Article
Biology
Fernando Y. Maeda, Jurriaan J. H. van Haaren, David B. Langley, Daniel Christ, Norma W. Andrews, Wenxia Song
Summary: Recognition of antigen by B-cell receptor results in localized plasma membrane permeabilization, triggering PM repair responses involving lysosomal exocytosis to facilitate antigen internalization and presentation. Higher affinity antigens cause more B-cell permeabilization and are efficiently presented to T-cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaolan Lu, Minghong Zhang, Wen Liu, Nan Sheng, Qin Du, Maoxin Zhang, Xiaolan Guo, Guangrong Wang, Qiang Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of urea dissociation on reducing false-positive results of the Elecsys HIV combi PT assay. The results showed that when the urea concentration was 6 mol/L, it significantly reduced the false-positive rate and improved the specificity of the assay.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilaria Callegari, Mika Schneider, Giuliano Berloffa, Tobias Muhlethaler, Sebastian Holdermann, Edoardo Galli, Tim Roloff, Renate Boss, Laura Infanti, Nina Khanna, Adrian Egli, Andreas Buser, Gert Zimmer, Tobias Derfuss, Nicholas S. R. Sanderson
Summary: In this study, we isolated spike-protein-specific B cells and produced recombinant antibodies of IgM, IgG, and IgA classes. Two IgM antibodies demonstrated potent virus neutralization at picomolar concentrations, but this potency was lost when switched to IgG. Decreased avidity alone cannot explain the loss of potency.
Article
Immunology
Fernando Chernomordik, Bojan Cercek, Jianchang Zhou, Xiaoning Zhao, Nicole Wai Man Lio, Kuang-Yuh Chyu, Prediman K. Shah, Paul C. Dimayuga
Summary: This study investigated the T cell response to the autoimmune self-antigen LL-37 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy subjects and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The results showed that ACS patients had a specific T cell profile characterized by the increase of CD8+CD69+CD137+ T cells upon LL-37 stimulation, indicating persistent T cell activation and immunologic memory. Furthermore, immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 were found to modulate the self-reactive T cell response to LL-37, and platelets from healthy controls could down-modulate the CD8+CD69+CD137+ T cell response in ACS patients' PBMCs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hadi Javan, Ling Li, Christin L. Schaaf, Young Sook Lee, Mohamed E. Salama, Charles A. Dinarello, Craig H. Selzman
Summary: IL-1 blockade prevents the progression of heart failure associated with acute pressure overload by reducing fibrosis, cellular infiltration, and cytokine production. These findings provide mechanistic insights and may drive future investigations in patients with pressure-overload-based cardiomyopathies.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Christian Moebs, Martin Salheiser, Fabian Bleise, Marie Witt, Johannes U. Mayer
Summary: This review aims to highlight the role of basophils in antigen presentation and T cell priming, as well as resolving the debate on whether basophils influence antigen presentation through direct or indirect mechanisms. Tissue-specific differences in basophil phenotypes and their interactions with other antigen-presenting cells will be discussed, along with their implications on immunological and clinical outcomes of disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Amir M. Mohareb, Anne F. Liu, Arthur Y. Kim, Patrick A. Coffie, Menan Gerard Kouame, Kenneth A. Freedberg, Anders Boyd, Emily P. Hyle
Summary: Spontaneous loss of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) occurs at a rate of 6.46/100 person-years (PYs) among untreated individuals with chronic HBV. The incidence rate of spontaneous HBeAg loss varies by age and geographic region.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe A. Gallay, Christina M. Ramirez, Marc M. Baum
Summary: Adolescent girls and young women in low- to middle-income countries are at higher risk of HIV-1 infection. New non-vaccine biomedical products aim to provide safe, effective, and discreet dosage forms for delivering antiviral compounds through vaginal drug administration. Oral regimens based on TDF and FTC have shown effectiveness in HIV-1 prevention, forming a promising basis for vaginal PrEP.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe A. Gallay, Christina M. Ramirez, Marc M. Baum
Summary: Adolescent girls and young women in low- to middle-income countries have a higher risk of HIV-1 infection. New non-vaccine biomedical products are needed to provide safe, effective, and discreet forms of antiviral compounds for vaginal administration, aiming to overcome this global health challenge.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Diahann T. S. L. Jansen, Yingying Dou, Janet W. de Wilde, Andrea M. Woltman, Sonja Buschow
Summary: The review discusses the history and current status of therapeutic vaccines research related to Hepatitis B Virus, summarizing the antigen targets, vaccine forms, and efficacy evaluation methods used in clinical trials. By combining lessons learned from past trials with the latest research insights, novel opportunities for developing therapeutic vaccines aimed at curing chronic HBV are proposed.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christoph Schultheiss, Donjete Simnica, Edith Willscher, Anna Oberle, Lorenzo Fanchi, Nicola Bonzanni, Nils H. Wildner, Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch, Christina Weiler-Normann, Ansgar W. Lohse, Mascha Binder
Summary: Patients with autoimmune hepatitis exhibit significant and persistent T-cell architectural changes, which may explain the high relapse rates after tapering immunosuppression. Liver T-cell clusters shared between patients may mediate liver damage and require further study.
Article
Hematology
Valentin Ortiz-Maldonado, Anna Alonso-Saladrigues, Marta Espanol-Rego, Nuria Martinez-Cibrian, Anna Faura, Laura Magnano, Albert Catala, Daniel Benitez-Ribas, Eva Gine, Marina Diaz-Beya, Juan Gonzalo Correa, Montserrat Rovira, Mercedes Montoro-Lorite, Alexandra Martinez-Roca, Luis Gerardo Rodriguez-Lobato, Raquel Cabezon, Joan Cid, Miquel Lozano, Enric Garcia-Rey, Nuria Conde, Georgina Pedrals, Maria Rozman, Montserrat Torrebadell, Xavier Setoain, Sonia Rodriguez, Jordi Esteve, Mariona Pascal, Alvaro Urbano-Ispizua, Manel Juan, Julio Delgado, Susana Rives
Summary: This study evaluated the outcomes of patients with R/R ALL and iEMD treated with ARI-0001 CAR T cells. The results showed that the use of ARI-0001 cells had a safety and efficacy profile comparable to patients with marrow involvement.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marc G. Ghany, Wendy C. King, Amanda S. Hinerman, Anna SF. Lok, Mauricio Lisker-Melman, Raymond T. Chung, Norah Terrault, Harry L. A. Janssen, Mandana Khalili, William M. Lee, Daryl T. Y. Lau, Gavin A. Cloherty, Richard K. Sterling
Summary: This study examined the predictive ability of HBV RNA and HBcrAg for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and found that they could predict key events such as not sustained inactive carrier phase, ALT flare, HBeAg loss, and HBsAg loss. However, their addition to readily available markers provided only small improvements in predictive ability.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberio Amorim de Almeida Ponde
Summary: Wild-type HBV infection results in the expression of specific serological markers in the blood, which can be used to monitor the progression of the disease and diagnose the clinical form or infection phase. The dynamic behavior of these markers, particularly the HBeAg-anti-HBe system, presents challenges for healthcare professionals in interpreting the infection context, whether acute or chronic.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wen Wen, Li Wang, Mengyue Deng, Yue Li, Xuemei Tang, Huawei Mao, Xiaodong Zhao
Summary: The mutation of the NFKBIA gene can lead to symptoms of ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency, and a Chinese patient with a heterozygous N-terminal truncation mutation of NFKBIA/I kappa B alpha showed impaired NF-kappa B pathway, causing various symptoms.