Article
Environmental Sciences
Liad Paskin, Boris Conan, Yves Perignon, Sandrine Aubrun
Summary: Accurately describing atmospheric turbulent flow in the offshore environment is crucial for more accurate weather and climate forecasting and efficient engineering solutions for exploiting offshore renewable energies. This study deployed a scanning LiDAR to study micro-scale wind-wave interactions and discovered the effects of waves on wind speed, providing new perspectives for the study of micro-scale wind-wave interactions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaoye Wang, Guangyao Dai, Songhua Wu, Peizhi Zhu, Ziwang Li, Xiaoquan Song, Suping Zhang, Jing Xu, Jiaping Yin, Shengguang Qin, Xitao Wang
Summary: This paper introduces a method to identify turbulent mixing sources within the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) using shipborne coherent Doppler lidar measurements. The method is applied to observations in the South China Sea and the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, revealing differences in the temporal-spatial evolution characteristics of turbulent mixing processes under different weather conditions. The convective mixing process is identified in clear-sky days, while turbulent mixing is weak during sea-fog days.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pablo Ortiz-Amezcua, Alodia Martinez-Herrera, Antti J. Manninen, Pyry P. Pentikainen, Ewan J. O'Connor, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Lucas Alados-Arboledas
Summary: Characterizing the urban boundary layer is crucial for weather and air quality modeling and forecasting. This study utilized scanning Doppler lidar measurements to analyze the wind profiles in a medium-sized city surrounded by mountains in southern Spain. The results revealed differences in diurnal wind evolution and the presence of convective activity during the day and wind shear-driven turbulence at night in the atmospheric boundary layer.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jose Dias Neto, Louise Nuijens, Christine Unal, Steven Knoop
Summary: This paper presents an experimental setup for retrieving high-resolution horizontal wind speed and direction profiles using wind lidar and cloud radar measurements. The CMTRACE campaign conducted in the Netherlands generated seamless wind profiles from the surface to cloud tops. The data processing steps for generating level 1 and level 2 data are described, and statistical analyses show a high correlation and small bias between lidar and radar measurements.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sanjay Kumar Mehta, Aravindavel Ananthavel, Vinoj Velu, Thara Prabhakaran, Govindan Pandithurai, D. Narayana Rao
Summary: In this study, the occurrence and characteristics of the elevated aerosol layer (EAL) during the pre-monsoon season in Kattankulathur, India, were investigated using micropulse lidar (MPL) and satellite observations. The EAL was found to have a width of -2.0 km and occur between -1.0 km and 5.0 km. Three types of EALs were categorized based on their altitude occurrence. The EAL significantly modified the total columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD), with the EAL contributing 62% to the total AOD.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Xuebo Li, Nicholas Hutchins, Xiaojing Zheng, Ivan Marusic, Woutijn J. Baars
Summary: A large-scale array of measuring instruments was used to study the statistical structure of turbulence structures in different stability conditions. The researchers found a self-similar range of turbulence structures and analyzed the scale-dependent inclination angle in the streamwise/wall-normal plane. The results showed that the inclination angle and aspect ratio of the structures were highly sensitive to the stability parameter.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tamir Tzadok, Ayala Ronen, Dorita Rostkier-Edelstein, Eyal Agassi, David Avisar, Sigalit Berkovic, Alon Manor
Summary: Measurements using Halo-Photonics StreamLine XR Doppler LiDAR show good agreement with in situ instruments, with lower elevation scans performing the best. Analysis of boundary layer structure and verification of multiple inversions were conducted using retrieved data and WRF simulations. Synergistic use of LiDAR data with WRF simulations for low SNR regions was demonstrated.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sourita Saha, Som Sharma, Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar, Prashant Kumar, Shyam Lal, Dharmendra Kamat
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) using a Ceilometer Lidar in Ahmedabad, a semi-arid region in western India. The findings show strong diurnal variations and a significant winter-summer difference in the ABL. Comparisons with satellite, radiosonde, and reanalysis datasets highlight the importance of ground-based lidars in continuous monitoring of the ABL at high resolution.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. Chatain, A. Spiga, D. Banfield, F. Forget, N. Murdoch
