Review
Neurosciences
Sandra Zivkovic, Maryam Ayazi, Grace Hammel, Yi Ren
Summary: Neutrophils are crucial components of the innate immune system, playing a key role in defense against infections and tissue injuries by recognizing and neutralizing pathogens. They are proficient in various immune response mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, granule release, and formation of NETs. In the pathologic changes in injured spinal cord, neutrophils play a significant role.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Anne Huntemer-Silveira, Nandadevi Patil, Megan A. Brickner, Ann M. Parr
Summary: Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries often result in loss of the myelin sheath, impacting functional recovery of the nervous system. Current research focuses on enhancing endogenous responses and cell-based replacement strategies due to limited mechanisms for remyelination in the CNS.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicole Pukos, Christina M. Marion, W. David Arnold, Benjamin T. Noble, Phillip G. Popovich, Dana M. McTigue
Summary: Our previous study found that a large number of new oligodendrocytes (OLs) are generated in the injured spinal cord of mice, with peak oligodendrogenesis occurring between 4 and 7 weeks post-injury. We also observed new myelin formation up to 2 months post-injury. Our current research expands on these findings, quantifying new myelin formation up to 6 months post-injury and investigating indices of demyelination. We discovered that remyelination reaches its peak during the third month post-injury and continues for at least 6 months. Additionally, we observed chronic demyelination through the expression of Nav1.2 and nodal protein disorganization. Our study also revealed a potential mechanism for initiating post-injury myelination, showing that oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) make contact with glutamatergic axons in an activity-dependent manner. Increasing OPC/axon contacts through chemogenetic activation of axons may serve as a therapeutic target for enhancing post-spinal cord injury myelin repair.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yasmeen Saeed
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a challenging disorder without a standard treatment. Immune responses could enhance the injury sequel, but they are also necessary for healing. Immunotherapeutic strategies targeting SCI can benefit from the dual nature of immune responses. This study aims to provide an overview of previous research on immunotherapeutic strategies for functional recovery after SCI and address the limitations of DNA and cell-based vaccination strategies.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wen-jun Zhang, Si-cheng Liu, Li-guo Ming, Jian-wen Yu, Cheng Zuo, Dong-xia Hu, Hong-liang Luo, Qiao Zhang
Summary: Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a common syndrome associated with diseases and poses a serious threat to human health. Schwann cells (SCs) play a crucial role in neural information transmission and can promote repair in response to peripheral nerve injury. Understanding the biological characteristics of SCs and their interaction with nerve injury can help develop strategies for the treatment of NPP.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Zhang, Jinping Hu, Ankang Mao, Meitong Liu, Shuang Guan, Jing Lu
Summary: Ginsenoside Rb1 can alleviate hepatocyte pyroptosis by activating mitophagy, which may provide a basis for formulating effective dietary therapy or dietary recommendation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fairuz Maliha, Ashfaq Adnan
Summary: The myelin sheath provides insulation to brain's neurons, and its structural integrity is critical for protecting the brain tissue from traumatic injury. This study used molecular dynamic simulations to investigate the tensile response of a single myelin layer and found that cohesive failure occurs through flaw formation inside the bilayers when strain is applied.
Article
Neurosciences
Haley Jeanette, Leandro N. Marziali, Urja Bhatia, Abigail Hellman, Jacob Herron, Ashley M. Kopec, Maria Laura Feltri, Yannick Poitelon, Sophie Belin
Summary: YAP and TAZ, effectors of the Hippo pathway, play a regulatory role in the proliferation and differentiation of repair Schwann cells during peripheral nerve regeneration, contributing to remyelination over time.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Monique M. A. de Almeida, Adrianne E. S. Watson, Sana Bibi, Nicole L. Dittmann, Kara Goodkey, Pedram Sharafodinzadeh, Danny Galleguillos, Maryam Nakhaei-Nejad, Jayasankar Kosaraju, Noam Steinberg, Beatrix S. Wang, Tim Footz, Fabrizio Giuliani, Jing Wang, Simonetta Sipione, Julia M. Edgar, Anastassia Voronova
Summary: Demyelinating disorders of the CNS can be improved by introducing fractalkine into the damaged murine brain, which promotes the formation of new oligodendrocytes, enhances remyelination, and reduces activation of microglia/macrophages. This pro-regenerative effect is achieved through increased OPC proliferation, OPC differentiation, and modulation of microglia biology. These findings highlight the potential of fractalkine as a therapeutic target for demyelinating disorders.
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah Joost, Felix Schweiger, Friederike Pfeiffer, Carolin Ertl, Jonas Keiler, Marcus Frank, Markus Kipp
Summary: This study investigated the ultrastructural changes of the axon-myelin interface in the cuprizone model and found remarkable similarities between the cuprizone model and multiple sclerosis in terms of myelin characteristics. This suggests that the cuprizone model is a valuable tool to study early pathologies during lesion formation in multiple sclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
YiMing Yuan, Yan Wang, ShanHong Wu, Ming Yue Zhao
Summary: Traumatic peripheral nerve injury is a common and significant clinical problem that can result in functional impairment and permanent disability. Despite advancements in diagnostic procedures and surgical techniques, recovery after peripheral nerve repair is often unsatisfactory. Understanding the role of myelin and myelination in the peripheral nervous system is crucial for promoting nerve regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yilu Li, Dan Wang, Zhuoyang Li, Zhi Ouyang
Summary: This study demonstrates that the selective A(2B)AR antagonist PSB0788 plays an important role in promoting the normal development of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in the fetal brain in a maternal inflammation-induced periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) model.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jinxin Li, Zhenyu Zhu, Yiteng Li, Yihao Chen, Xuyang Hu, Yanchang Liu, Yi Shi, Yao Hu, Yihui Bi, Xinzhong Xu, Meige Zheng, Li Cheng, Juehua Jing
Summary: We found that D-4F can promote the clearance of myelin debris and reduce the formation of foamy macrophages, leading to neuroprotection and motor function recovery. These beneficial effects may be associated with the upregulation of ABCA1 expression by D-4F.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yue Shi, Xiujie Shi, Mingming Zhao, Meiying Chang, Sijia Ma, Yu Zhang
Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious health concern without effective drugs or treatments, except for renal replacement therapy. This review explores the potential of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for AKI and highlights the role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds in inhibiting ferroptosis to prevent and treat AKI. The findings suggest that TCM compounds have promising prospects in AKI treatment by targeting ferroptosis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Bowen Wan, Cong Li, Ming Wang, Fanqi Kong, Qirui Ding, Chenliang Zhang, Hao Liu, Dingfei Qian, Wenlin Deng, Jian Chen, Pengyu Tang, Qian Wang, Shujie Zhao, Zheng Zhou, Tao Xu, Yifan Huang, Jun Gu, Jin Fan, Guoyong Yin
Summary: The study demonstrates the crucial role of GIT1 in promoting MECs clearance of myelin debris and stimulating angiogenesis, making it a promising target for accelerating SCI recovery.
