4.2 Article

Impact of Public Agricultural Investment on Crops Production, Households' Welfare, and Employment Generation Opportunities in Togo, West Africa

Journal

Publisher

PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD
DOI: 10.1057/s41287-023-00597-7

Keywords

Public investment; Agriculture; Food productions; Employment generation; Households' welfare; CGEM; E60; Q18; H53; I38

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Increasing public agricultural investment is crucial for maximizing food production, improving households' welfare, and creating jobs. Findings from the study showed that increasing public agricultural investment led to higher crop production, increased welfare and employment opportunities. These results are significant for policy-making in developing countries, where agriculture plays a vital role in the economy. It is recommended to allocate at least 5% or preferably 10% of the national budget to agriculture to boost food production and improve households' welfare.
Interventions to maximize food production and improve households' welfare and job creation are key targets of governments' policies in implementing the national development plans of most developing countries, including Togo. We assess the impact of public agricultural investment (PAI) on crop production, employment generation, and households' welfare in Togo using a computable general equilibrium model, given its appropriateness in handling economy wide and the welfare effect of specific policies. We consider three scenarios: a 10% and 25% increase in PAI as engaged by the African heads of state in 2003 in the Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and Food Security in Africa and re-engaged in Malabo in 2014, and the recommendation of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, respectively, while 5% increase in PAI is used as the optimist scenario. We find that PAI positively affects food and cash crop production, breeding and hunting, fishing, silviculture, and lumbering. Increasing PAI by 10% boosts annual food and cash crop production by 81.17 million US$ and 14.75 million US$, respectively, while a 5% annual increase improves households' welfare (8.71%) and job creation (5.96%). Fishing and food crop production are the most promising sub-sectors with significant impacts on job creation and households' welfare. These findings have important policy implications and serve as a benchmark in decision making in considering the importance of PAI in households' welfare in developing countries, where agriculture is still seen as a cornerstone of countries' economies. We recommend investment reallocation at 10% or at least 5% of the national budget to agriculture to boost food production and improve households' welfare while generating decent jobs in the economy. Les interventions visant a maximiser la production alimentaire et a ameliorer le bien-etre des menages et la creation d'emplois sont des objectifs cles des politiques gouvernementales dans la mise en & OELIG;uvre des plans nationaux de developpement de la plupart des pays en developpement, y compris le Togo. Nous evaluons l'impact de l'investissement public agricole (IPA) sur la production agricole, la creation d'emplois et le bien-etre des menages au Togo en utilisant un modele d'equilibre general calculable, compte tenu de son adequation a considerer l'economie dans son ensemble et evaluer l'impact des politiques specifiques. Nous considerons trois scenarios: une augmentation de 10% et 25% de l'IPA telle qu'engagee par les chefs d'etat africains en 2003 dans la Declaration de Maputo sur l'agriculture et la securite alimentaire en Afrique et reengagee a Malabo en 2014, et la recommandation de l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture, respectivement, tandis qu'une augmentation de 5% de l'IPA est utilisee comme le scenario optimiste. Nous constatons que l'IPA a un effet positif sur la production de cultures alimentaires et de rente, l'elevage et la chasse, la peche, la sylviculture et l'exploitation forestiere. Augmenter l'IPA de 10% stimule la production annuelle de cultures alimentaires et de rente de 81,17 millions de dollars US et 14,75 millions de dollars US, respectivement, tandis qu'une augmentation annuelle de 5% ameliore le bien-etre des menages (8,71%) et la creation d'emplois (5,96%). La peche et la production de cultures alimentaires sont les sous-secteurs les plus prometteurs avec des impacts significatifs sur la creation d'emplois et le bien-etre des menages. Ces resultats ont d'importantes implications politiques et servent de reference dans la prise de decision en considerant l'importance de l'IPA dans le bien-etre des menages dans les pays en developpement, ou l'agriculture est encore consideree comme une pierre angulaire des economies. Nous recommandons une reaffectation des investissements a hauteur de 10% ou au moins 5% du budget national a l'agriculture pour stimuler la production alimentaire et ameliorer le bien-etre des menages tout en generant des emplois decents dans l'economie. Las intervenciones para maximizar la produccion de alimentos y mejorar el bienestar de los hogares y la creacion de empleo son objetivos clave de las politicas gubernamentales en la implementacion del plan de desarrollo nacional de la mayoria de los paises en desarrollo, incluido Togo. Evaluamos el impacto de la inversion publica en agricultura (IPA) en la produccion de cultivos, la generacion de empleo y el bienestar de los hogares en Togo utilizando un modelo de equilibrio general computable, dada su idoneidad para manejar la economia en general y el efecto del bienestar de politicas especificas. Consideramos tres escenarios: un aumento del 10% y del 25% en la IPA segun lo comprometido por los jefes de estado africanos en 2003 en la Declaracion de Maputo sobre Agricultura y Seguridad Alimentaria en africa y reafirmado en Malabo en 2014, y la recomendacion de la Organizacion de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentacion y la Agricultura, respectivamente, mientras que un aumento del 5% en la IPA se utiliza como el escenario optimista. Encontramos que la IPA afecta positivamente la produccion de alimentos y cultivos comerciales, la cria y caza, la pesca, la silvicultura y la tala. Aumentar la IPA en un 10% aumenta la produccion anual de alimentos y cultivos comerciales en 81.17 millones de dolares y 14.75 millones de dolares, respectivamente, mientras que un aumento anual del 5% mejora el bienestar de los hogares (8.71%) y la creacion de empleo (5.96%). La pesca y la produccion de cultivos alimentarios son los subsectores mas prometedores con impactos significativos en la creacion de empleo y el bienestar de los hogares. Estos hallazgos tienen importantes implicaciones politicas y sirven como referencia en la toma de decisiones al considerar la importancia de la IPA en el bienestar de los hogares en los paises en desarrollo, donde la agricultura todavia se ve como una piedra angular de las economias de los paises. Recomendamos la reasignacion de inversiones al 10% o al menos al 5% del presupuesto nacional para la agricultura para impulsar la produccion de alimentos y mejorar el bienestar de los hogares mientras se generan empleos decentes en la economia.

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