Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Ma, Ping Fan, Zhiyuan Yang, Yongjian Sun, Jun Ma
Summary: The study found that in a wheat-rice rotation system in southern China, applying conventional N rate during the wheat season and using an M2 N management model during the rice season can improve soil organic matter and total nitrogen content in paddy fields, enhance nutrient status, and increase yield and carbon fixation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xin Qian, Qixin Lu, Xiaosan He, Yujie Wang, Hanzhou Li, Qingtie Xiao, Xinyu Zheng, Ruiyu Lin
Summary: Cd pollution of paddy soils is a major concern for food security and environmental issues. Microbial bioremediation using Cd-resistant bacteria can effectively reduce Cd accumulation in crops. This study investigated the impact of Pseudomonas sp. TCd-1 on the rhizosphere bacterial communities of rice crops under Cd stress, revealing changes in community structure and network interactions. The findings provide insights for developing efficient bioremediation strategies and safe rice production in Cd-contaminated fields.
Article
Agronomy
Md. Dhin Islam, Adam H. Price, Paul D. Hallett
Summary: The choice of rice cultivar for different planting cycles affects the root growth of the follow-on rice crop. Deep rooting cultivars have benefits in subsoil growth, while shallow rooting cultivars promote topsoil proliferation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hsin-Fang Chang, Puu-Tai Yang, Yohey Hashimoto, Kuo-Chen Yeh, Shan-Li Wang
Summary: This study investigated the speciation and fractionation of indium in rice paddy soils at different growth stages using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and a sequential extraction method. The results showed that indium was mainly associated with Fe hydroxides, hydroxides, and phosphate precipitates. Under continuous submergence conditions, the reductive dissolution of indium-associated Fe hydroxides released indium into the soil solution, and the released indium concentration decreased over time. In the rice rhizosphere, indium hydroxide was the predominant species, and the depletion of indium-associated Fe hydroxides was attributed to low mobility and root uptake. Consequently, indium uptake by rice roots was lower during the reproductive and grain ripening stage.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Muhammad Afzal, Caixian Tang, Mengjie Yu, Niaz Muhammad, Haochun Zhao, Jianming Xu
Summary: The study found that the impact of Cd on the rhizospheric nitrifier community and plant growth varies under different water management practices. Water management and Cd contamination can affect microbial N transformation and plant uptake of nutrients, highlighting the importance of proper water management and rhizospheric engineering in reducing plant Cd uptake and nitrification in Cd-contaminated paddy fields.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Van Sinh Nguyen, Minh Khoi Chau, Quang Minh Vo, Van Khoa Le, Thi Kim Phuong Nguyen, Masaaki Araki, Roland N. Perry, Anh Duc Tran, Duy Minh Dang, Ba Linh Tran, Gyu Lee Chol, Koki Toyota
Summary: Saltwater intrusion reduces the abundance of nematodes in soil, with differences in impacts between alluvial and acid sulfate soils. Omnivorous nematodes were found more in nonsalt-affected alluvial soil, while certain genera like Mesodorylaimus were dominant in salt-affected acid sulfate soil. Bacterivorous nematodes were dominant in both non-salt affected and salt-affected alluvial soils, but less prevalent in salt-affected acid sulfate soil, indicating tolerance differences to salinity levels.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Newton Z. Lupwayi, H. Henry Janzen, Eric Bremer, Elwin G. Smith, Derrick A. Kanashiro, Andrea H. Eastman, Renee M. Petri
Summary: Long-term field trials are ideal for studying soil microbial communities, as they evolve over time in a specific cropping system. This study found that crop rotation influenced microbial biomass carbon, with continuous wheat showing higher levels compared to other rotations. Fertilizer application increased soil microbial biomass carbon by 21%, while soil moisture deficit had no effect on the soil microbiome.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yinhang Xia, Xiangbi Chen, Shengmeng Zheng, Anna Gunina, Zhao Ning, Yajun Hu, Haiming Tang, Yichao Rui, Zhenhua Zhang, Hongbo He, Daoyou Huang, Yirong Su
Summary: This study revealed that incorporating organic materials in paddy soils can significantly increase total nitrogen content and enhance microbial involvement in nitrogen accumulation by activating N cycling genes. However, compared to rice straw, the addition of manure, although increasing biomass N in soil, showed a weaker relative microbial contribution to nitrogen accumulation.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jean-Baptiste Floc'h, Chantal Hamel, Mario Laterriere, Breanne Tidemann, Marc St-Arnaud, Mohamed Hijri
