Review
Cell Biology
Arianna Menardi, Simone Rossi, Giacomo Koch, Harald Hampel, Andrea Vergallo, Michael A. Nitsche, Yaakov Stern, Barbara Borroni, Stefano F. Cappa, Maria Cotelli, Giulio Ruffini, Georges El-Fakhri, Paolo M. Rossini, Brad Dickerson, Andrea Antal, Claudio Babiloni, Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, Bruno Dubois, Gustavo Deco, Ulf Ziemann, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Emiliano Santarnecchi
Summary: Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques have potential applications in the study of Alzheimer's Disease, including early diagnosis, disease tracking, and therapy. However, current approaches have limitations. This study reviews and discusses experimental applications that aim to improve the efficacy of future noninvasive brain stimulation techniques.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giacomo Koch, Elias Paolo Casula, Sonia Bonni, Ilaria Borghi, Martina Assogna, Marilena Minei, Maria Concetta Pellicciari, Caterina Motta, Alessia D'Acunto, Francesco Porrazzini, Michele Maiella, Clarissa Ferrari, Carlo Caltagirone, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Marco Bozzali, Alessandro Martorana
Summary: In a 24-week trial, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the precuneus was found to slow down cognitive and functional decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that targeting the default mode network could be a novel therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Xinxin Chen, Jiuhong You, Hui Ma, Mei Zhou, Cheng Huang
Summary: This systematic review investigated the effect and safety of transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) on Alzheimer's disease (AD). The findings showed that TPS can significantly improve cognitive performance and reduce depressive symptoms in AD patients. However, the small sample size and lack of a sham control in the included studies limit the generalizability of these findings.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tomoo Mano
Summary: This study explores the cognitive function changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The results suggest that rTMS can improve cognitive function in AD patients, with the effects reversing after cessation of stimulation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Simona D'Agostino, Micol Colella, Micaela Liberti, Rosaria Falsaperla, Francesca Apollonio
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the risks of occupational exposure in the health environment related to TMS treatment by numerically estimating induced electric fields in human tissues of operators. The results showed that under certain conditions, the induced electric field in the operator's body could exceed safety limits, especially with circular coils. Operators should maintain a safe distance to ensure compliance with guidelines and pay attention to hand exposure.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Konstantin Weise, William A. Wartman, Thomas R. Knoesche, Aapo R. Nummenmaa, Sergey N. Makarov
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the meningeal layers on the cortical electric field in transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The results show that the presence of the meninges significantly increases the maximum electric fields in the cortex during TES, while the effect on TMS electric fields is minor. The findings provide a quantitative understanding of the influence of the meninges on TES and TMS and can contribute to the development of more accurate brain stimulation models.
Article
Neurosciences
Mohammad Daneshzand, Sergey N. Makarov, Lucia I. Navarro de Lara, Bastien Guerin, Jennifer McNab, Bruce R. Rosen, Matti S. Hamalainen, Tommi Raij, Aapo Nummenmaa
Summary: The study developed an approximation method based on MSP for accurate approximation of TMS-induced E-fields using high-resolution head models, with fast speed and high numerical accuracy, suitable for real-time navigation.
Review
Cell Biology
Ye Xie, Yunxia Li, Lu Nie, Wanting Zhang, Zijun Ke, Yixuan Ku
Summary: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been considered as a potentially effective treatment for cognitive impairment in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The current meta-analysis showed significant cognitive enhancement effects of rTMS treatment on patients with MCI and early AD.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin Seung Choung, Jong Moon Kim, Myoung-Hwan Ko, Dong Sik Cho, MinYoung Kim
Summary: The study suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has therapeutic effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mice, promoting cognitive recovery through dopaminergic activation. High-frequency stimulation shows greater efficacy than low-frequency stimulation, with increased expression of DR4 gene and neurogenic proteins.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matteo Guidetti, Mattia Arlotti, Tommaso Bocci, Anna Maria Bianchi, Marta Parazzini, Roberta Ferrucci, Alberto Priori
Summary: Transcranial electrical stimulation techniques, such as tDCS and tACS, can induce neurophysiological and behavioral modifications by inducing electric fields in the brain. The estimation of these electric fields is mainly based on computational studies, but in vivo measurements have been used to further expand our current knowledge. This review summarizes the estimations of tDCS- and tACS-induced electric fields recorded in humans and non-human primates using intracerebral electrodes. The results suggest that even for deep brain structures, the injected current in clinical stimulation protocols can reach the brain, and the stimulation parameters and individual anatomy can determine the intensity and effects of the stimulation on neuronal and non-neuronal cell activity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xingqi Wu, Gong-Jun Ji, Zhi Geng, Lu Wang, Yibing Yan, Yue Wu, Guixian Xiao, Liying Gao, Qiang Wei, Shanshan Zhou, Ling Wei, Yanghua Tian, Kai Wang
