Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jeonghee Rho, Aravind P. Ravi, Le Ngoc Tram, Thiem Hoang, Jeremy Chastenet, Matthew Millard, Michael J. Barlow, Ilse De Looze, Haley L. Gomez, Florian Kirchschlager, Loretta Dunne
Summary: We present polarization observations of the young supernova remnant Cas A using the HAWC+ instrument on SOFIA. Dust grains with strong polarization fractions (5-30%) are found in the 154 µm polarization map, consistent with previous measurements at 850 µm. The highly polarized emission indicates large (>0.14 µm) and silicate-dominated grains. The polarization level varies across the SNR, with an inverse correlation between polarization degree and intensity, and stronger polarization between bright structures. The estimated dust mass in the polarized region is 0.14 +/- 0.04 M⊙, suggesting that core-collapse SNe contribute significantly to the dust mass in high-redshift galaxies.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. D. Priestley, M. Arias, M. J. Barlow, I De Looze
Summary: Core-collapse supernovae produce large amounts of dust, including silicate grains and nanometer grains, with high destruction efficiency in the reverse shock. Cas A, the only supernova remnant where dust destruction efficiency can be observed, has a lower final dust yield due to high destruction efficiency. The dense circumstellar environment of Cas A results in a stronger reverse shock, suggesting lower dust destruction efficiency and higher dust yield on average across all CCSNe, supporting a stellar origin for cosmic dust.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Florian Kirchschlager, Franziska D. Schmidt, M. J. Barlow, Ilse De Looze, Nina S. Sartorio
Summary: This study investigates the influence of magnetic fields on the destruction of dust grains in core-collapse supernova remnants. The simulations show that when the magnetic field is aligned perpendicular to the shock wave, the survival rate of dust grains is significantly lower. Parallel alignment also enhances destruction, but to a lesser extent. The survival fractions depend on gas density contrast and grain size.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mikako Matsuura, Roger Wesson, Richard G. Arendt, Eli Dwek, James M. De Buizer, John Danziger, Patrice Bouchet, M. J. Barlow, Phil Cigan, Haley L. Gomez, Jeonghee Rho, Margaret Meixner
Summary: By monitoring Supernova 1987A, researchers have found that the dust emission is fading in the east side of the equatorial ring while brightening in the west side. The ratio of infrared to X-ray brightness is also changing, indicating possible destruction or cooling of dust grains in the post-shock regions.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. D. Priestley, H. Chawner, M. J. Barlow, I De Looze, H. L. Gomez, M. Matsuura
Summary: Supernovae shocks have a significant impact on the distribution and properties of interstellar dust. Although there have been extensive theoretical studies, observational constraints are limited. By fitting the infrared spectra of seven Galactic supernova remnants, researchers find that the majority of dust mass is located in the dense, cool gas phase, rather than the hot phase as previously predicted.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Orlando, A. Wongwathanarat, H. -T. Janka, M. Miceli, M. Ono, S. Nagataki, F. Bocchino, G. Peres
Summary: Research shows that remnants of core-collapse supernovae can retain characteristics of asymmetries from the early stages of the explosion. Through simulations, the observed asymmetries and morphology of the Cas A remnant can be explained by the interaction of the reverse shock with initial large-scale asymmetries.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jeremy Chastenet, Ilse De Looze, Brandon S. Hensley, Bert Vandenbroucke, Mike J. Barlow, Jeonghee Rho, Aravind P. Ravi, Haley L. Gomez, Florian Kirchschlager, Juan Macias-Perez, Mikako Matsuura, Kate Pattle, Nicolas Ponthieu, Felix D. Priestley, Monica Relano, Alessia Ritacco, Roger Wesson
Summary: In this paper, the authors present the detection of polarized dust emission in the Crab pulsar wind nebula and constrain the composition and properties of the dust. They find the presence of large grains and the coexistence of carbonaceous and silicate grains in the Crab Nebula. The study also provides the temperature and mass ranges of the dust.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Wesson, A. M. Bevan, M. J. Barlow, I De Looze, M. Matsuura, G. Clayton, J. Andrews
Summary: This study presents a research on the dust associated with SN 1995N. The previously detected infrared emission is believed to be indirectly heated newly formed dust in the SN ejecta due to interaction with CSM. Further evidence from emission-line profiles supports this scenario. The study also finds the presence of 0.4 solar masses of amorphous carbon dust and suggests a later explosion date than previously assumed based on the onset of dust formation.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maria Niculescu-Duvaz, M. J. Barlow, A. Bevan, D. Milisavljevic, I De Looze
