, Amanda Christensen, Greg J. Fox, Guy B. Marks, Warwick J. Britton, Ben J. Marais
Summary: This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of population-wide screening, treatment, and prevention interventions for tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy. The study is conducted in a high-burden setting in Kiribati and involves non-randomized 'screen-and-treat' interventions. The primary outcomes include the difference in TB and leprosy case notification rates before and after the intervention, as well as the impact on TB transmission measured through the estimated annual risk of TB infection in primary school children. The study findings will be disseminated through publications, conferences, and community engagement.
Article
Immunology
Joseph H. Puyat, Hennady P. Shulha, Robert Balshaw, Jonathon R. Campbell, Stephanie Law, Richard Menzies, James C. Johnston
Summary: This study evaluated the predictive performance of the TSTin3D tool in estimating the risk of developing active tuberculosis in individuals with latent TB infection among migrants. Results showed TSTin3D can adequately discriminate between those who develop active TB and those who do not, but there is room for improvement in calibration.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jon C. Emery, Alexandra S. Richards, Katie D. Dale, C. Finn McQuaid, Richard G. White, Justin T. Denholm, Rein M. G. J. Houben
Summary: The findings suggest that a significant proportion of individuals with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection can self-clear within 10 years, reducing the lifetime risk of tuberculosis disease. Identifying these individuals could lead to more effective targeting of prevention programs and inform tuberculosis vaccine development, making tuberculosis elimination more feasible.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Qing Chen, Tao Huang, Liping Zou, Liangshuang Jiang, Jiying Sun, Xiaoli Lu, Xiaoqiu Huang, Guihui Wu, Wei He
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed the clinical characteristics of 347 patients with tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) in Chengdu between July 2017 and December 2021. The study found that adult females were more susceptible to TBTB, while gender differences were not observed in children. Children had a higher occurrence of irritant dry cough and fever, acute hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and specific types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), but a shorter interval before diagnosis and lower diagnostic yields compared to adults. Adults presented more extensive lung lesions and cavitations, while children exhibited more granulation hyperplasia, lymph fistula, and airway stenosis, but with less severity. These findings highlight important variations between adults and children with TBTB.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Qiu, Chun Yang, Wei Xiong, Houda Tahiri, Mathieu Payeur, Rosanne Superstein, Anne-Sophie Carret, Patrick Hamel, Benjamin Ellezam, Bussieres Martin, Mark Vezina, Przemyslaw Sapieha, Guoxiang Liu, Pierre Hardy
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chun Yang, Wei Xiong, Qian Qiu, Houda Tahiri, Carmen Gagnon, Guoxiang Liu, Pierre Hardy
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2015)
Article
Physiology
Chun Yang, Wei Xiong, Qian Qiu, Zuo Shao, David Hamel, Houda Tahiri, Gregoire Leclair, Pierre Lachapelle, Sylvain Chemtob, Pierre Hardy
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Qiu, Wei Xiong, Chun Yang, Xiaotian Dai, Xiaoping Dan, Zaixing Yang, Yan Jiao, Yang Xiang, Guoxiang Liu, Pierre Hardy
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Qiu, Wei Xiong, Chun Yang, Carmen Gagnon, Pierre Hardy
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mei Feng, YuanGao Xu, XiangYan Zhang, Qian Qiu, ShiGuang Lei, JinLan Li, Wei Yuan, QunFeng Song, JinHong Xu
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Qian Qiu, Zaixing Yang, Fuli Cao, Chun Yang, Pierre Hardy, Xiaofeng Yan, Song Yang, Wei Xiong
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Respiratory System
Qian Qiu, Anzhou Peng, Yanlin Zhao, Dongxin Liu, Chunfa Liu, Shi Qiu, Jinhong Xu, Hongguang Cheng, Wei Xiong, Yaokai Chen
Summary: This study used bioinformatics methods to analyze potential biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and selected three key genes as risk factors for predicting PTB. The combination of these genes showed high accuracy in distinguishing PTB from other diseases.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Chun Yang, Wei Xiong, Qian Qiu, Houda Tahiri, Rosanne Superstein, Anne-Sophie Carret, Przemyslaw Sapieha, Pierre Hardy
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2014)