Proceedings Paper
Construction & Building Technology
Karen Fenaughty, Danny Parker, Joshua Butzbaugh
Summary: Future utilities will focus on home appliances to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide electric load shifting and demand management. Heat pump water heaters have the potential to significantly reduce water heating energy consumption. HPWHs with load-shaping ability of CTA-2045-B may store excess energy when renewable resources are abundant.
ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2022, VOL 128, PT 2
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ryan O'Reilly, Jed Cohen, Johannes Reichl
Summary: This paper develops quantitative predictions for residential electricity demand and the potential for load shifting for Europe at a fine spatial scale for years 2022-2050. It provides insights and applications for energy system models, infrastructure planners, grid operators, and policy makers in assessing the value and future role of load shifting, as well as considering load shifting in future market designs.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Manasseh Obi, Cheryn Metzger, Ebony Mayhorn, Travis Ashley, Walter Hunt
Summary: The deployment of CTA-2045-enabled devices is growing in the U.S. market, allowing utilities to control appliance energy use. This study focuses on the use of CTA-2045-enabled water heaters to shift electric load, comparing non-targeted, targeted, and smart control strategies. The results show that targeted and smart control strategies offer more load-shifting potential without sacrificing hot water supply.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Monish Mukherjee, Bishnu Bhattarai, Sarmad Hanif, Robert Pratt
Summary: This article evaluates the performance of state-of-art EWH models and proposes a novel transactive control strategy that optimally utilizes the thermal inertia of EWHs for providing grid services. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy in reducing feeder demand and highlight the impact of modeling accuracy on assessing the potential of EWHs for grid services.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. L. Di Silvestre, E. Riva Sanseverino, E. Telaretti, G. Zizzo
Summary: Among various solutions to increase flexibility of electricity system, grid interactive water heaters (GIWHs) can make a significant contribution at a low cost. They offer fast response time, low cost, highly distributed resource and well-established technology, making them suitable for use within buildings, energy communities, and distribution grids. This study assesses the potential value of GIWHs' flexibility in the US market, specifically California, Oregon, and Washington, compared to other sources of flexibility. It provides an overview of GIWH technology, control strategies, pilot programs, and available technologies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael J. Ritchie, Jacobus A. A. Engelbrecht, Marthinus J. Booysen
Summary: Breakthroughs in smart grid technology enable controlled and intelligent delivery of electricity for improved energy efficiency. By implementing demand-side management strategies and advanced control models, residential energy consumption can be reduced while ensuring optimal grid generation capacity.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dawei Xia, Zhengnan Zhong, Yu Huang, Yukai Zou, Siwei Lou, Qiaosheng Zhan, Jialiang Guo, Jiahao Yang, Tongye Guo
Summary: Moisture significantly affects indoor thermal comfort and energy demand. The coupled heat and moisture transfer (HAMT) effect in wall assemblies is often ignored, leading to overestimation of indoor temperature and underestimation of cooling and dehumidification demand energy. Ignoring HAMT increases the probability of high hourly energy demand for cooling and dehumidification.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Michelle Baillot, Olivier Hue, Trong Than Tran, Sophie Antoine-Jonville
Summary: The study found that performance was impaired in humid and dry conditions during a self-paced 20-km cycling time trial. In the humid condition, neuromuscular activity in peripheral skeletal muscle significantly decreased during the trial.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Athar Kamal, Ahmed Mahfouz, Nurettin Sezer, Ibrahim Galal Hassan, Liangzhu Leon Wang, Mohammad Azizur Rahman
Summary: This study investigates the combined impact of urban heat island (UHI) and climate change on the cooling demand of high-rise residential buildings in Qatar. The results show that both UHI and climate change contribute to an increase in building cooling energy consumption in hot and humid climates.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mayank Jain, Mukta Jain, Tarek AlSkaif, Soumyabrata Dev
Summary: This paper discusses the application of clustering algorithms on electricity load demand profile datasets and the selection and applicability of cluster validation indices.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Juan A. Tejero-Gomez, Angel A. Bayod-Rujula
Summary: This paper introduces a low-cost Energy Management System for Electric Water Heaters that aims to minimize electricity bills while maintaining comfort levels, using an algorithm to estimate optimal operating hours based on consumption habits and dynamic electricity prices.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Henrique S. Eichkoff, Daniel P. Bernardon, Julio A. Bitencourt, Vinicius J. Garcia, Daiana W. Silva, Lucas M. Chiara, Sebastian A. Butto, Solange M. K. Barbosa, Alejandre C. A. Pose
Summary: This study introduces a demand-side management methodology to address the problem of excessive loading on power grids due to irrigation activities in rural areas of southern Brazil. By adjusting the load of irrigation customers, the study proposes a load shifting strategy to reduce demand during peak periods and shift it to lower load periods. The results show that this model can reduce maximum demand and daily load variations, ensuring the continuity of electric power supply and benefiting both customers and power utilities.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bruno Mota, Pedro Faria, Zita Vale
Summary: This paper proposes a flexible demand management solution that addresses constraints in residential load scheduling and demand response. By utilizing a crossover method in genetic algorithms, along with distributed generation, dynamic pricing, and load shifting, significant reductions in energy costs can be achieved.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Salaheddine Soummane, Amro M. Elshurafa, Hatem Alatawi, Frank A. Felder
Summary: We used a national Saudi power system dispatch optimization model to study the effects of load shifting from the industrial sector. The model calculated the fuel consumption, emissions, and costs of shifting industrial loads from summer to winter months without changing tariffs and production levels. The results show potential cost savings of $7.9 million to $17.7 million per year and a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions by up to 584 thousand tons. Furthermore, implementing load shifting could save $127.2 million to $239.4 million per year when considering the opportunity costs of saved fuel.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaolin Yang, Zhuoxi Chen, Yukai Zou, Fengdeng Wan
Summary: The existing building stock needs renovation and upgrading to improve energy efficiency and meet the goals of carbon reduction and sustainable development. This study presents an optimization framework using genetic algorithms to develop robust retrofit plans that balance energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and uncertainties. A case study of an aged residential building in China demonstrates the proposed method. The optimization results show a potential energy demand reduction of 81.5%. However, short-term optimization tends to favor solutions with high energy demand and low costs, so it is recommended to consider the long-term economic benefits of retrofits and prioritize high energy efficiency solutions. However, the expensive nature of retrofit investments may pose barriers to residents, so support and guidance should be provided by society.