Summary: Research suggests that dust in some high-redshift galaxies may come from core-collapse supernovae, leading to studies on the dust masses formed by local core-collapse supernovae. Using three different methods, the dust mass within Cassiopeia A was determined to be at least 0.99 solar masses.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maria Niculescu-Duvaz, M. J. Barlow, William Dunn, Antonia Bevan, Omar Ahmed, David Arkless, Jon Barker, Sidney Bartolotta, Liam Brockway, Daniel Browne, Ubaid Esmail, Max Garner, Wiktoria Guz, Scarlett King, Hayri Kose, Madeline Lampstaes-Capes, Joseph Magen, Nicole Morrison, Kyaw Oo, Balvinder Paik, Joanne Primrose, Danny Quick, Anais Radeka, Anthony Rodney, Eleanor Sandeman, Fawad Sheikh, Camron Stansfield, Delayne Symister, Joshua Taylor, William Wilshere, R. Wesson, I De Looze, G. C. Clayton, K. Krafton, M. Matsuura
Summary: Core-collapse supernovae are capable of producing large quantities of dust, and the dust mass can grow significantly over time. The dust masses can be determined by modelling the red-blue asymmetries in the broad emission lines. Researchers developed a GUI tool to measure the dust masses and quantify the uncertainties on the model parameters. The study showed that a wide range of people can contribute to scientific advancement.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bing Liu, Rui-zhi Yang, Xin-yu He, Felix Aharonian
Summary: In this paper, we estimated the possible nuclear de-excitation lines from the young supernova remnant Cassiopeia A. The predicted fluxes of strong narrow line emissions from the remnant are highly model-dependent, and the detection probability of these line emissions against the MeV diffuse Galactic background was discussed under different assumptions of instrument response functions.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Lundqvist, N. Lundqvist, Yu A. Shibanov
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the structure, elemental abundances, physical conditions, and surroundings of supernova remnant 0540-69.3 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Imaging and spectroscopic studies were conducted using telescopes of the European Southern Observatory. The results reveal new spectral lines, estimate densities, temperatures, and abundances, and provide insights into the characteristics of the remnant.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maria Niculescu-Duvaz, M. J. Barlow, A. Bevan, R. Wesson, D. Milisavljevic, I De Looze, G. C. Clayton, K. Krafton, M. Matsuura, R. Brady
Summary: Modelling the red-blue asymmetries observed in the broad emission lines of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) provides a powerful technique to quantify the total dust mass formed in the ejecta at late times. The study found that the dust mass in CCSNe reaches saturation after approximately 30 years, contributing significantly to the dust budget of the Universe.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Florian Kirchschlager, Lars Mattsson, Frederick A. Gent
Summary: This study quantifies the efficiency of dust destruction in the interstellar medium due to supernovae. It uses 3D hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the interaction between the remnant's shock wave and the surrounding ISM, leading to the destruction of ISM dust. The research finds that the destruction efficiency depends strongly on the rate of grain shattering due to grain-grain collisions, and including grain shattering results in a significantly higher net destruction efficiency.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jun Li, Jian Gao, Biwei Jiang, Zesen Lin
Summary: The unusual extinction curves of SN 2010j1 were studied by fitting dust models with different compositions and grain size distributions. It was found that a silicate-graphite mixture dust model with exponentially cut-off power-law size distributions could reproduce the extinction curves well. The best-fitting models suggest that the dust grains around SN 2010j1 are likely composed of small-sized astronomical silicate grains and micron-sized graphite grains. The dust mass around SN 2010j1 was also found to increase with time.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Scicluna, F. Kemper, I McDonald, S. Srinivasan, A. Trejo, S. H. J. Wallstrom, J. G. A. Wouterloot, J. Cami, J. Greaves, Jinhua He, D. T. Hoai, Hyosun Kim, O. C. Jones, H. Shinnaga, C. J. R. Clark, T. Dharmawardena, W. Holland, H. Imai, J. Th van Loon, K. M. Menten, R. Wesson, H. Chawner, S. Feng, S. Goldman, F. C. Liu, H. MacIsaac, J. Tang, S. Zeegers, K. Amada, V Antoniou, A. Bemis, M. L. Boyer, S. Chapman, X. Chen, S-H Cho, L. Cui, F. Dell'Agli, P. Friberg, S. Fukaya, H. Gomez, Y. Gong, M. Hadjara, C. Haswell, N. Hirano, S. Hony, H. Izumiura, M. Jeste, X. Jiang, T. Kaminski, N. Keaveney, J. Kim, K. E. Kraemer, Y-J Kuan, E. Lagadec, C. F. Lee, D. Li, S-Y Liu, T. Liu, I de Looze, F. Lykou, C. Maraston, J. P. Marshall, M. Matsuura, C. Min, M. Otsuka, M. Oyadomari, H. Parsons, N. A. Patel, E. Peeters, T. A. Pham, J. Qiu, S. Randall, G. Rau, M. P. Redman, A. M. S. Richards, S. Serjeant, C. Shi, G. C. Sloan, M. W. L. Smith, K-W Suh, J. A. Toala, S. Uttenthaler, P. Ventura, B. Wang, I Yamamura, T. Yang, Y. Yun, F. Zhang, Y. Zhang, G. Zhao, M. Zhu, A. A. Zijlstra