Summary: Accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been shown to enhance associative memory (AM) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Results indicate that patients in the active group showed significant improvements in AM at week 2 and week 10, particularly those with higher baseline Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Arianna Menardi, Lisa Dotti, Ettore Ambrosini, Antonino Vallesi
Summary: TMS has been shown to improve global cognitive functioning in mild-to-moderate AD patients, but current protocol characteristics may lack sufficient personalization.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Letizia Leocani, Gloria Dalla Costa, Elisabetta Coppi, Roberto Santangelo, Marco Pisa, Laura Ferrari, Maria Paola Bernasconi, Monica Falautano, Abraham Zangen, Giuseppe Magnani, Giancarlo Comi
Summary: Preliminary findings suggest that rTMS with H-coil may have transient beneficial effects on cognition in patients with probable AD, warranting larger studies in early stages of the disease combining rTMS with cognitive rehabilitation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Naili Wei, Haoxin Liu, Wenrui Ye, Shengliang Xu, Changhao Lu, Anxiang Dai, Ting Hou, Xin Zeng, Jie Wu, Jian Chen
Summary: This study conducted a network meta-analysis to summarize the clinical research evidence of rTMS in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that compared to drug treatments, rTMS significantly improved cognitive function and reduced adverse events. Therefore, rTMS has broad prospects for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shouzi Zhang, Lixin Liu, Li Zhang, Li Ma, Haiyan Wu, Xuelin He, Meng Cao, Rui Li
Summary: This study conducted a randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in 35 moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease patients. The results showed that rTMS significantly improved cognitive performance, reduced psychiatric symptoms, and improved the clinician's evaluation of change. Furthermore, resting-state functional connectivity in certain brain regions was proposed as a potential neuroimaging marker for predicting treatment outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sergio Pandolfi, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Giovanni Ricevuti, Luigi Valdenassi, Geir Bjorklund, Roman Lysiuk, Monica Daniela Dosa, Larysa Lenchyk, Serafino Fazio
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on mankind, especially in Italy. Through post-mortem autopsies, immune-thrombosis of the lungs was identified as the major pathogenesis of COVID-19. Early anti-inflammatory therapy may be effective in treating endothelial inflammation and immune-thrombosis caused by COVID-19.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angelica Varesi, Elisa Pierella, Marcello Romeo, Gaia Bavestrello Piccini, Claudia Alfano, Geir Bjorklund, Abigail Oppong, Giovanni Ricevuti, Ciro Esposito, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Alessia Pascale
Summary: The dysregulation of gut microbiota is implicated in various diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This article reviews the role of gut microbiota in brain health and disease and presents evidence for its dysregulation in AD patients. It discusses the potential of using dysbiosis as a diagnostic tool and explores the therapeutic interventions using prebiotics, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and diets in AD.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Salvatore Chirumbolo, Luigi Valdenassi, Marianno Franzini, Sergio Pandolfi, Giovanni Ricevuti, Umberto Tirelli
Summary: This study found that females had better outcomes than males when treated with oxygen-ozone autohemotherapy for ME/CFS, especially in the youngest age group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Umberto Tirelli, Marianno Franzini, Luigi Valdenassi, Sergio Pandolfi, Massimiliano Berretta, Giovanni Ricevuti, Salvatore Chirumbolo
Summary: This study found that ozone treatment can significantly improve fatigue symptoms in ME/CFS patients without any side effects. Almost half of the treated patients showed improvement in fatigue scores from worst to best within 30 days, and the majority of patients experienced significant relief from fatigue.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gabriele Savioli, Iride Francesca Ceresa, Nicole Gri, Gaia Bavestrello Piccini, Yaroslava Longhitano, Christian Zanza, Andrea Piccioni, Ciro Esposito, Giovanni Ricevuti, Maria Antonietta Bressan
Summary: Overcrowding has been identified as a major issue affecting global health and the healthcare system, especially in emergency departments. In order to address this problem, it is crucial to accurately define it and find effective solutions.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Angelica Varesi, Adelaide Carrara, Vitor Gomes Pires, Valentina Floris, Elisa Pierella, Gabriele Savioli, Sakshi Prasad, Ciro Esposito, Giovanni Ricevuti, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Alessia Pascale