Summary: The presence of AMF community in canola rhizosphere and bulk soils sheds new light on AMF ecology, especially considering that canola belongs to non-mycorrhizal plants. Additionally, the sharing of bacterial cohorts between two AMF species in bulk soil provides new perspectives for research in AMF-bacteria interactions.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Hanfeng Zhang, Gongwen Luo, Yizhe Wang, Jiangchi Fei, Rong Xiangmin, Jianwei Peng, Chang Tian, Yuping Zhang
Summary: Crop rotation, particularly rice rotations with oilseed rape, can improve soil fertility and crop production by enhancing soil porosity, increasing nutrient content, and improving soil structure. The rotation systems have different effects on soil microbial diversity and community composition, with rice rotations with oilseed rape showing higher microbial diversity and co-occurrence of community species.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Awtar Singh, Shailja Mishra, Madhu Choudhary, Priyanka Chandra, Arvind Kumar Rai, Rajender Kumar Yadav, Parbodh Chander Sharma
Summary: This study aimed to isolate zinc solubilizing rhizobacteria (ZSB) from plants growing in zinc mines and sodic environments, and evaluate their performance in zinc nutrition of rice. The results showed that the ZSB population was 2.96 times higher in zinc mine soils than sodic soils, and it was strongly negatively correlated with soil pH and EC. B. paramycoides strain-1 was found to have a positive effect on zinc uptake in rice and the increase of water-soluble plus exchangeable zinc in deficient soils.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Punhoon Khan Korai, Tanveer Ali Sial, Genxing Pan, Hamada Abdelrahman, Ashim Sikdar, Farhana Kumbhar, Siraj Ahmed Channa, Esmat F. Ali, Jianguo Zhang, Joerg Rinklebe, Sabry M. Shaheen
Summary: The study found that adding biochar, especially wheat raw biochar, significantly increased rice yield and the availability and content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in plants. Additionally, the availability and content of iron, manganese, zinc, and copper in rice and wheat grains and straw also significantly increased. However, the water-washing process altered the properties of biochar, particularly the water-extractable carbon, decreasing its efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jing Li, Xuehe Lu, Weimin Ju, Ji Li, Shihua Zhu, Yanlian Zhou
Summary: Accurate representation of photosynthetic capacity and its seasonal variations is crucial for modeling carbon sequestration in cropland ecosystems. This study found that the relationship between chlorophyll content and maximum carboxylation rate (V-cmax25) differs before and after flowering in winter wheat and paddy rice. By combining remotely sensed chlorophyll content and phenology, the mapping of V-cmax25 for crops can be improved.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Zhang, Nuohan Xu, Zhenyan Zhang, Qi Zhang, Yaohui Yang, Zhitao Yu, Liwei Sun, Tao Lu, Haifeng Qian
Summary: The rhizosphere microbiome is crucial for plant growth and acts as an important interface for resource exchange between plants and the soil environment. This study analyzed the variations of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of four crop species during successive cultivation and found that specific microorganisms that benefit plant growth decreased in abundance over time, while potentially pathogenic fungi increased. The co-occurrence network analysis showed that bacterial and fungal communities under maize were more stable than those under other crops. The findings highlight the importance of indigenous soil flora in determining plant growth and suggest the potential use of critical microorganisms to control crop growth and yield.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Jie Li, Shuai Wang, Yuanliang Shi, Lili Zhang, Zhijie Wu
Summary: The introduction of cover crops in winter shows positive effects on rice yield, soil quality, and gaseous emissions, but may increase methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Considering the balance between environmental concerns and productivity, Chinese milk vetch-rice with cover crop residue return is the most practical and sustainable choice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jieping Wang, Yu Jia, Joann K. Whalen, Heather McShane, Brian T. Driscoll, Geoffrey Sunahara
Summary: Nano-sized titanium dioxide has been found to be toxic to nitrogen-fixing bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti, particularly under UV-A irradiation. Micron-sized titanium dioxide has no effect on the bacteria's viability in the dark, but can photo-kill the cells under UV-A light. Further studies are needed to understand the impact of nano-sized titanium dioxide on the growth of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in realistic agricultural environments.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Tian Tian, Joann K. Whalen, Pierre Dutilleul