Summary: The Nearby Evolved Stars Survey (NESS) is a sample used to study evolved stars in the Milky Way, observing their rotational lines and continuum waves, and estimating their distances using a new metric. The study found that the most evolved stars in the Galactic Plane contribute a significant amount of dust, and that evolved stars typically have larger envelopes of cold dust.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mikako Matsuura, Victoria Ayley, Hannah Chawner, M. D. Filipovic, Warren Reid, F. D. Priestley, Andy Rigby, M. J. Barlow, Haley E. Gomez
Summary: By mapping the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) using the Spitzer Space Telescope and Herschel Space Observatory, researchers were able to identify infrared emission associated with supernova remnants (SNRs) in the SMC. Through modeling dust emission and considering various densities and temperatures, the researchers found that the number of detected SNRs in the infrared is lower than expected, but there is no conclusive evidence that SNRs destroy swept-up interstellar medium (ISM) dust.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maria Niculescu-Duvaz, M. J. Barlow, A. Bevan, R. Wesson, D. Milisavljevic, I De Looze, G. C. Clayton, K. Krafton, M. Matsuura, R. Brady
Summary: Modelling the red-blue asymmetries observed in the broad emission lines of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) provides a powerful technique to quantify the total dust mass formed in the ejecta at late times. The study found that the dust mass in CCSNe reaches saturation after approximately 30 years, contributing significantly to the dust budget of the Universe.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mikako Matsuura, Roger Wesson, Richard G. Arendt, Eli Dwek, James M. De Buizer, John Danziger, Patrice Bouchet, M. J. Barlow, Phil Cigan, Haley L. Gomez, Jeonghee Rho, Margaret Meixner
Summary: By monitoring Supernova 1987A, researchers have found that the dust emission is fading in the east side of the equatorial ring while brightening in the west side. The ratio of infrared to X-ray brightness is also changing, indicating possible destruction or cooling of dust grains in the post-shock regions.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. D. Priestley, H. Chawner, M. J. Barlow, I De Looze, H. L. Gomez, M. Matsuura
Summary: Supernovae shocks have a significant impact on the distribution and properties of interstellar dust. Although there have been extensive theoretical studies, observational constraints are limited. By fitting the infrared spectra of seven Galactic supernova remnants, researchers find that the majority of dust mass is located in the dense, cool gas phase, rather than the hot phase as previously predicted.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maria Niculescu-Duvaz, M. J. Barlow, William Dunn, Antonia Bevan, Omar Ahmed, David Arkless, Jon Barker, Sidney Bartolotta, Liam Brockway, Daniel Browne, Ubaid Esmail, Max Garner, Wiktoria Guz, Scarlett King, Hayri Kose, Madeline Lampstaes-Capes, Joseph Magen, Nicole Morrison, Kyaw Oo, Balvinder Paik, Joanne Primrose, Danny Quick, Anais Radeka, Anthony Rodney, Eleanor Sandeman, Fawad Sheikh, Camron Stansfield, Delayne Symister, Joshua Taylor, William Wilshere, R. Wesson, I De Looze, G. C. Clayton, K. Krafton, M. Matsuura
Summary: Core-collapse supernovae are capable of producing large quantities of dust, and the dust mass can grow significantly over time. The dust masses can be determined by modelling the red-blue asymmetries in the broad emission lines. Researchers developed a GUI tool to measure the dust masses and quantify the uncertainties on the model parameters. The study showed that a wide range of people can contribute to scientific advancement.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Florian Kirchschlager, Franziska D. Schmidt, M. J. Barlow, Ilse De Looze, Nina S. Sartorio