Summary: This narrative review discusses the potential of proteins, lipids, metabolites, oxidative-stress-related molecules, and cytokines as biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). It also explores the emerging role of miRNAs, lncRNAs, vitamins, and gut-microbiome-related molecules as diagnostic tools, providing new insights into the diagnosis and progression of this devastating disease.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gabriele Savioli, Iride Francesca Ceresa, Giulia Gori, Federica Fumoso, Nicole Gri, Valentina Floris, Angelica Varesi, Ermelinda Martuscelli, Sara Marchisio, Yaroslava Longhitano, Giovanni Ricevuti, Ciro Esposito, Guido Caironi, Guido Giardini, Christian Zanza
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of high-altitude sickness, discussing its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatments. It highlights the mechanisms of adaptation to high altitude and the associated risk factors for low adaptability. It also focuses on the main high-altitude diseases and the importance of early recognition and correct therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Lorenzo Lorusso, Giovanni Ricevuti
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelica Varesi, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Lucrezia Irene Maria Campagnoli, Elisa Pierella, Gaia Bavestrello Piccini, Adelaide Carrara, Giovanni Ricevuti, Catia Scassellati, Cristian Bonvicini, Alessia Pascale
Summary: Cellular senescence is an irreversible state of cell cycle arrest caused by various stressful stimuli. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in driving senescence. Identifying and characterizing antioxidant compounds that can prevent or counteract senescence is of great interest, but a comprehensive overview is currently lacking.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelica Varesi, Lucrezia Irene Maria Campagnoli, Foroogh Fahmideh, Elisa Pierella, Marcello Romeo, Giovanni Ricevuti, Marchesi Nicoletta, Salvatore Chirumbolo, Alessia Pascale
Summary: The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota and the Central Nervous System has a significant impact on brain function and the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Several studies have explored the role of dysbiosis and intestinal permeability in the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease, but the therapeutic applications of GM modifying approaches need further elucidation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Chirumbolo, Angelica Varesi, Marianno Franzini, Luigi Valdenassi, Sergio Pandolfi, Umberto Tirelli, Ciro Esposito, Giovanni Ricevuti
Summary: Medical ozone has been shown to be a feasible alternative and adjuvant treatment for COVID-19, with the ability to reduce hospitalization time, pro-inflammatory indicators, and coagulation markers while improving blood oxygenation parameters. It also has potential in reducing chronic inflammation and immune thrombosis, two factors involved in COVID-19 severity. Studies are further exploring its role in treating post-COVID disorders.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gabriele Savioli, Iride Francesca Ceresa, Maria Antonietta Bressan, Gaia Bavestrello Piccini, Angelica Varesi, Viola Novelli, Alba Muzzi, Sara Cutti, Giovanni Ricevuti, Ciro Esposito, Antonio Voza, Antonio Desai, Yaroslava Longhitano, Angela Saviano, Andrea Piccioni, Fabio Piccolella, Abdel Bellou, Christian Zanza, Enrico Oddone
Summary: Triage systems in emergency departments play a crucial role in ensuring appropriate and timely care for patients. This study examined the effects of a 5-level triage system compared to a 4-level system on wait times and triage accuracy. The findings suggest that implementing a 5-level triage system can improve overall emergency department performance and patient care.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marianno Franzini, Luigi Valdenassi, Sergio Pandolfi, Umberto Tirelli, Giovanni Ricevuti, Salvatore Chirumbolo
Summary: Ozone has a positive effect in treating bacterial infections, especially those caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria. Ozone improves the bacteria clearance ability of macrophages by activating Nrf2, and plays a complex role in modulating immunity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lijuan Wu, Xuanhui Chen, Anna Khalemsky, Deyang Li, Taoufik Zoubeidi, Dominique Lauque, Mohammed Alsabri, Zoubir Boudi, Vijaya Arun Kumar, James Paxton, Dionyssios Tsilimingras, Lisa Kurland, David Schwartz, Said Hachimi-Idrissi, Carlos A. Camargo Jr, Shan W. Liu, Gabriele Savioli, Geroge Intas, Kapil Dev Soni, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Jose Javier Trujillano Cabello, Niels K. Rathlev, Karim Tazarourte, Anna Slagman, Michael Christ, Adam J. Singer, Eddy Lang, Giovanni Ricevuti, Xin Li, Huiying Liang, Shamai A. Grossman, Abdelouahab Bellou
Summary: This retrospective study aims to investigate the relationship between emergency department (ED) length of stay (EDLOS) and inhospital mortality (IHM) in elderly patients. The study found a significant correlation between EDLOS and IHM, with a higher risk of IHM in patients with shorter EDLOS and longer boarding time (BT). Specific areas and teams dedicated to older patients care could be proposed to policymakers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gabriele Savioli, Claudia Alfano, Christian Zanza, Gaia Bavestrello Piccini, Angelica Varesi, Ciro Esposito, Giovanni Ricevuti, Iride Francesca Ceresa
Summary: Dysbarism refers to the signs and symptoms that occur when the body is unable to safely adapt to changes in atmospheric pressure. It can manifest in various ways, including neurological symptoms and cardiac collapse. Treatment should be tailored to the specific clinical manifestations.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2022)