Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jesus Rodriguez-Bano
Summary: Reflecting on the challenges faced at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, when treatment decisions were made without scientific evidence, can offer valuable insights for preparing for future pandemics.
Review
Oncology
Pavlos Msaouel, Juhee Lee, Peter F. Thall
Summary: Clinicians should pay more attention to patients' prognostic information, rather than being limited to predictive subgroups or biomarkers. Different treatment decisions can be made based on individual patient prognosis and clinical outcomes of interest, taking into account patients' goals and values. Well-informed patient-specific decision-making can be carried out by estimating key parameters, using prognostic information, and specifying joint utility functions.
Review
Oncology
Pavlos Msaouel, Juhee Lee, Jose A. Karam, Peter F. Thall
Summary: Physicians need to consider the joint effects of patient prognostic covariates and treatments on clinical outcomes when making individualized treatment decisions. Causal diagrams provide a rational basis to guide this process and overcome the challenges of using historical randomized clinical trial data when patients in the clinic are very different from the patients in the trial.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Charlene Martin, Maria Burton, Lynda Wyld
Summary: This study examined the role of family caregivers in making cancer treatment decisions for older women with pre-existing dementia and primary operable breast cancer. Findings highlighted the complexities that caregivers face when navigating cancer treatment options and their pivotal role in facilitating treatment decisions. Three key themes were identified: clinical interactions, information and support; treatment decision-making processes; and influences on treatment choice.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. C. Brock, J. A. Pempek, D. Jackson-Smith, K. Weaver, L. da Costa, G. G. Habing
Summary: Organic dairy producers use outdoor access, balanced forage-based diet, and animal and environmental cleanliness as main disease prevention measures. Most producers approach vaccination cautiously, while non-antimicrobial therapies are considered as effective alternatives.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Howard Minkoff, Jeffrey Ecker
Summary: The balance between the rights of pregnant women and the protection of the fetus is challenged when treating maternal health risks for the fetus. Pregnant women should be supported in trying new interventions, and including pregnant individuals in clinical trials is a solution to avoid the dilemma of absent data.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Business
Antoine Gilbert-Saad, Frank Siedlok, Rod B. McNaughton
Summary: Entrepreneurs, especially those in uncertain environments, rely heavily on heuristics when making strategic decisions. In our study, we conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with founders of newly established ventures to identify the heuristics they used and analyzed their roles and functions. Our findings indicate that heuristics are the primary decision-making strategy for inexperienced entrepreneurs, which help with organizing the venture, projecting the founder's identity onto their ventures, and exchanging information between the venture and the market. We also introduce a new type of heuristics called metacognitive heuristics.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tone Andersen-Hollekim, Line Melby, Kari Sand, Heidi Gilstad, Anita Das, Marit Solbjor
Summary: The implementation of Cancer Patient Pathways (CPPs) in Norway aimed to improve cancer diagnostics and treatment initiation by ensuring standardized waiting times and enhancing patient participation through shared decision-making. This study found that standardized CPPs provided patients with predictability and safety, enabling shared decision-making when cancer diagnoses supported preference-sensitive treatment options. Balancing standardizations with individualized care is key to facilitating patient participation in CPPs.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mark Hinton, Olivia Metcalf, Tracey Varker, Greg Roebuck, Violette McGaw, Loretta Watson, Julia Fredrickson, Lucinda Johnson, David Forbes, Andrea Phelps, Dzenana Kartal, Lisa Dell, Richard Bryant, Alexander C. McFarlane, Malcolm Hopwood, Meaghan O'Donnell
Summary: This study explores the expectations, experiences, and perceptions of help-seeking veterans with PTSD, providing a detailed account of the factors that influence treatment decisions. The findings reveal that most participants seek treatment during acute crisis and tend to follow recommendations or orders from other veterans, health professionals, or their superiors. Few actively consider scientific evidence supporting different treatments. Participants have a strong preference for treatment involving other veterans and report finding PTSD treatments helpful, although some are skeptical of evidence-based treatments. Many participants have negative experiences with treatment providers.
Article
Business
Fredrik Nordin, Annika Ravald
Summary: Currently, marketing is experiencing a significant transformation due to environmental disruptions and advances in marketing technologies. This study addresses the limited research on how marketing managers navigate the complex, volatile, and data-intensive nature of modern marketing environments. By qualitatively analyzing decision-making processes in 15 companies, the study identifies three key characteristics, namely agility, inventiveness, and reflexiveness. The findings provide insights into the cognitive and behavioral processes involved in marketing decision-making and contribute to understanding how managers respond to challenges in modern marketing environments.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bianca Viljoen, Michael S. Hofman, Suzanne K. Chambers, Jeff Dunn, Haryana Dhillon, Ian D. Davis, Nicholas Ralph
Summary: This study examines the lived experiences of men with advanced prostate cancer participating in the TheraP trial, highlighting their desire to survive and the importance of making informed decisions. Participants expressed a preference for allocation to the experimental arm and could benefit from improved informational and decision support when enrolling in clinical trials.
BMJ SUPPORTIVE & PALLIATIVE CARE
(2021)
Article
Management
Fotios A. Katsigiannis, Konstantinos G. Zografos
Summary: Airport Slot Allocation (ASA) aims to manage scarce airport resources by matching airline requests to airport slots. This paper introduces a variant of the ASA problem that considers the interrelation between airlines' preferences and coordinators' prioritisation. Through the development of a Mixed Integer Programming Model (MIP) and a preference-based algorithm, the proposed solution guarantees Pareto optimal request-to-slot assignments, improving capacity utilisation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laura A. Meis, Melissa A. Polusny, Shannon M. Kehle-Forbes, Christopher R. Erbes, Maureen O'Dougherty, Emily P. G. Erickson, Robert J. Orazem, Lori B. Burmeister, Michele R. Spoont
Summary: This study interviewed veterans with poor adherence to trauma-focused PTSD treatments and their therapists. The therapists used clinical stereotypes to explain the veterans' poor adherence, while the veterans had complex and multicausal explanations. The veterans withheld information about their difficulties, leaving the therapists challenged to respond effectively.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandra R. Dewar, Huibrie C. Pieters, Itzhak Fried
Summary: The process of consenting to surgery for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy is a significant treatment milestone for patients, involving understanding and overcoming risks, family-centered decision-making, and building decisional confidence. Despite challenges, patients often express satisfaction with the information provided during the surgical visit, highlighting the importance of informed consent as a systematic, structured interdisciplinary process over time.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Georgina M. Gross, Robert H. Pietrzak, Rani A. Hoff, Ira R. Katz, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem
Summary: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with clinically significant worsening of PTSD among Veterans with subthreshold PTSD. The findings revealed that male sex, White race, personality and anxiety disorders, more primary care encounters, physical health disability, and specific baseline PTSD symptom clusters (negative affect and anxious arousal) were associated with symptom worsening. The results suggest that Veterans with subthreshold symptoms seeking treatment for PTSD are at risk for symptom worsening.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