Summary: The number of macroaggregates on the soil surface in humid regions can either decrease or increase due to rainfall disturbances or rainfall-activated chemical and biological stabilization. This study found that rainfall did not disturb macroaggregates based on the constant or increasing number of surface macroaggregates during five observation intervals. The persistence of macroaggregates was positively influenced by cumulative rainfall and soil moisture, suggesting that rainfall promotes macroaggregate formation through chemical and biological processes.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Hongyuan Deng, Leanne Ejack, Shamim Gul, Shiv O. Prasher, Joann K. Whalen
Summary: This study investigates the effects of biochar on N2O production in soil. The results show that the use of biochar significantly reduces N2O production in surface soil, but not in subsurface soil. Additionally, the average N2O production is lower in subsurface soil. The study also suggests that denitrifier activity is influenced by the availability of soluble organic carbon in the soil-biochar mixtures. Further research on carbon-nitrogen transformations is recommended to better understand the impact of biochar on N2O production in sandy loam soils.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Aidan De Sena, Chandra A. Madramootoo, Joann K. Whalen, Christian von Sperber
Summary: The study found that the majority of potential phosphorus in these organic soils can be hydrolyzed, with nucleic acids being the most abundant, mainly present in the 0.1 mol L-1 NaOH P pool. This form of organic phosphorus may be bound to the soil matrix, stabilized by organic carbon.
BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Chih-Yu Hung, Naseer Hussain, Barry R. Husk, Joann K. Whalen
Summary: Mixing animal manure with wood-based biochar can reduce NH3 volatilization, but has little effect on pH and N dynamics in the stored manure.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emmanuel A. Badewa, Chun C. Yeung, Fereidoun Rezanezhad, Joann K. Whalen, Maren Oelbermann
Summary: The study found that the resurgence of soil microbial activity during spring freeze-thaw events in temperate cold regions is associated with greenhouse gas emissions. Adding organic residues to the soil can increase or reduce greenhouse gas fluxes, depending on the type and production method of the organic material. N2O emissions were significantly affected by different types of organic residues, while CO2 and CH4 emissions were not significantly different.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Bingjie Sun, Cynthia M. Kallenbach, Michael Y. Boh, O. Grant Clark, Joann K. Whalen
Summary: This study assessed the potential soil enzyme activity after three annual applications of biosolids in a conventionally tilled field under silage corn. The results showed that overall, the potential soil enzyme activity did not change with biosolids application, but there was an increase in N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in soil amended with lime-stabilized biosolids, which also had higher soil pH and greater soil NH4+ concentration.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Yutong Jiang, Chih-Yu Hung, Joann K. Whalen
Summary: Maize roots adjust their growth according to the nitrate (NO-3) concentration in the environment, but the plasticity differs among different types of roots. We investigated the morphological response of lateral and axial roots on primary, seminal, and crown root types exposed to various concentrations of NO-3. Higher NO-3 concentration did not affect the growth of all axial roots and laterals of primary roots, but resulted in positive quadratic growth in laterals of the seminal and crown root types. The plasticity of maize roots to NO-3 concentrations is influenced by the differential growth of laterals on seminal and crown root types.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Habib Diop, Leanne Ejack, Abdirashid A. Elmi, Joann K. Whalen
Summary: Tile drainage is used in agricultural fields to remove excess soil moisture for earlier planting of spring crops. This study found that earthworm abundance and soil moisture were similar above and between tile lines. However, earthworm biomass was low in dry soils, peaked at 41 g moisture 100 g-1, and declined in wetter soils, impacting earthworm activity in agricultural fields.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Fatima Safar, Joann K. Whalen
Summary: Aggregate stability in soil is influenced by the strength of binding substances, such as calcium oxide-based compounds. This study investigated the effects of calcium ion concentration and counter-anions (CO32-, OH-) on the binding strength of newly-formed macroaggregates that resist abrasive force. The results showed that increasing Ca2+ concentration led to larger stable aggregate diameter, and the type of counter-anions had similar effects. The presence of montmorillonite clay minerals in the soil enhanced the formation of larger stable aggregates. Calcium oxide binding played a crucial role in stabilizing macroaggregates in arid desert soils.