Summary: The InSight mission has provided valuable data on Mars' active atmospheric turbulence, including daytime vortices, nighttime vortices, and intense nighttime local turbulence during the dusty season. Local turbulence, sensitive to ambient wind, contrasts with non-local turbulence and is influenced by a combination of factors during the night.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ian N. N. Williams, Shaoyue Qiu
Summary: Doppler lidar vertical velocity retrievals were analyzed to study the scale and structure of mixed-layer turbulence over a 7-year period in the US Southern Great Plains. The study found significant variations in spectral density in the energy-production subrange and mesoscale regimes. The results showed that surface forcing and updraft size had significant effects on turbulence scale, with increasing buoyancy flux leading to narrower updrafts and cellular structures.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunfei Zhang, Yunpeng Zhang, Changming Yu, Fan Yi
Summary: Aerosol vertical profiling is crucial in understanding the haze formation and evolution processes. The study in Wuhan during a severe haze event in 2013 revealed that haze particles were spherical and submicron in nature, with a significant increase in aerosol optical depth and concentration up to 1.2 km. The aerosol distribution exhibited distinct patterns in the atmospheric boundary layer under haze conditions, with morning accumulation due to stable meteorological conditions and afternoon ventilation reducing boundary layer aerosols.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Razvan Pirloaga, Mariana Adam, Bogdan Antonescu, Simona Andrei, Sabina Stefan
Summary: For the first time in Romania, Doppler wind lidar measurements were used to analyze wind and turbulence statistics at a peri-urban site in Magurele, southwest of Bucharest. Vertical and scanning measurements from December 2019 to November 2021 were processed, and statistics were performed based on seasonal and diurnal cycles. The results showed variations in diurnal wind speed and direction, with lower speed during the day and higher at night. The ERA5 reanalysis exhibited similar patterns to the Doppler wind lidar measurements, albeit slightly underestimated in terms of wind speed.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Matthew Emes, Azadeh Jafari, Andreas Pfahl, Joe Coventry, Maziar Arjomandi
Summary: Accurate estimation of wind loads on heliostats based on detailed turbulence measurement is crucial for structural integrity and cost reduction. Wind load predictions are not specified due to non-standard shapes and varying wind conditions in the ABL. Increased understanding of aerodynamic effects and wind load predictions would improve field efficiency models and reduce costs.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xinbei Li, Suping Zhang, Darko Koracin, Li Yi, Xin Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the atmospheric circulation and marine atmospheric boundary layer structure associated with marine fog over the northeast Pacific in winter. The formation of fog in this area is influenced by the northward air flow from the eastern flank of the Aleutian low and the northwestern flank of the Pacific subtropical high. Warm and moist air flows through a cool sea surface, facilitating the formation of advection-cooling fog. The foggy areas experience downward sensible heat flux and smaller upward latent heat flux compared to surrounding areas, indicating that moisture originates from advection rather than local evaporation. A lower and stronger inversion layer, as well as turbulence in the lower atmosphere, promote fog formation. Approximately 68% of fog cases in this area show positive differences between surface air temperature and sea surface temperature.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bisen Han, Tian Zhou, Xiaowen Zhou, Shuya Fang, Jianping Huang, Qing He, Zhongwei Huang, Minzhong Wang
Summary: This study proposes a new method to determine the atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH) and compares it with existing methods. The results show that the new method is consistent with the existing methods for non-dust events, but overestimates the stable boundary layer and underestimates the heights of the mixing layer.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
S. Letizia, G. V. Iungo
Summary: This article introduces the development of next-generation wind farm flow models, highlighting their accuracy in describing wind farm aerodynamics and their low computational costs. The model is validated and tested against experimental data, showing improved predictions of power production and efficiency compared to existing engineering wake models.
JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
G. V. Iungo, R. Maulik, S. A. Renganathan, S. Letizia
Summary: This research utilizes LiDAR measurements to characterize and analyze isolated wakes generated by wind turbines at an onshore wind farm. The study focuses on the variability of wake mean velocity and turbulence intensity under different atmospheric stability regimes and rotor thrust coefficients. The results show that the characteristics of the wakes vary significantly across different conditions. Additionally, the cluster analysis reveals the presence of off-design operations with yaw misalignment of the turbine rotor.
JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Matteo Puccioni, Marc Calaf, Eric R. Pardyjak, Sebastian Hoch, Travis J. Morrison, Alexei Perelet, Giacomo Valerio Iungo
Summary: Recent studies have confirmed the coexistence of wall-attached eddies and very-large-scale motions in wall-bounded flows. The statistical features of the eddies are predicted through Townsend's attached-eddy hypothesis, and the presence of wall-attached eddies is linked to an inverse-power-law region in the streamwise velocity energy spectra. In this study, the contributions of wall-attached eddies and VLSMs to the streamwise velocity energy in a near-neutral atmospheric surface layer are investigated.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Keshav Panthi, Giacomo Valerio Iungo
Summary: This study quantifies the effects of leading-edge erosion on horizontal axis wind turbines using infrared thermographic imaging, meteorological data, and SCADA data. It is found that leading-edge erosion can cause an average annual energy production loss of 3% to 8%. The impact of erosion is higher at lower wind speeds and turbulence intensity.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mithu Debnath, Patrick Moriarty, Raghavendra Krishnamurthy, Nicola Bodini, Rob Newsom, Eliot Quon, Julie K. Lundquist, Stefano Letizia, Giacomo Valerio Iungo, Petra Klein
Summary: The American wake experiment (AWAKEN) is being conducted in northern Oklahoma, USA, near the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains (ARM SGP) atmospheric observatory. This study analyzes long-term wind data collected at the ARM SGP observatory to characterize the winds near the AWAKEN site. The analysis reveals a high occurrence of wind shear and veer events, especially nocturnal low-level jets, coming predominantly from the south and southeast. By using the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) and comparing with observational data, the wind shear at the site can be predicted, with some limitations in the stable boundary layer.
JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Puccioni, C. F. Moss, C. Jacquet, G. V. Iungo
Summary: To maximize the profitability of wind power plants, wind farms often operate with high wind turbine density, leading to complex flow features and reduced power capture. This study investigates the effects of wind turbine rotors on the incoming wind velocity field and finds enhanced induction and speedup under stable atmospheric conditions. The study also reveals that a reduced distance between adjacent turbines has a significant impact on speedups but minimal effect on inductions.
JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Coleman Moss, Matteo Puccioni, Romit Maulik, Clement Jacquet, Dale Apgar, Giacomo Valerio Iungo
Summary: Flow modifications induced by wind turbine rotors on the incoming atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) can significantly affect the power performance and annual energy production (AEP) of a wind farm. A field campaign was conducted to better understand the complex flow physics between turbine rotors and the ABL. Statistical and machine learning models were used to quantify and predict flow modifications for different wind and atmospheric conditions. The experimental results showed that rotor-induced effects on wind velocity were significant and varied with different wind and atmospheric conditions, but became negligible at a certain distance from the rotor area.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Coleman Moss, Romit Maulik, Patrick Moriarty, Giacomo Valerio Iungo
Summary: This study predicts the power performance and wind velocity field of an onshore wind farm using machine learning models and the pseudo-2D RANS model, and validates the predictions with SCADA data. The machine learning models show improved accuracy in predicting turbine power capture and farm power capture compared to the pseudo-2D RANS model, with lower computational costs. Additionally, the machine learning models provide accurate predictions of wind turbulence intensity at the turbine level, which is difficult to achieve through RANS modeling. Interactions between wind farms are also observed, with adverse impacts on power predictions from both models.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Emmanouil M. Nanos, Carlo L. Bottasso, Filippo Campagnolo, Franz Muehle, Stefano Letizia, G. Valerio Iungo, Mario A. Rotea
Summary: This paper presents a scaled wind turbine model for wake and wind farm control experiments in a boundary layer wind tunnel. Experimental and numerical results show that the performance of the scaled turbine is consistent with expectations.
WIND ENERGY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Luis A. Martinez-Tossas, Philip Sakievich, Matthew J. Churchfield, Charles Meneveau
Summary: This work revisits the filtered lifting line theory and provides a more general formulation for solving flow problems with significant changes in chord, such as wind turbine blades.