Summary: This study investigates the influence of magnetic fields on the destruction of dust grains in core-collapse supernova remnants. The simulations show that when the magnetic field is aligned perpendicular to the shock wave, the survival rate of dust grains is significantly lower. Parallel alignment also enhances destruction, but to a lesser extent. The survival fractions depend on gas density contrast and grain size.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Larsson, C. Fransson, B. Sargent, O. C. Jones, M. J. Barlow, P. Bouchet, M. Meixner, J. A. D. L. Blommaert, A. Coulais, O. D. Fox, R. Gastaud, A. Glasse, N. Habel, A. S. Hirschauer, J. Hjorth, J. Jaspers, P. J. Kavanagh, O. Krause, R. M. Lau, L. Lenkic, O. Nayak, A. Rest, T. Temim, T. Tikkanen, R. Wesson, G. S. Wright
Summary: We present initial results from JWST NIRSpec integral field unit observations of the nearby supernova SN 1987A. The observations provide the first spatially resolved spectroscopy of the ejecta and equatorial ring (ER) over the 1-5 & mu;m range. We construct 3D emissivity maps of the [Fe i] 1.443 & mu;m line from the inner ejecta and the He i 1.083 & mu;m line from the reverse shock (RS), where the former probes the explosion geometry and the latter traces the structure of the circumstellar medium.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jeonghee Rho, Aravind P. Ravi, Le Ngoc Tram, Thiem Hoang, Jeremy Chastenet, Matthew Millard, Michael J. Barlow, Ilse De Looze, Haley L. Gomez, Florian Kirchschlager, Loretta Dunne
Summary: We present polarization observations of the young supernova remnant Cas A using the HAWC+ instrument on SOFIA. Dust grains with strong polarization fractions (5-30%) are found in the 154 µm polarization map, consistent with previous measurements at 850 µm. The highly polarized emission indicates large (>0.14 µm) and silicate-dominated grains. The polarization level varies across the SNR, with an inverse correlation between polarization degree and intensity, and stronger polarization between bright structures. The estimated dust mass in the polarized region is 0.14 +/- 0.04 M⊙, suggesting that core-collapse SNe contribute significantly to the dust mass in high-redshift galaxies.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Wesson, A. M. Bevan, M. J. Barlow, I De Looze, M. Matsuura, G. Clayton, J. Andrews
Summary: This study presents a research on the dust associated with SN 1995N. The previously detected infrared emission is believed to be indirectly heated newly formed dust in the SN ejecta due to interaction with CSM. Further evidence from emission-line profiles supports this scenario. The study also finds the presence of 0.4 solar masses of amorphous carbon dust and suggests a later explosion date than previously assumed based on the onset of dust formation.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Richard G. Arendt, Martha L. Boyer, Eli Dwek, Mikako Matsuura, Aravind P. Ravi, Armin Rest, Roger Chevalier, Phil Cigan, Ilse De Looze, Guido De Marchi, Claes Fransson, Christa Gall, R. D. Gehrz, Haley L. Gomez, Tuomas Kangas, Florian Kirchschlager, Robert P. Kirshner, Josefin Larsson, Peter Lundqvist, Dan Milisavljevic, Sangwook Park, Nathan Smith, Jason Spyromilio, Tea Temim, Lifan Wang, J. Craig Wheeler, Charles E. Woodward
Summary: JWST NIRCam observations provide detailed imaging of the evolving remnant of SN 1987A, confirming that the emission arises from the circumstellar equatorial ring (ER) and that the brightness can be accurately predicted. The observations also reveal that much of the emission comes from a newly developing outer portion of the ER, with spots lying at position angles in between the well-known hotspots.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
O. C. Jones, P. J. Kavanagh, M. J. Barlow, T. Temim, C. Fransson, J. Larsson, J. A. D. L. Blommaert, M. Meixner, R. M. Lau, B. Sargent, P. Bouchet, J. Hjorth, G. S. Wright, A. Coulais, O. D. Fox, R. Gastaud, A. Glasse, N. Habel, A. S. Hirschauer, J. Jaspers, O. Krause, L. Lenkic, O. Nayak, A. Rest, T. Tikkanen, R. Wesson, L. Colina, E. F. van Dishoeck, M. Guedel, Th. Henning, P. -o. Lagage, G. Oestlin, T. P. Ray, B. Vandenbussche
Summary: Using the JWST MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph, researchers observed the ejecta, equatorial ring, and outer rings of supernova 1987A. They found different emission lines from different components, with some originating from the expanding equatorial ring and others possibly from shocks or UV radiation. The dust in the equatorial ring has decreased in mass, with smaller grains destroyed and larger grains surviving.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Miguel Santander-Garcia, David Jones, Javier Alcolea, Valentin Bujarrabal, Roger Wesson
Summary: By investigating the ionised and molecular masses of post-common-envelope planetary nebulae, this study finds that those arising from double-degenerate systems are considerably more massive and have larger linear momenta and kinetic energy compared to regular planetary nebulae. However, planetary nebulae arising from single-degenerate systems do not show significant differences in mass compared to regular planetary nebulae, raising doubts about our understanding of these phenomena.