Article
Soil Science
Emmanuel A. Badewa, Chun C. Yeung, Joann K. Whalen, Maren Oelbermann
Summary: Biobased residues derived from organic urban waste materials can enhance soil fertility and carbon sequestration. The study used the Century model to predict the effects of different biobased residues (compost, anaerobic digestate, or biosolids) on soil organic carbon stocks in Ontario, Canada. The results showed that compost and biosolids significantly increased soil organic carbon stocks compared to anaerobic digestate and nitrogen fertilizer, and crop rotation also increased soil organic carbon stocks. The study highlights the importance of compost as a soil amendment for carbon sequestration.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sanae El Harche, Mohamed Chikhaoui, Mustapha Naimi, Marieme Seif-Ennasr, Joann Whalen, Abdelwahed Chaaou
Summary: No-tillage and agroforestry techniques have been found to have positive impacts on hydrology and sediment loss, reducing soil erosion and sediment yield in the Tleta watershed in northern Morocco. The adoption of these practices can help maintain soil productivity, store water, and reduce labor and energy consumption.
Article
Soil Science
Baijing Zhu, Bingbing Wan, Ting Liu, Chongzhe Zhang, Liuzhu Cheng, Yanhong Cheng, Shanyi Tian, Xiaoyun Chen, Feng Hu, Joann K. Whalen, Manqiang Liu
Summary: Soil multifunctionality is influenced by biotic interactions and energy flux among multitrophic groups in the soil food web. Biochar can increase multifunctionality by promoting energy flow through the nematode food web, while synthetic fertilizer can have a non-uniform effect. Nitrogen limitation may offset the benefits of biochar and nutrient impoverishment can promote energy flow through the herbivore channel. Balancing biochar and synthetic fertilizer application is crucial for maintaining stable energetic structure and improving crop production and soil health in subtropical regions.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Emmanuel A. Badewa, Chun C. Yeung, Joann K. Whalen, Maren Oelbermann
Summary: Biobased residues, such as compost, biosolids, and digestate, can effectively enhance soil health and provide nutrients to crops. A study in Canada found that these residues increased soil-exchangeable potassium and sodium levels compared to nitrogen fertilizer. Soil microbial biomass and the capacity of soil microbes to utilize carbon substrates varied among seasons but not among amendment types. Crop productivity was similar among different types of residues. Biosolids were found to positively correlate with shoot and root biomass, while nitrogen fertilizer was positively correlated with shoot carbon. The study suggests that biobased residues, particularly biosolids, can supply sufficient nitrogen for temperate silt loam soil without additional nitrogen fertilizer.
SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yanyan Zhang, Joann K. Whalen, Chen Cai, Sung Vo Duy, Gabriel Munoz, Sebastien Sauve
Summary: Microcystins produced by toxic cyanobacterial blooms pose a threat to water quality. This study conducted a quantitative meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of 46 water treatment methods in removing microcystins. The results identified the most effective treatment options for removing these toxins.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)